JPH0768530B2 - Molded fuel manufacturing method - Google Patents
Molded fuel manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0768530B2 JPH0768530B2 JP1188296A JP18829689A JPH0768530B2 JP H0768530 B2 JPH0768530 B2 JP H0768530B2 JP 1188296 A JP1188296 A JP 1188296A JP 18829689 A JP18829689 A JP 18829689A JP H0768530 B2 JPH0768530 B2 JP H0768530B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- molded
- molded fuel
- paraffin
- biomass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、高硫黄分を含有する石炭粉を主原料として、
これに副原料である繊維質バイオマス粉、及び脱硫剤と
して消石灰を配合した高圧造粒物を表面処理により耐水
性を付与することを特徴とする成型燃料の製造法に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention uses coal powder containing a high sulfur content as a main raw material.
The present invention relates to a method for producing a molded fuel, which comprises imparting water resistance to a high-pressure granulated product in which a fibrous biomass powder as an auxiliary material and slaked lime as a desulfurizing agent are added to the surface to impart water resistance.
［従来の技術］ 低硫黄分石炭粉を主原料に、繊維質バイオマスの一種で
ある木質粉を副原料とし、石炭及びバイオマス原料の配
合比が本発明の請求範囲にある成型燃料に関しては、本
発明者等による二件の発明（１）（２）によって公知で
ある。その一つは、原料組成比（重量）を石炭：木質廃
材＝9:1〜5:5として、例えば温度200℃、圧力300kg/cm2
のもとで得られる成型燃料である。また、もう一つは、
上述の石炭・木質粉混合物を80〜100℃の温度範囲にお
いて水蒸気共存下で一定時間保持することによって、混
合物中の木材成分にバインダー活性を付与することを特
徴とする成型燃料の製造法である。このようにして得ら
れる石炭・木質成型燃料は石炭単味に比して、以下に述
べる特徴を有する。[Prior Art] A low-sulfur coal powder as a main raw material, a wood powder that is a kind of fibrous biomass as a secondary raw material, and a blending ratio of coal and a biomass raw material within the scope of the claims of the present invention, It is known by two inventions (1) and (2) by the inventors. One of them is a raw material composition ratio (weight) of coal: wood waste = 9: 1 to 5: 5, for example, temperature 200 ℃, pressure 300kg / cm 2
It is a molded fuel obtained under. And the other is
A method for producing a molded fuel characterized by imparting a binder activity to a wood component in a mixture by maintaining the above-mentioned coal / wood powder mixture in a temperature range of 80 to 100 ° C for a certain period of time in the presence of steam. . The coal / woody fuel thus obtained has the following characteristics as compared with plain coal.
（１）燃焼時にばい煙発生量がきわめて少ない。(1) The amount of soot and smoke generated during combustion is extremely small.
（２）燃焼時の形状保持性がよい。(2) Good shape retention during combustion.
（３）灰分が少ない。(3) Low ash content.
（４）着火性が良い。(4) Good ignitability.
（５）粉状原料を用いるので、燃焼器具・燃焼機構に合
せて任意の形状・寸法に成型することが出来る。(5) Since a powdery raw material is used, it can be molded into an arbitrary shape and size according to the combustion instrument and combustion mechanism.
（６）バインダーを用いないので安価である。(6) It is inexpensive because no binder is used.
（７）木質廃材を利用するので省資源となる。(7) Since wood waste is used, resources are saved.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ 従来の技術によって得られる石炭・木質成型燃料は前述
の特徴を有するが、次の点においてさらに改良されなけ
れば、現在の石油エネルギー事情から言って石炭・木質
成型燃料は石油代替エネルギーとして、経済性及び品質
の面から受け入れられにくい。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The coal / wood molded fuel obtained by the conventional technology has the above-mentioned characteristics. However, if further improvement is not made in the following points, coal / wood will be said from the current petroleum energy situation. Molded fuel is difficult to be accepted as an alternative energy for petroleum in terms of economy and quality.
すなわち、主原料である石炭において、その品質が広
く対象になり、例えば高硫黄分のものであっても使用可
能であること。副原料である繊維質バイオマスが木質
廃材に止まらず、種々のものが使用可能なこと。省エ
ネルギー上、加熱せずに成型可能であること。成型燃
料に耐水性が付与されていること、などである。That is, the quality of coal, which is the main raw material, is widely targeted, and even if it has a high sulfur content, it can be used. A variety of materials can be used, not only wood waste materials, but also fiber biomass as an auxiliary material. For energy saving, it should be possible to mold without heating. That is, the molded fuel is provided with water resistance.
