RU2024712C1 - Method for erecting monolithic walls between floors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering. SUBSTANCE: before installing the formwork the method involves securing nonremovable retainers on floors and vertical structures along the outline of the wall being erected and within the limits of its thickness, said retainers coming out to the face surfaces of the wall. Erection of walls is started from peripheral fragments, installing opposite formwork panels close to retainers and joining them by nonremovable embedded elements. Formwork is filled with concrete mix through pipe union located on formwork panel. When reinstalling the formwork the panels are disposed on concrete section with overlap. On the upper layer the panels are pressed against floor via flexible sealing spacers provided with drain channels. The moment of complete filling of the entire formwork cavity is determined by the discharge of surplus concrete mix. EFFECT: higher efficiency.

Description

 The invention relates to construction and can be used in the construction of monolithic walls and partitions between ceilings.

 There is a method of erecting monolithic partitions in a formwork with sliding inserts, installed on the entire area of the erected partitions, limited by ceilings and load-bearing walls. Concreting the partitions with plastic mixtures is carried out by pipeline using a flat nozzle through elastic openings in the upper edge of the formwork panel or insert, moving the nozzle along the line of intersection of the overlap with the partition. To arrange angular intersections of partitions, formwork panels are joined together (1).

 The formation of a partition from a mobile highly plastic concrete mixture is accompanied until the concrete has hardened by the hydrostatic pressure of concrete on the formwork. The perception of this pressure requires a significant strengthening of the design of shields and racks and the fastening of the latter to the ceilings by means more reliable than friction from the abutment, as a result of which the formwork becomes so heavy that its movement without the use of special mechanisms is difficult.

 There is also a known method of building a building, including assembling shield formwork one floor high, concreting walls to an incomplete floor height, laying overlap on formwork panels with a gap from previously constructed walls, and then concreting walls to the remaining height while filling the gaps between the walls and the ceiling (2 )

 Due to the fact that the formwork panels in this method must be floor-high and take the load from the floor slabs laid on them, for buildings with different floor heights each time they need their own formwork, and the need to absorb the vertical load requires heavier construction of the panels.

 For the prototype of the claimed invention, a method of erecting monolithic walls in the formwork between the ceilings along the height and along the erected wall is adopted between the floors by concreting from the center to the periphery. To do this, in the central zone of the wall being erected, internal and external racks are installed, formwork panels are fixed on them and they are moved from the center to the periphery along the erected wall by rotating the shields together with the inner racks relative to the axis of the outer racks (3).

 The specified method allows the use of uniform formwork boards for concreting internal walls and partitions in buildings with different distances between floors.

 However, the movement of the formwork panels by rotation relative to the uprights requires modular coordination of the width of the shield with the length of the partition, or an increase in their nomenclature. In addition, this involves the installation of panels with a double-sided working surface, which complicates, aggravates and increases the cost of formwork. The construction of extreme peripheral wall fragments requires additional protrusions, dowels, etc., to connect them to the device’s previously erected wall. elements characteristic of prefabricated monolithic structures.

 The height of the inventory racks should correspond to the distance between the floors, which prevents their unification, and the fastening of the racks to the upper and lower floors beyond the dimensions of the wall being erected requires special preparatory work before finishing after removing the racks.

 The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to create an effective method for erecting monolithic internal walls and partitions from a movable mixture (concrete, gypsum concrete) with a surface that requires a minimum of preparatory work for finishing, in a unified interchangeable formwork for buildings with various space-planning parameters.

 The technical result of the invention is to simplify the process of erecting walls and partitions in general and step by step, as well as minimizing the inventory of formwork elements and simplifying their design.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting monolithic walls between ceilings, including installing and rearranging the shield formwork in layers and along the erected wall and filling the formwork with concrete mix, previously fixed clips are fixed along the contour of the erected wall within the limits of its thickness on the ceilings and vertical structures, Facing walls. The construction of walls begins with peripheral fragments, putting opposite formwork panels to the retainers and connecting them through non-removable embedded elements from the wall material, and when rearranging, placing the boards on previously concrete sections of the wall with a bypass, and on the upper tier the boards are pressed to overlap through elastic gaskets with drainage channels. Formwork is filled under pressure through a fitting in the formwork panel.

