CN217710604U - Gradually-expanding step spillway - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic engineering technical field specifically indicates a formula step spillway gradually expands. Comprises a gentle slop section, a flat protecting section and a steep slope gradually expanding section; the gentle let-off section is of an inclined groove-shaped structure with gentle slope; the steep slope divergent section comprises a plurality of divergent sections; the gradually-expanding section comprises a gradually-expanding section bottom plate, gradually-expanding section side walls and a plurality of stages of gradually-expanding section steps arranged on the gradually-expanding section bottom plate, the gradually-expanding section side walls are fixed on the gradually-expanding section bottom plate, and a gradually-expanding flow channel with a small top and a big bottom is formed between the two gradually-expanding section side walls; the upstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the downstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the upstream, the downstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the upstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the downstream, and the divergent runners of the adjacent divergent sections are spliced with each other to form the divergent spillway with the upper end connected with the gentle relief section and the lower end connected with the apron section. The utility model discloses a spillway simple structure, the effect of helping away is fabulous, and very big degree has made things convenient for the construction.

Description

Gradually-expanding step spillway

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic engineering technical field specifically indicates a formula step spillway that gradually expands.

Background

Spillways are water release structures that are designed to release floods that exceed the regulation capacity of reservoirs or to reduce reservoir water levels, thereby ensuring engineering safety. When the water level in the reservoir exceeds the safety limit, water is released from the spillway to the downstream, and the dam is prevented from being damaged by overtopping of the flood. Spillways are generally not operated often, but are important buildings to ensure the safety of a reservoir hub. When the spillway spillways discharge, a large amount of flood is discharged from the spillway in a short time, the high-speed water flow discharged from the spillway has strong impact force, and if various engineering measures are not taken to eliminate or weaken the energy of the water flow, the downstream river channel is damaged.

The step spillway is widely used due to its characteristics of large on-way frictional resistance, more air entrainment and high energy dissipation rate. If the name of patent is "CN206693187U" is "a chinese utility model patent of spillway structure", this utility model patent discloses a spillway structure includes the drainage section that interconnect constitutes by bottom plate and side wall, the control section, let out groove section and tail canal, the control section includes both sides side wall, bottom plate and the weir of crossing of locating bottom plate upper portion, it is flushless control maze weir to cross the weir, the equidistance is equipped with the drain pipe on the wall body of let out groove side wall, be equipped with vertical escape canal behind the wall of let out groove side wall, be equipped with concrete cushion, rock block bed course according to the preface under the let out groove bottom plate, 8 grades of step structure types are adopted to the vertical section of let out groove bottom plate, all are equipped with in the power dissipation on 6 th, 7, 8 grades of let out groove bottom plate and the sill. The utility model discloses a spillway that introduces adopts the maze weir as the crossing weir of spillway control section, and the chute section arranges to be ladder dissipation structure, structural safe and reliable, and construction convenience, engineering cost are low, and the discharge ability is strong for rivers are steady, smooth and easy when merging into natural river course, reduce the washing away to the riverbed. However the utility model discloses a spillway of introducing still has some problems, this spillway is the runner structure of aequilate structure, the runner of aequilate structure does not have the effect that diffusion rivers reduce single wide flow, at the spillway in-process, can through vertical to restraining and leaping with water jump when the rivers of sluicing from spillway outflow entering level or nearly horizontally low reaches riverbed, torrent's rivers impact force is strong, can produce stronger washing away to the river course of spillway low reaches, under the long-term use, can cause the damage in river course, the destructiveness to the river course is stronger.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the defects of the prior art and providing a gradually expanding step spillway.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a gradually-expanding step spillway comprises an upstream smooth spillway section, a downstream flat protecting section and a steep slope gradually-expanding section which connects the smooth spillway section and the flat protecting section; the gentle chute section is of an inclined chute-shaped structure with gentle slope; the apron section is of a straight groove-shaped structure;

