RU2815691C1 - Automated device for ventilation of flax-straw rolls - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural machine building, namely to devices for preservation of wet flax stalks in the form of rolls. Automated device for venting rolls of flax-straw comprises a base with a hollow cylinder with holes vertically fixed in the centre, which holes are arranged along its height and diameter, wherein the upper part of the hollow cylinder has a cone protruding above the upper cover, and the lower part of the hollow cylinder is connected by an air duct with a fan, inside the air duct there is a working nozzle in which a preservative sprayer is installed, connected to a dosing valve by a hose through a filter with an intake tube installed inside the reservoir with a preservative, inside the roll along its height there are preservative concentration sensors, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the measuring unit, electric output of the latter is connected to control device, to which an actuating device for controlling a fan and an actuating device for controlling a metering valve are connected, respectively connected to the fan and metering valve.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to automate the process of saturation of a roll of flax-straw with preservatives, to reduce power consumption and to reduce consumption of preservatives due to automatic shutdown of the preservative and air supply when the required concentration of the preservative is achieved inside the rolls of flax-straw.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely, to devices for preserving wet flax trust in the form of rolls.

A known method and device for drying fibrous materials in rolls [RU 2464770, A01F 25/08]. Simplification of the drying technology is achieved by radially pumping coolant into a roll with simultaneous suction of exhaust air through the central part of the roll with an air duct having channels for coolant injection and air exhaust in a single design of the device onto which the roll is mounted.

The disadvantage of this device is its significant energy consumption and design complexity.

A device for drying flax rolls is known, containing a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and an air duct for supplying coolant; inside the hollow cylinder, along its entire height, there is a rod with an external thread, on which on one side a piston is installed, on the inner diameter of which there is a thread, and on the opposite side the rod is connected through a coupling to the electric motor shaft, while signals from humidity sensors installed at an equal distance from each other in the central parts of the roll zones, equal to each other, and the setter are sent to control unit electrically connected to the electric motor [RU 2524265, A01F 25/08].

The disadvantages of the considered device are low quality ventilation and high costs.

The closest to the invention is a device for ventilating flax trust rolls with atmospheric air [RU 204938, A01F 25/08]. The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely, to devices for preserving wet flax fiber in rolls, containing a hollow cylinder with holes that are evenly spaced in height and diameter, a cone for piercing the roll and a fan with an air duct for supplying air, wherein the air duct contains a working nozzle with a sprayer, into which liquid preservatives are supplied from the reservoir through an intake tube, filter, hose and dispenser tap. The proposed device, when using preservatives in bulk form during ventilation with atmospheric air, will provide a reduction in energy consumption compared to ventilation with heated air and will reduce the consumption of preservatives compared to conventional chemical preservation. The process of saturating a flax roll with preservatives occurs faster than drying with a coolant; this is especially important during the harvesting period, when every day counts for preserving the flax trust. The disadvantages of this device are:

1. High energy consumption;

2. Increased consumption of preservative.

The objective of the invention is to automate the process of saturating flax rolls with preservatives, which makes it possible to reduce energy costs and reduce the consumption of preservatives by automatically turning off the supply of preservative and air when the required preservative concentration inside the flax rolls is reached.

The problem is solved due to the fact that an automated device for ventilating flax rolls, containing a base with a hollow cylinder vertically fixed in the center with holes that are located along its height and diameter, and the upper part of the hollow cylinder has a cone protruding above the top cover, and the bottom part of the hollow cylinder is connected by an air duct to a fan, inside the air duct there is a working nozzle in which a preservative sprayer is installed, connected to a dispenser tap with a hose through a filter with an intake tube installed inside the reservoir with a preservative; preservative concentration sensors and electrical outlets are installed inside the roll along its height which are connected to the measuring unit, the electrical output of the latter is connected to the control device, to which the actuator control device for the fan and the actuator control device for the dispenser tap are connected, respectively connected to the fan and the dispenser tap. New significant features:

1. Preservative concentration sensors are rigidly fixed inside the roll along its height.

2. The electrical outputs of the preservative concentration sensors are connected to the measuring unit.

3. The electrical output of the measuring unit is connected to the control device.

4. One of the electrical outputs of the control device is connected to the fan control actuator.

5. The second electrical output of the control device is connected to the actuator for controlling the dispenser tap.

The listed new essential features, in combination with the known ones, make it possible to obtain a technical result in all cases covered by the scope of legal protection.

