RU2019221C1 - Shot putting sportsman training apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports equipment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has rectangular frame 6 with upper part connected to carriage 5 movable along guiding beam 3. Cable 12 is wound on pulley, which is rigidly seated onto reducer pinion shaft, with reducer being fixed on rear support 1. Cable 12 is connected with its one end to frame rear part and with its other end to front part, with other end of cable running around block 14 disposed on front portion of guiding beam. Reducer gear shaft carries loading arm 17, which is fixed with its one end so that it may be rotated and fixed on this gear at different angles. Shot 10 is mounted in slide 9 for movement in vertical plane along frame 6. Rod with shot on its end is disposed in slide for axial displacement and rotational motion. EFFECT: simplified construction and increased efficiency in training. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to training devices used in sports, in particular in shot put.

 A known training device for the pushers of the core containing the core mounted on a rod placed freely in the guide tube [1].

 At the opposite end of the rod, a limiter for its movement is fixed. The tube is mounted on a sleeve freely mounted on a vertical tubular arm. The lever is rigidly connected to the means for creating a load. This tool includes a disc mounted on the lever with holes (for installation at different angles to the lever of the cargo lever with the load) and a ratchet mechanism. The ratchet dog is mounted on the disk, and the gear is mounted coaxially with the disk on the shaft mounted on the support.

 An arm with a roller is fixed on the sleeve opposite to the tube. The roller is placed in a C-shaped guide mounted on a lever parallel to it with jumpers.

 The load lever is fixed in the holes of the disc with a bolt.

 To release the gear from the dog, the latter is equipped with a traction cable. And this device has certain disadvantages.

 In particular, the direct fastening of the vertical lever (on which the core is located) and the cargo lever on the rotating disk does not contribute to creating the maximum convenience for performing the exercise and increasing the efficiency of the athlete's motor actions when overcoming various resistance modes.

 In addition, with the use of this device, all the variable resistance modes are not realized in pure form, due to the fact that during the exercise the core moves along the vertical lever. At this time, the point of application of force to the vertical arm is removed from the axis of its rotation. There is an increase in the lever arm (force), and this in turn causes an increase in the moment of the pushing force. For this reason, the muscles of the nuclear pusher cannot receive (feel) the programmed one or another regime of variable resistance created by the rotation of the lever with the load. This applies primarily to the process of implementing the regime of increasing resistance.

 The prototype is a device for pushing the core, containing supports mounted at a distance from each other, bearing a guide beam adjustable in angle of inclination with the carriage and the core on it, connected by a cable and a pulley with a lever shaft mounted on the rear support with a load [2].

 This device reproduces only the rectilinear component of the trajectory of the brush with the core, i.e. creates tough training conditions.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of training by clearly implementing the athlete overcoming various variable resistance modes.

 To achieve this goal, a rectangular frame is provided in the device, which is connected to the top with a carriage mounted on a guide beam (for example, an I-beam), a cable wound on a pulley mounted rigidly on a shaft of a small gear wheel mounted on a rear support. The cable at one end connects to the rectangular frame at the rear, and at the other, around the block located on the front of the guide beam, is fixed at the front.

 On the axis of the side gear of the gearbox, one end of the load lever is fixed with the possibility of rotation and fixing on the same gear at different angles.

 In addition, to ensure the movement of the core in the vertical plane and to eliminate its rotational movement around the vertical axis of the slider, the latter, containing a rod, at the end of which the core is placed, is fixed on the vertical sides of the rectangular frame with the possibility of moving it along them.

 In figure 1, 2 shows the proposed device.

 The device consists of vertical supports 1, welded to the base 2, the guide 3, made in the form of an I-beam and mounted on vertical supports 1, a bolt 4 for fixing the front end of the guide beam 3 at different heights when changing the angle of its position in space; a carriage 5 moving and supporting a rectangular frame 6; discs 7, mounted on a bracket 8, welded to a rectangular frame 6; a slider 9 mounted on a rectangular frame with the ability to move it along its vertical sides (pipes) up and down; the core 10, mounted on the rod 11 with the possibility of rotation around the last one (the other end of the rod is horizontally passed into the hole of the slider 9), the cable 12, one end of which is wound several turns on the pulley 13 and mounted on a rectangular frame, and the other end, around the block 14 is connected to the same frame in front. Block 14 is placed on the upper end of the guide. The pulley 13 is coaxially connected to the small gear of the gearbox 15, and the end of the lever 17 with the possibility of rotation is mounted on the shaft 16 of the large gear.

 A spring-loaded cotter pin 18 is fixed between the ends of the lever 17. Using this cotter pin and the holes on the large gear of the gearbox 15, the lever 17 is fixed on the same gear.

 At the free (from the shaft 16 of the large gear) the end of the lever 17 fixed loads 19.