the steep slope diverging section comprises a plurality of diverging sections; the gradually-expanding section comprises a gradually-expanding section bottom plate, gradually-expanding section side walls and a plurality of stages of gradually-expanding section steps arranged on the gradually-expanding section bottom plate, the gradually-expanding section side walls are fixed on the gradually-expanding section bottom plate, and a gradually-expanding flow channel with a small top and a big bottom is formed between the two gradually-expanding section side walls; the upstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the downstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the upstream, the downstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the upstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the downstream, and the divergent runners of the adjacent divergent sections are spliced with each other to form the divergent spillway with the upper end connected with the gentle relief section and the lower end connected with the apron section.

The utility model provides a pair of formula step spillway gradually expands, a plurality of sections that gradually expand power dissipation mounds have been arranged on the section step gradually expands, and a plurality of sections that gradually expand power dissipation mounds are along the width direction interval arrangement of formula runner gradually expands, and section power dissipation mound gradually expands power dissipation mound with the adjacent section power dissipation mound that gradually expands of following current direction in following current direction staggered arrangement.

The utility model provides a pair of formula step spillway gradually expands, gradually expand section dynamic elimination mound is along the gradual change formula pier stud structure that increases gradually along the same direction as flow direction from upper reaches one side to low reaches one side thickness, and gradually expand section dynamic elimination mound is smooth convex terminal surface to one side upstream.

The utility model provides a gradually-expanding step spillway, the bottom plate of the gradually-expanding section comprises a gradually-expanding section inclined plate which is obliquely arranged and a gradually-expanding section flat plate which is arranged at the upper end of the gradually-expanding section inclined plate or at the lower end of the gradually-expanding section inclined plate; the divergent flat plate is a horizontally arranged plate-shaped structure.

The utility model provides a gradually expanding step spillway, which also comprises a throat section; the throat section is of an annular channel structure with openings at two ends in the downstream direction, the throat section is obliquely arranged in the downstream direction, and the two ends of the throat section in the downstream direction are respectively connected with the gentle slotware section and the steep slope gradually-expanding section.

The utility model provides a pair of formula step spillway gradually expands, the design depth of water that highly equals gentle chute section of larynx oral cavity internal flow way.

The utility model provides a gradually expanding step spillway, which also comprises a steep slope arrangement section; the arrangement section comprises an arrangement section bottom plate, an arrangement section side wall and a plurality of stages of arrangement section steps arranged on the arrangement section bottom plate; the arrangement section force-dissipating piers are arranged on the arrangement section steps; the side walls of the finishing section are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom plate of the finishing section to form an equal-width flow channel, the upper end of the equal-width flow channel is connected with the downstream end of the gradual-expansion section of the steep slope, and the lower end of the equal-width flow channel is connected with the apron section.

The utility model provides a gradually expanding step spillway, the apron section comprises an apron section bottom plate and apron section side walls positioned at two sides of the apron section bottom plate; a plurality of apron section force-eliminating piers which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged on the apron section bottom plate; the force-eliminating pier of the apron section is of a square pier column structure.

The utility model provides a pair of formula step spillway gradually expands, gradually expand the section step and be 0.3m ~ 0.6m along the width in same direction as the flow direction, gradually expand the section step and highly be 0.2m ~ 0.5m along vertical.

The utility model provides a pair of formula step spillway gradually expands, the dull and stereotyped width along the following current of section gradually expands is not less than 0.8m.