［問題を解決するための手段］ 前述の諸点を改良すべく種々検討した結果、量産性が高
く、しかも高圧下で造粒できるロール式プレス法によっ
て、特許請求の範囲に記載する如くの本発明に至ったも
のである。[Means for Solving the Problem] As a result of various investigations for improving the above-mentioned various points, the present invention as described in the claims by a roll-type pressing method which has high mass productivity and can granulate under high pressure. It came to.
以下、本発明による製造法について説明する。Hereinafter, the manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described.
本発明による製造工程は、原料調整（Ｉ）、混合（I
I）、成型（III）、成型物のバリ取り（IV）及び表面処
理（Ｖ）の各工程に大別される。The manufacturing process according to the present invention is performed by adjusting raw materials (I) and mixing (I).
I), molding (III), deburring of the molded product (IV) and surface treatment (V).
原料調整工程（Ｉ）では、主原料である石炭については
固有水分量程度までに乾燥し、粒径２〜3mm以下に粉砕
する。又、バイオマスについては、オガ屑、樹皮などの
木質廃材の他に、バガス（砂糖きびの絞り粕）、ビート
パルプ、モミガラ、麦藁等も対象になり、それらを水分
10％以下に乾燥し、粒径２〜3mm以下に粉砕する。In the raw material adjusting step (I), the coal as the main raw material is dried to a specific water content and pulverized to a particle size of 2 to 3 mm or less. Regarding biomass, in addition to wood waste such as sawdust and bark, bagasse (sugar cane meal), beet pulp, rice husks, straw, etc. are also targeted, and they are treated with water.
Dry to 10% or less and grind to a particle size of 2-3 mm or less.
混合工程（II）では、上記の工程で粒度、水分を調整し
た原料を用い、石炭粉100重量部に対して繊維質バイオ
マス粉15〜45重量部と、さらに石炭の有する燃焼性硫黄
分の100〜150％当量に相当する重量の消石灰を配合し、
均一に撹拌混合する。本発明では燃焼性硫黄分が1.0wt
％以上の石炭を対称としており、それ未満の石炭を使用
した成型燃料では硫黄分のきわめて少ないバイオマスが
配合されたため、硫黄酸化物の発生の点で、実用上あま
り問題にならない。In the mixing step (II), 15 to 45 parts by weight of fibrous biomass powder per 100 parts by weight of coal powder and 100 parts by weight of combustible sulfur content of coal are used by using the raw material whose particle size and water content are adjusted in the above step. Blended with slaked lime in a weight equivalent to ~ 150% equivalent,
Stir to mix evenly. In the present invention, the combustible sulfur content is 1.0 wt.
% Or more of the coal is symmetrical, and since the molded fuel using less than that of coal is blended with a biomass having an extremely low sulfur content, it does not pose a practical problem in terms of the generation of sulfur oxides.
成型工程（III）では、それらの混合物はフィーダーを
通してロール型プレスにより、加熱することなしに、圧
力2,000〜5,000kgf/cm2の条件下で連続的にブリケット
状に造粒され、次の工程（IV）のスクリーンを通してバ
リが除去された造粒物は表面処理工程（Ｖ）に供給され
る。一方バリは再びフィーダーを通してロールプレスに
より成型される。In the molding step (III), the mixture is continuously granulated into briquettes under a pressure of 2,000 to 5,000 kgf / cm 2 without heating by a roll type press through a feeder, and the next step ( The granules from which burrs have been removed through the screen of IV) are supplied to the surface treatment step (V). On the other hand, the burr is again molded by the roll press through the feeder.
表面処理工程（Ｖ）では、得られた造粒物を重量比がパ
ラフィン:A重油＝1:9〜5:5範囲の溶液に数秒間浸漬し、
造粒物の表面部に上記の溶液層を形成させる。In the surface treatment step (V), the obtained granulated product is immersed in a solution having a weight ratio of paraffin: A heavy oil = 1: 9 to 5: 5 for several seconds,
The above solution layer is formed on the surface of the granulated product.
