RU2050432C1 - High spillway dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering. SUBSTANCE: synchronous opening speed of gates placed in two tiers at the expense of rigid connection between each other using a rod, as well as providing equivalent flow rates in both tiers at the expense of reduced width of lower gate with regard to width of upper gate in proportion to difference between flow speeds in the area of gates to provide maximum efficiency in suppressing energy of flows encountered in tail race, and reduced force effect of flows on spillway structure. EFFECT: increased reliability of spillways at the expense of reduced flow effect on dam structure in tail race. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to discharge water from the upstream to the downstream.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by reducing the impact of flow on the structure in the downstream and spillway trays with jumps on the lower edge of the dam.

 In FIG. 1 shows a high-pressure spillway dam, a vertical section; figure 2 upper and lower shutters, horizontal sections.

)/

где Н₁ напор верхнего затвора, м;
Н₂ напор нижнего затвора, м;
b₁ ширина верхнего затвора, м;
b₂ ширина нижнего затвора, м;
g ускорение свободного падения, м/c².A high-pressure spillway dam includes outlet conduits 2 and 3, made in the body of dam 1, with shutters 4 and 5, equipped with maneuvering mechanisms 6, and also located between the bulls 7 on the lower edge of the dam 8 and the spillway trays coupled to the outlet conduits 9 and 10 s by jumps 11 and 12. The gates are rigidly interconnected by a rod 13 located in a vertical channel 14 in the dam body between the gates, made with walls forming an antifriction pair with the surface of the rod, the upper part of the rod at a length equal to the height of the upper shutter, a hydraulically streamlined shape is made in the direction of flow. The lower surface 15 of the upper springboard is paired with the ceiling of the lower outlet conduit and is made in the form of a guide surface that directs the flow of water to the lower tray. The shutters are made with the same height, and the lower shutter is made with a width less than the width of the upper shutter and determined from the ratio
b ₂ = b ₁ (

) /

where H _{1 the} pressure of the upper shutter, m;
N _{2 the} pressure of the lower shutter, m;
b _{1 the} width of the upper shutter, m;
b _{2 the} width of the lower shutter, m;
g acceleration of gravity, m / s ² .

 The dam works as follows.

Turn on the maneuvering mechanism 6, which opens the upper shutter 4 and simultaneously through the rod 13 the lower shutter 5. This ensures the synchronous opening speed of both shutters and halves the number of maneuvering mechanisms in spillways. Two streams with different speeds but with the same costs due to different gate widths rush down, respectively, in the spillway trays 9 and 10 with increasing speed, reach the springboards 11 and 12 and are thrown towards the downstream. In flight, streams are aerated and expand in the direction of flight. At the end of a flight near the surface of the water streams impinge at an angle ^of more than 30, quenching the kinetic energy of each other. In this case, the lower stream screens the upper one from its breakthrough towards the bottom of the river. In turn, the upper stream screens the lower stream from its breakthrough down the river, which prevents the destruction of its banks and eliminates the negative impact of spillways on navigation from the lower tail of the hydroelectric station when the flood passes. As experiments have shown, such a spillway design reduces the power impact of the flow on the structures in the downstream by more than an order of magnitude.

Claims (1)

HIGH-DRAINAGE DRAINAGE DAM, including discharge conduits made in the body of the dam one above the other with gates and shutter maneuvering mechanisms, located between the bulls on the lower edge of the dam, and spillway trays coupled with the drainage gates, characterized in that the gates are connected so that the gates are connected located in a vertical channel made with walls forming an antifriction pair with the surface of the rod, and the upper part of the rod at a length equal to the height of the upper shutter, it is hydraulically streamlined, and the lower surface of the upper springboard is paired with the ceiling of the lower outlet conduit and is made in the form of a directional surface directing the flow of water to the lower tray, the gates are made with the same height, and the lower shutter is made of width b ₂ less _than width b _{1 of the} upper shutter and determined from the relation

where H _{1 the} pressure of the upper shutter, m;
H _{2 the} pressure of the lower shutter, m;
g acceleration of gravity, m / s ² .

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