The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the utility model discloses a spillway includes the abrupt slope divergent section, and the abrupt slope divergent section is big end down's gradual expansion formula runner structure, and the flood discharge rivers pass through the abrupt slope divergent section, and the runner width increases gradually, has effectively reduced the terminal rivers discharge capacity and the rivers impact force of unit width of spillway, and the flood discharge rivers increase gradually with abrupt slope divergent section area of contact, and to the friction resistance of flood discharge rivers bigger and bigger, the energy dissipation effect is better;

2. the utility model discloses arrange a plurality of gradual expansion section power dissipation mounds on gradual expansion section step, gradual expansion section power dissipation mound staggered arrangement on gradual expansion section step can carry out fine dispersion and energy dissipation to flood discharge rivers, is favorable to the flood discharge rivers evenly to be dispersed in the gradual expansion runner of gradual widening on the one hand, can make the flood discharge rivers left side rush to the right suddenly simultaneously, and repeated clash collides, and a large amount of gas mixing reduces the rivers impact force by a wide margin;

3. the utility model is provided with the gradually expanding section flat plate on each gradually expanding section, the construction plane of the gradually expanding section flat plate on the steep slope can be used as a temporary platform for constructors and construction machinery, which not only serves as an anti-sliding large tooth groove to obviously improve the anti-sliding stability of the chute bottom plate, but also obviously improves the construction safety under severe conditions, and the concrete engineering quantity of the spillway is not increased as much as possible;

4. the step size of the gradually expanding section of the utility model is designed in a targeted manner, and the step size is proper, so that the temporary traffic step and the temporary storage platform of a small construction machine can be used as the temporary traffic step for construction, the concrete formwork erection and the pouring construction difficulty of a high and steep spillway can be obviously reduced, the construction labor safety can be obviously improved, the construction quality can be ensured, and a convenient channel and a convenient platform can be provided for later inspection and maintenance;

5. the utility model discloses set up the larynx section between gentle groove section and the abrupt slope section of gradually expanding, the larynx mouth section is like the structure of larynx mouth, and the larynx mouth height approximately equals the design depth of water of gentle groove section, has both avoided the too high rivers of upper reaches velocity of flow when getting into the abrupt slope groove section, appears the local condition that breaks away from gentle groove section of leaking, avoids larynx mouth department to cross the water section man and leads to choking for the beam is narrow again.

The utility model discloses a spillway simple structure, the effect of falling the power is fabulous, and very big degree has made things convenient for the construction, has very big spreading value.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the structure of the spillway of the utility model is shown schematically;

FIG. 2: the utility model discloses a top view of spillway;

FIG. 3: viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4: part B of the utility model in figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view;

wherein: 1-a gentle relief section; 2-divergent section side wall; 3-a gradual expansion section step; 4-gradual expansion section force eliminating pier; 5-a gradual expansion section inclined plate; 6-a divergent section flat plate; 7-throat section; 8, arranging a section bottom plate; 9-finishing the side wall of the section; 10-arranging steps of the section; 11-finishing section force eliminating pier; 12-a apron section floor; 13-apron section side walls; and 14, a apron section force eliminating pier.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment relates to a gradually expanding step spillway, which mainly includes a gentle spillway section 1, a steep slope gradually expanding section and a flat protecting section. The upstream end of the steep slope gradual expansion section is connected with the gentle relief groove section 1, and the downstream end is connected with the flat protection section. Flood discharge water flow firstly enters the gentle chute section 1, then enters the apron section through the steep slope gradual expansion section energy dissipation, has certain energy dissipation effect, and finally flows into a downstream river section from the apron section.

Wherein, gentle chute section 1 is the slope groove-shaped structure that the slope is gentle, and the gentle chute section 1 of this embodiment mainly accepts the large-scale retaining facility of upper reaches, plays the transition effect, and the slope of gentle chute section 1 is 0 ~ 30.

The steep slope divergent section comprises a plurality of divergent sections, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, each divergent section comprises a divergent section bottom plate, divergent section side walls 2 and a plurality of stages of divergent section steps 3 arranged on the divergent section bottom plate, the two divergent section side walls 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the divergent section bottom plate in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction, a divergent flow passage with a small top and a big bottom is formed between the two divergent section side walls 2, that is, each divergent section of the embodiment comprises a divergent flow passage, and the divergent flow passage is of a trumpet-shaped divergent structure. The upstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the downstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the upstream, the downstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the upstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the downstream, and the divergent runners of the adjacent divergent sections are spliced with each other to form the divergent spillway with the upper end connected with the gentle relief section 1 and the lower end connected with the apron section. The gradual expansion flood discharge runner with the small upstream end and the large downstream end is arranged on the whole steep slope gradual expansion section, after flood discharge water flow enters the gradual expansion flood discharge runner, the contact area between the flood discharge water flow and the runner is gradually increased, the friction force is also gradually increased, the energy dissipation effect of the steep slope gradual expansion section on the flood discharge water flow is gradually increased, finally, the water flow flowing out from the steep slope gradual expansion section cannot form impact water flow which is converged, but form open water flow, and the impact acting force of the tail unit width of the flood discharge water flow is effectively reduced.

The apron section is the tail end of the whole spillway and is used for further energy dissipation when flood discharge water flows enter a river channel to advance, and erosion of the river bed caused by direct impact of the water flows is avoided.

When flood discharge, flood discharge rivers flow into abrupt slope gradual expansion section from gentle chute section 1 at first, and in abrupt slope gradual expansion section, runner width crescent, the impact force in the flood discharge rivers unit width reduces gradually, until flowing out abrupt slope gradual expansion section, enters into the apron section, and the apron section changes the direction of flood discharge rivers, makes during it flows into the low reaches river course along the horizontal direction as far as possible, avoids producing the impact to the riverbed.

In a further embodiment, the steep slope divergent section is further optimized, as shown in fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, a plurality of divergent section stilling piers 4 are arranged on the divergent section step 3, the plurality of divergent section stilling piers 4 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the divergent flow passage, and the divergent section stilling piers 4 adjacent to the divergent section stilling piers 4 in the downstream direction are arranged in a staggered manner in the downstream direction. The staggered arrangement mode makes the area of water flow impact bigger, and the effect of eliminating the power is better.

The width of the divergent section step 3 along the forward direction is 0.3 m-0.6 m, as shown by a in fig. 4, and the height of the divergent section step 3 along the vertical direction is 0.2 m-0.5 m, as shown by b in fig. 4.

Staggered arrangement's gradual expanding section power dissipation mound 4 can produce fine energy dissipation effect to flood discharge rivers, and when flood discharge rivers passed through the abrupt slope gradual expanding section, can strike on gradual expanding section power dissipation mound 4, is favorable to rivers evenly dispersed in the abrupt slope gradual expanding section of gradually widening on the one hand and opens, can make rivers left side towards right suddenly simultaneously, collides repeatedly, and a large amount of aerials, the great water impact force that subdues.

In another optimized embodiment, the divergent section force dissipating pier 4 is optimized in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the divergent section force dissipating pier 4 of this embodiment is a gradual change type pier column structure whose thickness gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side along the forward flow direction, and the divergent section force dissipating pier 4 is a smooth arc-shaped end surface on the upstream side along the forward flow direction.

That is, the divergent section absorbing pier 4 of the embodiment is a gradually changing structure with a small front part and a large rear part, and the structure is convenient for dissipating the energy of the flood discharge water flow and avoids the impact damage of the flood discharge water flow on the divergent section absorbing pier 4.

In another alternative embodiment, the divergent bottom plate of the present embodiment is optimized, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the divergent bottom plate of the present embodiment includes a divergent sloping plate 5 disposed in an inclined manner, and a divergent flat plate 6 disposed at an upper end of the divergent sloping plate 5 or a lower end of the divergent sloping plate 5. The divergent flat plates 6 are horizontally arranged plate-shaped structures, the width of the divergent flat plates 6 in the downstream direction is not less than 0.8m, as shown by c in fig. 4, and the vertical spacing between adjacent divergent flat plates 6 is 3m to 5m, as shown by d in fig. 4.