以下、本発明について実施例により詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
［実施例］ 実施例に供した燃料は、石炭として低品位のリグナイ
ト、また繊維質バイオマスとして木質廃材、バガス、麦
藁、綿実油絞り粕、モミガラである。これらの原料をそ
れぞれ2mm以下に粉砕した後、所定の原料組成比になる
ように配合し、無加熱下で十分に撹拌混合した。次にこ
れらの混合物15kgをスクリュー式フィーダーによりロー
ルプレスに供給し、表１に示す条件下で成型を行った。
この操作を１混合試料につき５回繰り返し、合計75kgの
原料を連続的に成型し、造粒物のバリ部分は10mmフルイ
を通して取り除いた。引き続き、得られた造粒物をパラ
フィン10％とＡ重油90％（重量比）から成る溶液に約３
秒間浸漬後引き上げ、室温にて放置した。このように得
られた造粒物の破壊強度を表２に示した。[Examples] The fuels used in the examples are low-grade lignite as coal, and wood waste materials, bagasse, wheat straw, cottonseed oil squeezed lees, and rice husk as fibrous biomass. Each of these raw materials was pulverized to 2 mm or less, and then compounded so as to have a predetermined raw material composition ratio, and sufficiently stirred and mixed without heating. Next, 15 kg of these mixtures were fed to a roll press by a screw type feeder and molded under the conditions shown in Table 1.
This operation was repeated 5 times for each mixed sample, a total of 75 kg of raw material was continuously molded, and the burr portion of the granulated product was removed through a 10 mm sieve. Subsequently, the obtained granules were added to a solution of 10% paraffin and 90% A heavy oil (weight ratio) in about 3 parts.
It was soaked for a second, pulled up, and left at room temperature. The breaking strength of the granulated product thus obtained is shown in Table 2.
この表から明らかなように、バイオマスの種類によっ
て、得られる成型物の強度は異なるが、いずれのバイオ
マスであっても、特別な結合剤を使用せずに、しかも無
加熱下で高圧ロールプレスにより石炭・バイオマス系成
型燃料は製造可能であった。なお表２にはバイオマス20
wt％配合の例しか示していないが造粒物の強度はバイオ
マスの配合量の増大とともに増大することは言うまでも
ない。表３は原炭及びバイオマスの例として木質廃材、
バガスを用いた造粒物の分析値であるが、合わせて脱硫
剤による効果比較も示した。As is clear from this table, the strength of the obtained molded product varies depending on the type of biomass, but for any of the biomasses, no special binder is used, and moreover, by high pressure roll press without heating. Coal / biomass molded fuel could be manufactured. In Table 2, biomass 20
Although only the wt% blending example is shown, it goes without saying that the strength of the granulated product increases as the blending amount of biomass increases. Table 3 shows wood waste as an example of raw coal and biomass,
The analysis results of the granulated product using bagasse are also shown together with the effect comparison of the desulfurizing agent.
原炭は熱分解温度の低い黄鉄鉱のような鉱物質を多く含
んでおり、硫黄分のきわめて高い低品位を石炭で、その
ままでは燃料時における大量の硫黄酸化物が発生するた
め使用に耐えない。しかしバイオマスと消石灰を配合す
ることによってリグナイト原炭に比して硫黄酸化物の発
生量を大幅に低減され得た。このことは実際の石炭スト
ーブで燃焼させた後の燃焼灰中に含まれる不燃焼性硫黄
分の測定によっても確認されている。したがって石炭中
に含まれる燃焼性硫黄分は燃焼時に消石灰と反応して、
例えば無水石こうの形で灰中に固定されたことにほかな
らない。また、本造粒物は前述した公知である石炭・木
質系成型燃料と同様の燃焼特性を有していることは言う
までもない。Raw coal contains a large amount of minerals such as pyrite, which has a low thermal decomposition temperature, and has a very low grade of sulfur, which is unusable as it is because a large amount of sulfur oxides are generated during fueling. However, by mixing biomass and slaked lime, it was possible to significantly reduce the amount of sulfur oxide generation compared to lignite raw coal. This has also been confirmed by measuring the non-combustible sulfur content in the combustion ash after combustion in an actual coal stove. Therefore, the combustible sulfur contained in coal reacts with slaked lime during combustion,
For example, it is nothing but fixed in ash in the form of anhydrous gypsum. Further, it goes without saying that the present granulated product has the same combustion characteristics as the above-mentioned known coal / wood based molded fuel.