 The operation of the device. Before you begin the exercise on the device, you need to install the guide 3 at the required angle. To do this, loosen the bolt 4, raise or lower the upper end of the rail 3 and re-secure it to the vertical support 1 with the bolt 4. The carriage must be in the lowest position.

 Then set the lever in one or another initial position (to do this, press cotter pin 18, turn the lever to the desired position, release the cotter pin and put on the lever loads 19 of the required mass. Each time the load 19 is installed, the resistance of the device is measured using a dynamometer. the dynamometer is attached at one end to the middle of the front of the carriage 5 using a cable and pulls smoothly along the guide until the lever starts to move. The dynamometer readings are fixed. Thus, by measuring the resistance of the simulator at certain degrees of rotation of the lever, the simulator is set resistance force over the whole motion of the nucleus in a final effort phase.

In the proposed embodiment, the gearbox and the pulley are made so that the rotation of the lever through an angle of 90 ^about corresponds to the movement of the carriage 5 with a rectangular frame 6 equal to 1500 mm This distance approximately corresponds to the movement of the athlete’s hand in the phase of the final effort. The core used in the device is competitive in volume, and its mass, together with the slider 3, is much smaller.

 We explain the operation principle of the device using the example of the shot put (the device is designed to perform the phase of the final effort) with overcoming the smoothly changing resistance, for example, in an increasing mode.

 Before starting the exercise, the lever 17 with the load 19 is installed vertically down.

 With the lower vertical position of the lever 17 with the load 19, their resistance is zero. In the course of the final effort, the resistance created by the movement of the core and the carriage increases and reaches its maximum at the moment when the load lever is in the right extreme position. The increase in resistance occurs due to the fact that when the lever tends to the right extreme position, the shoulder of the resistance force of the load 19 increases, accordingly, the moment of its resistance increases.

 In accordance with the movement of the brush, the core can move in all three planes and rotate around its axis. This is possible due to the movement of the slider 9 with the rod 11 on the vertical sides of the rectangular frame up and down, the movement of the carriage 6 with the slider 9 and the rod 11 along the guide beam 3 back and forth and the movement of the rod in the slider to the right and left, and also due to its rotation ( rod) around its axis, and the core itself - around the rod left and right.

 The rotation of the rod around the vertical axis is prevented by the fact that the slider in which it was located is fixed movably up and down on the vertical sides of the rectangular frame.

 The mode of diminishing resistance occurs throughout the phase of the final effort during the rotation of the lever from the right extreme position to the adoption of its upper vertical position.

 When the lever rotates from the upper vertical position to the left extreme horizontal position, a mode of increasing relief occurs.

 During rotation of the lever from the left extreme horizontal position to the lower vertical position, diminishing movement facilitation occurs.

 In addition to the above resistance and relief modes, their combined variants are also possible.

 In the initial position of the lever between the lower part of the vertical line and the right part of the horizontal line passing through the center of the large gear of the gearbox, increasing resistance is provided with a transition to a decreasing one.

 To provide decreasing resistance with the transition to increasing relief, it is necessary to place the lever between the right side of the horizontal line and the upper part of the vertical line.

 In the initial position of the lever between the upper part of the vertical line and the left part of the horizontal, a mode of increasing relief occurs with a transition to diminishing movement relief.

 At the initial position of the lever between the left part of the horizontal line and the lower part of the vertical line, a mode of diminishing relief is created with a transition to an increasing mode of resistance.

 If you disconnect the lever from the gear, you can perform exercises in constant resistance mode. In this case, you can change the resistance by changing the number of cargo disks 7 on the bracket 8.

 Thus, the use of the proposed device allows the exercise in nine modes of resistance and relief, while creating the necessary direction of movement and preserving the four degrees of freedom of movement of the core.

 An increase or decrease in the load on the athlete’s muscles in the vertical and horizontal planes is carried out by changing the ratios of the weight of the core and cargo disks on the lever or bracket.

 Using this device, the conditions for effective control of the force, speed and movement of the nucleus in the phase of the final effort are created.

Claims (2)

 1. A DEVICE FOR TRAINING KERNEL PUSHERS, containing supports mounted at a distance from each other, bearing a guide beam adjustable in angle of inclination with a carriage and core on it, connected by a cable and a pulley with a lever shaft mounted on the rear support with a load, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of training by clearly implementing the athlete’s overcoming of various variable resistance modes, it is equipped with a gearbox located between the pulley and the lever with the load, the small gear of which is rigidly connected on with a pulley, a rectangular frame with a slider on its vertical sides and an axially movable shaft axially movable with rotation, the frame is connected with the carriage by the upper part, the core is freely mounted on the slider bar, and the cable is attached to the carriage with the other end in front and covers the block mounted on the front of the guide beam.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever with the load is mounted on a large gear of the gearbox with the possibility of rearrangement in the initial position and fixation at different angles.

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