 The conducted patent studies did not reveal a technical solution of a similar purpose, possessing in full the totality of features identical to the claimed one.

 Each of the features of the proposed method, distinguishing it from the prototype, in combination with the known helps to achieve the specified technical result.

 Placing the clamps within the wall thickness allows you to abandon the formwork fasteners outside the wall dimensions, the subsequent removal of which would require additional work on preparing the surfaces for decoration. In addition, in the operational mode, they perform the function of wall fasteners, perceiving random horizontal loads. The fastening of the formwork panels to existing vertical structures (walls or columns) provides sufficient self-stability of the peripheral fragment being erected and allows the rearranged formwork to be attached to it to continue concreting. The connection of the opposite formwork panels through the non-removable elements from the wall material, as well as their fastening to the previously constructed sections of the wall during rearrangement, ensures the solidity of the wall and the uniformity of its surface. The installation of formwork panels with the height and length bypasses on the previously constructed wall section allows, in addition to ensuring the given formwork position in space, to minimize the range of panels, using panels of the same size for building walls of different heights and lengths. Concrete pumped into the formwork through the nozzle, when concreting the upper tier, displaces air from it through the drainage channels in the compaction zone, and the appearance of concrete from them indicates the formwork is full, that is, the required mating of the constructed wall with the overlap is achieved.

 The inventive method of construction of monolithic walls or partitions between ceilings is as follows.

 After marking the axes of the walls to be erected on the ceilings and previously erected walls or supporting columns, fixators, for example, wooden blocks half the wall in width, are staggered relative to the axis of the wall. The construction of the walls begins with the lower tier of the peripheral fragments. In the area adjacent to the previously constructed wall or column, the opposite formwork panels are attached to the bars and connected with inventory ties through non-removable embedded elements from the wall material, the thickness of which corresponds to the wall thickness. In the zones of intersection of the axes of the walls being constructed, the panels are installed with the formation of the formwork for the simultaneous concreting of a monolithic fragment of the peripheral sections of the walls of two directions. The shuttering boards are equipped with sealing elements along the contour that seal the joints during the formation of the shuttering cavity, which is closed with a vertical end cap and filled with concrete mixture under pressure through a fitting with a shut-off device in the upper part of the shuttering board.

 After hardening the mixture, the formwork is moved to the next tier, partially overlapping with the shields of the previously constructed area. When concreting the last tier, jacks are installed under the shuttering boards and, with their help, the boards are pressed to the ceiling. During the pouring of the concrete mixture into the formwork cavity of the last tier, the appearance of excess concrete mixture from drainage channels indicates the filling of the cavity, indicating the need to finish supplying concrete.

 At the end of concreting the peripheral wall fragments to the full height, tiered concreting of the middle section is performed, for which the shuttering boards gain the entire length of this section with overlapping peripheral ones. Fixing the formwork, its rearrangement and other operations on the construction of the wall section is carried out similarly to that described above.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING MONOLITHIC WALLS BETWEEN CEILINGS, including installation and rearrangement of opposed formwork panels in layers and along the wall being constructed, and filling the formwork with concrete mixture, characterized in that preliminary along the contour of the wall being built, within the limits of its thickness, on ceilings and vertical structures, they fix fixed, non-removable fasteners the edges of the wall, the erection of walls begin with peripheral fragments, installing the opposite formwork panels close to the retainers and connecting them through the unremoved e fitting pieces of wall material, while permutation of panels arranged on concreted areas with bypass, and the upper tier of panels is compressed to overlap via elastic seals with drainage channels and filling the formwork is carried out under pressure through a nozzle formwork panel.