脱硫剤による効果では、表３の造粒物IIとIIIの比較か
ら明らかなように消石灰は炭酸カルシウムに比較して脱
硫効果は大きい。このことは両者の熱分解温度の相違に
よるものであり、本発明によるような成型燃料の場合、
脱硫剤として消石灰の方が適している。また、カルシウ
ム化合物の脱硫剤として生石灰があるが、そのままの状
態で成型物に存在すると、その強度の低下を来たす欠点
があるため、最終的にはCa（OH）２になるように手段を
講じなければならない。したがって、本発明において消
石灰を使用するのは以上のような理由によるものであ
る。As for the effect of the desulfurizing agent, as is clear from the comparison between the granules II and III in Table 3, slaked lime has a larger desulfurizing effect than calcium carbonate. This is due to the difference in thermal decomposition temperature between the two, and in the case of the molded fuel according to the present invention,
Slaked lime is more suitable as a desulfurizing agent. In addition, quicklime is used as a desulfurizing agent for calcium compounds, but if it is present in the molded product as it is, it has the drawback of reducing its strength. Therefore, measures should be taken so that Ca (OH) 2 is finally obtained. There must be. Therefore, the use of slaked lime in the present invention is based on the above reasons.
造粒物の耐水性については、スプレーにより降水量50mm
/h、120分間の条件下で試験した結果、無処理の造粒物
は直ちに膨潤して崩壊するのに対して、表面処理した造
硫物は降水120分間後においても何ら形に変化がみ見ら
れず、その吸水量も1.0wt％前後と小さく、大幅な耐水
性の向上が確認された。したがって、本発明による成型
燃料は通常の野外貯蔵、輸送中における一時的な降雨に
よる被水には十分に耐え得り、しかもその際の吸水量も
小さいことから、被水した場合であっても、乾燥せず
に、そのまま燃料として使用可能である。Regarding the water resistance of the granulated material, the amount of precipitation by spray is 50 mm.
As a result of testing under the condition of 120 m / h for 120 minutes, the untreated granulated product immediately swells and collapses, whereas the surface-treated vulcanized product shows no change in shape even after 120 minutes of precipitation. It was not seen, and its water absorption was small at around 1.0 wt%, confirming a significant improvement in water resistance. Therefore, the molded fuel according to the present invention can sufficiently withstand water exposure due to temporary rainfall during normal outdoor storage and transportation, and has a small water absorption amount at that time. It can be directly used as fuel without drying.
従来からの成型燃料の耐水性を付与する表面処理剤とし
てパラフィンを使用することは公知である。しかし、パ
ラフィンは価格の高い原料であり、その使用量が少量に
止めることが製造コストの面から望ましい。本発明では
高価なパラフィンを安価なものによりできるだけ代替
し、しかもパラフィン単味と同程度の耐水性を付与する
ことを目的として種々検討した結果をもとに見い出した
ものである。すなわち、実施例で示したごとく、パラフ
ィンの90％を安価なＡ重油で代替した場合でも十分な耐
水性が得られ、しかもこの混合溶液を使用した場合、Ａ
重油成分は主として成型燃料の内部へと移行し、一方の
パラフィン成分は表面部に止まり結果としてパラフィン
単味を使用したときと同様の表面状態を呈する。したが
って、本発明において表面処理剤としてパラフィン、重
油溶液を使用するのは以上の知見に基づいている。It is known to use paraffin as a surface treatment agent which imparts water resistance to a conventional molded fuel. However, paraffin is a high-priced raw material, and it is desirable to use a small amount of paraffin from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost. The present invention has been found based on the results of various studies aimed at substituting expensive paraffin with inexpensive ones as much as possible and imparting the same water resistance as that of paraffin alone. That is, as shown in the examples, sufficient water resistance can be obtained even when 90% of paraffin is replaced with cheap A heavy oil, and when this mixed solution is used, A
The heavy oil component mainly migrates to the inside of the molded fuel, while the paraffin component stays on the surface portion, resulting in the same surface state as when paraffin plain is used. Therefore, the use of paraffin and heavy oil solutions as the surface treatment agent in the present invention is based on the above findings.
