RU2018118386A - Сендвичная структура, содержащая вакуумную изоляционную панель, и способ ее получения - Google Patents

Сендвичная структура, содержащая вакуумную изоляционную панель, и способ ее получения Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2018118386A
RU2018118386A RU2018118386A RU2018118386A RU2018118386A RU 2018118386 A RU2018118386 A RU 2018118386A RU 2018118386 A RU2018118386 A RU 2018118386A RU 2018118386 A RU2018118386 A RU 2018118386A RU 2018118386 A RU2018118386 A RU 2018118386A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
reaction mixture
polyurethane foam
rigid polyurethane
coating layer
composite element
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Application number
RU2018118386A
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English (en)
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RU2018118386A3 (ru
Inventor
Марк ФРИККЕ
Нильс МОМЕЙЕР
Йорг КРОГМАНН
Марк ЭЛЬБИНГ
Юрген БООС
Йоханн КЛАССЕН
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Басф Се
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Publication of RU2018118386A publication Critical patent/RU2018118386A/ru
Publication of RU2018118386A3 publication Critical patent/RU2018118386A3/ru

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/1228—Joining preformed parts by the expanding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/35—Component parts; Details or accessories
    • B29C44/351—Means for preventing foam to leak out from the foaming device during foaming
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    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Claims (27)

1. Способ изготовления композитных элементов, содержащих первый и второй покровный слой, вакуумную изоляционную панель между обоими покровными слоями, жесткий пенополиуретан в контакте с первым покровным слоем и нижней стороной вакуумной изоляционной панели, а также жесткий пенополиуретан в контакте со вторым покровным слоем и верхней стороной вакуумной изоляционной панели, включающий следующие стадии:
(i) нанесение на первый покровный слой реакционной смеси (R1) для получения жесткого пенополиуретана,
(ii) приведение в контакт нижней стороны вакуумной изоляционной панели с неотвержденной реакционной смесью (R1),
(iii) нанесение на верхнюю сторону вакуумной изоляционной панели реакционной смеси (R2) для получения жесткого пенополиуретана,
(iv) приведение в контакт второго покровного слоя со слоем неотвержденной реакционной смеси (R2),
(v) отверждение обеих систем жестких пенополиуретанов (R1) и (R2) с получением композитного элемента,
причем реакционная смесь (R1) и (R2) содержит следующие компоненты
A) по меньшей мере один полиизоцианат,
B) по меньшей мере одно многофункциональное соединение, реакционноспособное по отношению к изоцианатам,
C) по меньшей мере один вспенивающий агент,
D) по меньшей мере один катализатор,
E) при необходимости стабилизаторы пены и
F) при необходимости дополнительные вспомогательные средства и/или добавки, и
причем состав реакционной смеси (R1) и реакционной смеси (R2) отличается друг от друга в отношении по меньшей мере одного из компонентов от В) до F).
2. Способ по п. 1, причем реакционную смесь (R2) наносят, когда реакционная смесь (R1) не отверждена.
3. Способ по п. 1, причем компоненты А) - F) выбирают таким образом, что получают пенополиуретан с закрытыми ячейками, имеющий объемную плотность при свободном вспенивании согласно DIN 53420 в диапазоне от 30 до 400 г/л и прочность на сжатие согласно DIN ISO 844 EN DE (2014-11) более 140 кПа.
4. Способ по п. 1, причем в качестве единственного вспенивающего агента С) используют воду.
5. Способ по п. 1, причем используемое количество воды, в пересчете на общую массу компонентов от В) до F), находится в диапазоне от 0,05 до 4% масс.
6. Способ по п. 1, причем объемная плотность при свободном вспенивании согласно DIN 53420 жесткого пенополиуретана, полученного из реакционной смеси (R1), или жесткого пенополиуретана, полученного из реакционной смеси (R2), в композитном элементе или жесткого пенополиуретана, полученного из реакционной смеси (R1) и реакционной смеси (R2), находится в диапазоне от 30 до 400 г/л.
7. Способ по п. 1, причем компонент В) содержит по меньшей мере один простой полиэфирполиол с функциональностью от 3 до 6 и гидроксильным числом в диапазоне от 300 до 500.
8. Способ по п. 1, причем нанесение неотвержденной реакционной смеси (R1) проводят в устройстве, которое выполнено таким образом, что предотвращается вытекание исходных соединений за пределы первого покровного слоя.
9. Способ по п. 8, причем указанное устройство представляет собой пресс.
10. Способ по п. 1, причем стадию (v) проводят при температуре в диапазоне от 35 до 80°С.
11. Способ по п. 1, причем стадию (v) проводят в прессе.
12. Способ по одному из пп. 1-11, причем композитный элемент представляет собой деталь холодильника или сэндвичный элемент.
13. Композитный элемент, получаемый или полученный посредством способа по одному из пп. 1-12.
14. Применение композитного элемента по п. 13 или композитного элемента, получаемого или полученного посредством способа по одному из пп. 1-12 в качестве деталей для охлаждающих приборов или в качестве строительного материала.
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