The gradually-expanding flat plate 6 is of a horizontal plate-shaped structure, steps with proper height and width can be excavated on a high and steep slope in advance, a temporary platform is constructed for constructors and construction machinery, the gradually-expanding flat plate serves as an anti-sliding large tooth groove, the anti-sliding stability of a bottom plate of the gradually-expanding section is obviously improved, the construction safety under severe conditions is obviously improved, and the concrete engineering quantity is not increased as much as possible.

In an alternative embodiment, the spillway of this embodiment further includes a throat section 7, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the throat section 7 is an annular channel structure with openings at both ends in the downstream direction, the throat section 7 is inclined in the downstream direction, and the throat section 7 is respectively connected with the smooth chute section 1 and the steep slope divergent section at both ends in the downstream direction.

In addition, the height of the flow passage in the cavity of the throat section 7 is equal to the designed water depth of the gentle slobber section 1. The design structure not only avoids the situation that the water flow with overhigh upstream flow velocity is partially separated from the discharge groove, but also avoids the water damming caused by artificial narrowing of the water passing section at the throat section 7.

In a preferred embodiment, a steep slope finishing section is arranged between the steep slope gradually-expanding section and the apron section, as shown in fig. 1-3, the finishing section comprises a finishing section bottom plate 8, a finishing section side wall 9 and a plurality of stages of finishing section steps 10 arranged on the finishing section bottom plate 8, finishing section force-dissipating piers 11 are mounted on the finishing section steps 10, and the finishing section side walls 9 are respectively arranged on two sides of the finishing section bottom plate 8 to form an equal-width flow passage with an upper end connected with the downstream end of the steep slope gradually-expanding section and a lower end connected with the apron section.

The slope gradient of the steep slope arrangement section is smaller than that of the steep slope gradually-expanding section, the steep slope gradually-expanding section is of a gradually-expanding structure, and the steep slope arrangement section is of an equal-width structure.

The structure of the arrangement section force dissipating pier 11 is the same as that of the divergent section force dissipating pier 4.

In an alternative embodiment, the embodiment is optimized for the apron section, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the apron section includes an apron section bottom plate 12 and apron section side walls 13 located on both sides of the apron section bottom plate 12, a plurality of apron section dissipating piers 14 arranged in a staggered manner are arranged on the apron section bottom plate 12, and the apron section dissipating piers 14 are of a square pier column structure.

The bottom plate 12 of the apron section is a horizontal plate-shaped structure, and the apron section is used for further energy dissipation of flood discharge water flow, changing the direction of the flood discharge water flow and avoiding direct impact on a riverbed.

The impact force of the flood discharge water flow unit width entering the apron section is greatly reduced, so that the apron section force-dissipating pier 14 of the embodiment is designed into a square pier column structure, the energy dissipation of the flood discharge water flow can be further enhanced, and the water flow impact at the moment can not damage the apron section force-dissipating pier 14.

Specifically, when flood discharge is needed, flood discharge water flow firstly enters the gentle chute section 1, the gentle chute section 1 guides the flood discharge water flow into the throat section 7, the throat section 7 converges the water flow, the water flow enters the steep slope gradual expansion section, the flood discharge water flow is poured in the gradual expansion type flow channel, the water flow collides and dissipates energy on the gradual expansion section steps 3 and the gradual expansion section dissipating pier 4, and finally enters the steep slope arrangement section from the downstream end of the steep slope gradual expansion section, further energy dissipation is carried out in the steep slope arrangement section through the arrangement section steps 10 and the arrangement section dissipating pier 11, then the water flow enters the apron section, collides with the apron dissipating section 14 to dissipate energy, the flow direction is changed through the apron section bottom plate 12, the water flow can enter a river channel along the horizontal direction, and direct impact on a river bed is avoided.

The forward flow direction of the scheme refers to the slope descending direction along the steep slope gradually-expanding section in fig. 3, and the vertical flow direction refers to the slope descending direction vertical to the steep slope gradually-expanding section.