［発明の効果］ 以上、本発明について説明したように本成型燃料の製造
法は高硫黄分石炭及び種々のバイオマスを原料として、
公知の石炭・木質廃材成型燃料と同様に優れた燃料特性
を有することに加えて、製造工程において原料の混合・
成型時に加熱を必要とせず、しかも耐水性を付与するこ
とを大きな特徴としている。従って、本発明は品質、燃
焼特性の面からも、又経済性、工場立地の多様性、製造
の容易性などの点においても優れた成型燃料を提供する
ものであり、未利用エネルギー資源の有効利用を促進す
ると共に、省資源・エネルギーの立場からも大きく寄与
するものである。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the method for producing the molded fuel according to the present invention uses high-sulfur coal and various biomasses as raw materials.
In addition to having excellent fuel characteristics as well as known coal / wood waste molding fuel, in addition to mixing raw materials in the manufacturing process,
The main feature is that it does not require heating during molding and imparts water resistance. Therefore, the present invention provides a molded fuel that is excellent in terms of quality and combustion characteristics, economical efficiency, diversification of factory location, and ease of manufacturing. In addition to promoting use, it also contributes greatly from the standpoint of resource conservation and energy.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 石山 栄三 北海道札幌市西区前田二条９丁目５番２号 (72)発明者 藤原 達郎 北海道札幌市西区発寒十一条３丁目１番37 号 (72)発明者 村上 英穂 北海道札幌市西区発寒十七条４丁目１番65 号 三英鋼業株式会社内 審査官 花田 吉秋 (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−135594（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 平１−15560（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 昭58−44718（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 実公 昭47−6448（ＪＰ，Ｙ１) 特許41237（ＪＰ，Ｃ２)Front page continuation (72) Inventor Eizo Ishiyama 9-5 Maeda Nijo 5 Nishi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido (72) Inventor Tatsuro Fujiwara 3-11-3 Kanjojo, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido (72) Inventor Murakami Hideo, Kanagawa, Nishi-ku, Sapporo No. 4-65, 1-17, San-ei Steel Co., Ltd. Yoshiaki Hanada (56) References JP 62-135594 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Publication 1-15560 ( JP, B2) JP-B-58-44718 (JP, B2) JP-B-47-4448 (JP, Y1) Patent 41237 (JP, C2)
Claims (1)
含有する石炭粉100重量部に対して、繊維質バイオマス
粉15〜45重量部と適当量の消石灰を配合した混合物をブ
リケット状に高圧成型した後、得られる造粒物について
重量比がパラフィン:A重油＝1:9〜5:5範囲の溶液により
表面処理することを特徴とする成型燃料の製造法1. A mixture of 100 parts by weight of coal powder containing 1.0 wt% or more of combustible sulfur (anhydrous group) and 15 to 45 parts by weight of fibrous biomass powder and an appropriate amount of slaked lime. A method for producing a molded fuel, characterized by subjecting the resulting granulated product to high pressure molding, and then subjecting the resulting granulated product to surface treatment with a solution having a weight ratio of paraffin: A heavy oil = 1: 9 to 5: 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1188296A JPH0768530B2 (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1989-07-19 | Molded fuel manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1188296A JPH0768530B2 (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1989-07-19 | Molded fuel manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0352994A JPH0352994A (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| JPH0768530B2 true JPH0768530B2 (en) | 1995-07-26 |
Family
ID=16221136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1188296A Expired - Fee Related JPH0768530B2 (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1989-07-19 | Molded fuel manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0768530B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002215879A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-01 | Ve Gruppen A/S | Method and system for production of fuel pellets and fuel pellet |
| WO2004063315A1 (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-29 | Brickett Technologies Limited | Handling of coal fines |
| JP2015078347A (en) * | 2013-09-14 | 2015-04-23 | 綜研テクニックス株式会社 | Briquette and briquette combustion method |
| WO2017138422A1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-08-17 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Method for manufacturing coal molded fuel |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS476448U (en) * | 1971-02-13 | 1972-09-21 | ||
| JPS5844718A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-15 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Exposure system by charged beam |
| JPS62135594A (en) * | 1985-12-07 | 1987-06-18 | Norio Ohashi | Molded coal |
| JPS6415560A (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control device for speed change of automatic transmission |
-
1989
- 1989-07-19 JP JP1188296A patent/JPH0768530B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0352994A (en) | 1991-03-07 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |