RU204938U1 - A device for ventilating flax rolls with atmospheric air - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely, to devices for keeping wet flax stands in rolls. The device contains a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and a fan with an air duct for supplying air, and a working nozzle with a spray is located in the air duct, where liquid preservatives are supplied from the reservoir through an intake pipe, filter, hose, etc. metering valve. The proposed device, when using preservatives in bulk form when ventilated with atmospheric air, will provide a decrease in energy consumption compared to ventilation with heated air and will reduce the consumption of preservatives as compared to conventional chemical canning. The process of saturating a roll of flax-straw with preservatives occurs faster than drying with a heat-transfer agent, this is especially important during the harvesting period, when every day counts to preserve flax.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely, to devices for preserving wet flax trees in the form of rolls.

Flax is raised in the second half of August, in September, and sometimes in October, when there is high relative humidity and relatively low air temperature, a small number of sunny days with a significant number of rainy and cloudy. This leads to a stretching of the harvesting period and losses of the grown crop, reaching in some years 40 ÷ 50% (Shushkov R. A. Shelf life of wet flax rolls // Rural mechanizer. - 2014, No. 1. - P. 20-21.

Preservation of the quality of flax stands within 90 ÷ 98% at an absolute humidity of 45 ÷ 50% for 6 ÷ 8 months ensures chemical preservation. In the process of forming a roll, the mixture of preparations is carried out into the pressed flax with a dispenser installed on the baler. When preserving, mixtures of urea and sodium pyrosulfite, ammonium carbonate and urea, anhydrous ammonia, etc. are used (Certificate of Authorship 1770469 USSR D01S1 / 02. Methods for preserving flax trusts of high humidity / Davydova O. E., Mukhin V. V .; 23.10 .92. Bull.39; Patent 2003739 RF D01S1 / 02. Methods of preserving flax trusts / Mukhin V.V., Belova V.V., publ. 30.11.93. Bull. 43 ÷ 44). The disadvantage of chemical preservation is a significant consumption of expensive preservatives 5 ÷ 6% of the weight of flax.

The solution to the problem can be the introduction of points for drying the rolls of flax-straw (Shushkov R. A. Storage of wet rolls of flax-straw // Rural mechanic. - 2014, No. 1. - P. 20-21).

The known method and device for drying fibrous materials in rolls. Simplification of the final drying technology was achieved by radial injection of the coolant into the roll with simultaneous suction of the exhaust air through the central part of the roll by an air duct having channels for pumping the coolant and exhausting air in a single device structure on which the roll is mounted (Patent RU No. 2464770, IPC А01F25 / 08. Method and device for drying fibrous materials in rolls / Uglin V.K., Nikiforov V.E., Tyapugin E.A., Tyapugin S.E .; publ. 27.10.2012).

A device for drying flax rolls is known, containing a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and an air duct for supplying a coolant, inside a hollow cylinder, a rod with an external thread is installed along its entire height, on which on one side a piston is installed, on the inner diameter of which a thread is made, and on the opposite side, the rod is connected to the shaft by an electric motor through a coupling, while signals from moisture sensors installed at an equal distance from each other in the central parts of the roll zones, equal to each other, and the master are fed to a control unit electrically connected to the electric motor (Patent RU No. 2524265, IPC A01F25 / 08. A device for drying flax rolls / Shushkov RA, Orobinsky DF, Kuznetsov NN; publ. 27.07.2014).

Known device for drying rolls of flax, selected as a prototype, containing a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and an air duct for supplying a coolant (Patent RU No. 49826, IPC D01V1 / 48. Device for drying rolls flax / Orobinsky D.F .; publ. 10.12.2005. Bull. 34).

The disadvantage of the considered devices and, in general, the method of artificial drying of flax trusts is that they have not found application in practice due to significant energy consumption and high financial costs.

The problem solved by the utility model is to reduce energy consumption and reduce the consumption of preservatives by ventilating wet flax rolls with atmospheric air without heating, enriched with preservatives.

The task is achieved by the fact that a device for ventilating flax rolls with atmospheric air, which contains a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and an air duct, contains a fan connected to the air duct for air supply, a reservoir with preservatives, a filter, an intake pipe and a hose on which a metering valve is installed, and in the air duct there is a working nozzle with a spray, connected to the reservoir by a hose.

The device contains a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll, a fan and an air duct for air supply. A working nozzle and a sprayer are located in the air duct, through which liquid preservatives enter in a high-speed air flow from the reservoir through the intake pipe, filter, hose and metering valve.

Atmospheric air is supplied by a fan through an air duct inside the roll. Passing through the throat of the working nozzle at high speed, the air sprays liquid preservatives onto the smallest particles, which enter the sprayer from the reservoir. The air enriched with preservative particles flows into the hollow cylinder and through its holes evenly saturates the roll material with preservatives.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing. FIG. 1 shows a device for ventilating flax rolls with atmospheric air.

The device contains a base for installing a roll 1, a hollow cylinder 2 with holes 3, which are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone 4 for piercing the roll, a top cover 5 to prevent leaks of air enriched with preservatives along the central axis of the roll flax 15, air duct 6 and fan 7 for supplying atmospheric air. The air duct 6 has a working nozzle 8 to accelerate the air flow and create a vacuum in the intake pipe 11 and a spray of preservatives 9. Liquid preservatives enter the spray nozzle 9 from the reservoir 10, through the intake pipe 11, filter 12, hose 13 and metering valve 14.

The device works as follows. A roll of flax restocks 15 with the help of a cone 4 is installed on the base 1, covered with a lid 5 and the fan 7 is turned on. Air from the fan 7 through the air duct 6 passes through the working nozzle 8 at a high speed (250 ÷ 300 m / s) and breaks up the liquid preservative into tiny particles entering the sprayer 9 from the reservoir 10 through the intake pipe 11, the filter 12, the hose 13 and the metering valve 14. The air enriched with preservatives, due to its moisture-absorbing capacity, is pumped into the roll through the air duct 6 through the holes 3 of the hollow cylinder 2, evenly saturating the flax preservatives and is taken out through the side of the roll 15. After saturation of the flax roll with preservatives, the fan is turned off, the roll is removed from the device and sent to the warehouse for storage.

The use of preservatives in volumetric form during ventilation with atmospheric air, due to its moisture-absorbing capacity, provides a decrease in energy consumption by 1.5-2.0 times compared to ventilation with heated air and reduces the consumption of preservatives by 1.8-2.0 times compared to ordinary chemical preservation. The process of saturation of a roll of flax-straw with preservatives is faster than drying with a heat-transfer agent, this is especially important during the harvesting period, when every day counts to preserve flax. In addition, the use of biologically active preparations as preservatives for air enrichment allows transforming an uncured trust (semi-trust) into a trust during storage, and improving the quality of products. Therefore, when weather conditions do not allow to get flax on the field, for example, in October, it is possible to roll a half-tree, which will not affect the quality of flax raw materials.

Claims (1)

A device for ventilating flax rolls with atmospheric air, containing a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and an air duct, characterized in that it contains a fan connected to the air duct for air supply, a reservoir with preservatives, a filter, an intake tube and a hose on which a metering valve is installed, and in the air duct there is a working nozzle with a spray, connected to the reservoir by a hose.

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