Technical result

The technical result is that preservative concentration sensors are rigidly fixed inside the roll along its height, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the measuring unit, the electrical output of the latter is connected to the control device, to which the actuator control device for the fan and the actuator control device for the dispenser tap are connected, respectively connected to a fan and a dispenser tap.

The identified distinctive features, in combination with the known ones, provide a technical result, which consists in reducing energy costs due to the automatic shutdown of the fan by the actuator when the roll is saturated with a preservative, the concentration of which is determined in the measuring unit based on signals from concentration sensors, as well as in saving the preservative ensured by automatically turning off the supply of the preservative a dispensing tap connected to an actuator and a control unit.

The invention is illustrated by a figure that schematically shows an automated device for ventilating flax trust rolls.

An automated device for ventilating flax trust rolls contains a base 1 with a hollow cylinder 2 vertically fixed in the center with holes 3, which are located along its height and diameter. The upper part of the hollow cylinder 2 has a cone 4 protruding above the top cover 5, and the lower part of the hollow cylinder 2 is connected by an air duct 6 to a fan 7. Inside the air duct there is a working nozzle 8, in which a preservative sprayer 9 is installed, connected to a dispenser tap 10 by a hose 11 through a filter 12 with an intake tube 13 installed inside a reservoir 14 with a preservative. Inside the roll along its height there are preservative concentration sensors 16 installed, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the measuring unit 17, the electrical output of which is connected to the control device 18. An actuator 19 for controlling the fan 7 and an actuator 20 for controlling the dispenser tap 10 are connected to the control device 18. The actuators 19 and 20 are respectively connected to the fan 7 and the metering valve 10.

An automated device for ventilating flax trust rolls works as follows. A roll of flax trust 15 is placed on the base 1 using a cone 4, covered with a lid 5 and the fan 7 is turned on. Air from the fan 7 through the air duct 6 passes through the working nozzle 8 at high speed (250÷300 m/s) and crushes the liquid preservative into small particles , entering the preservative sprayer 9 from the reservoir 14 through the intake tube 13, filter 12, hose 11 and dispenser tap 10. Air enriched with preservatives, due to its moisture-absorbing ability, is pumped into the roll through the air duct 6 through the holes 3 of the hollow cylinder 2, uniformly saturating flax with preservatives and is discharged out through the side of the flax roll 15. After the flax roll is saturated with preservatives, the signal from the sensors 16 enters the measuring unit 17, and then into the control device 18, which, using the actuator 20, closes the preservative dispenser valve 10 and the actuator 19 turns off the fan 7. The preservative-saturated roll is removed from the device and sent to a warehouse for storage.

Timely shutdown of the fan supply of preservative allows you to reduce energy costs and save preservative while maintaining the quality of the flax fiber.

Claims (1)

An automated device for ventilating flax rolls, containing a base with a hollow cylinder vertically fixed in the center with holes located along its height and diameter, wherein the upper part of the hollow cylinder has a cone protruding above the top cover, and the lower part of the hollow cylinder is connected by an air duct to a fan inside The air duct has a working nozzle in which a preservative sprayer is installed, connected to a dispenser tap with a hose through a filter with an intake tube installed inside the preservative tank, characterized in that preservative concentration sensors are rigidly fixed inside the roll along its height, the electrical outputs of which are connected to the measuring block, the electrical output of the latter is connected to a control device, to which an actuator for controlling the fan and an actuator for controlling the dispenser tap are connected, respectively connected to the fan and the dispenser tap.

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