The foregoing shows and describes the basic principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a formula step spillway gradually expands which characterized in that: comprises an upstream gentle slop section (1), a downstream apron section and a steep slope gradually-expanding section for connecting the gentle slop section (1) and the apron section; the gentle groove discharging section (1) is of an inclined groove-shaped structure with a gentle slope; the apron section is of a straight groove-shaped structure;

the steep slope divergent section comprises a plurality of divergent sections; the divergent section comprises a divergent section bottom plate, divergent section side walls (2) and a plurality of stages of divergent section steps (3) arranged on the divergent section bottom plate, the divergent section side walls (2) are fixed on the divergent section bottom plate, and a divergent flow passage with a small upper part and a big lower part is formed between the two divergent section side walls (2); the upstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the downstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the upstream, the downstream end of the divergent runner is as wide as the upstream end of the adjacent divergent runner at the downstream, and the divergent runners of the adjacent divergent sections are spliced with each other to form the divergent spillway runner of which the upper end is connected with the gentle relief section (1) and the lower end is connected with the apron section.

2. A divergent step spillway as defined in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of divergent section absorption piers (4) are arranged on the divergent section step (3), the divergent section absorption piers (4) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the divergent flow channel, and the divergent section absorption piers (4) adjacent to the downstream direction are arranged in a staggered mode in the downstream direction.

3. A divergent step spillway as in claim 2, wherein: the gradually-expanding section force-dissipating pier (4) is of a gradually-changing pier column structure with the thickness gradually increasing from the upstream side to the downstream side along the forward flow direction, and the smooth arc-shaped end surface is arranged on the upstream side of the gradually-expanding section force-dissipating pier (4) along the forward flow direction.

4. A divergent step spillway as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the divergent section bottom plate comprises divergent section inclined plates (5) which are obliquely arranged and divergent section flat plates (6) which are arranged at the upper ends of the divergent section inclined plates (5) or the lower ends of the divergent section inclined plates (5); the divergent flat plate is a horizontally arranged plate-shaped structure.

5. A divergent step spillway as in claim 1, wherein: also comprises a throat section (7); the throat section (7) is of an annular channel structure with openings at two ends in the downstream direction, the throat section (7) is obliquely arranged in the downstream direction, and the throat section (7) is respectively connected with the gentle slotter section (1) and the steep slope gradually-expanding section in the downstream direction at two ends.

6. A divergent step spillway as in claim 5, wherein: the height of the flow channel in the cavity of the throat section (7) is equal to the designed water depth of the gentle slobber section (1).

7. A divergent step spillway as in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a steep slope finishing section; the arrangement section comprises an arrangement section bottom plate (8), an arrangement section side wall (9) and a plurality of stages of arrangement section steps (10) arranged on the arrangement section bottom plate (8); the arrangement section force-absorbing pier (11) is arranged on the arrangement section step (10); the side walls (9) of the finishing section are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom plate (8) of the finishing section to form an equal-width flow channel, the upper end of the equal-width flow channel is connected with the downstream end of the steep slope gradually-expanding section, and the lower end of the equal-width flow channel is connected with the apron section.

8. A divergent step spillway as defined in claim 1, wherein: the apron section comprises an apron section bottom plate (12) and apron section side walls (13) positioned on two sides of the apron section bottom plate (12); a plurality of apron section stress-eliminating piers (14) which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged on the apron section bottom plate (12); the apron section force-eliminating pier (14) is of a square pier column structure.

9. A divergent step spillway as in claim 1, wherein: the width of the gradually-expanding step (3) along the forward direction is 0.3-0.6 m, and the height of the gradually-expanding step (3) along the vertical direction is 0.2-0.5 m.

10. A divergent step spillway as defined in claim 4, wherein: the width of the divergent section flat plate (6) along the forward direction is not less than 0.8m.

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