RU2017110052A - DOUBLE SYSTEM WITH MIXED REFRIGERANT - Google Patents

DOUBLE SYSTEM WITH MIXED REFRIGERANT Download PDF

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RU2017110052A
RU2017110052A RU2017110052A RU2017110052A RU2017110052A RU 2017110052 A RU2017110052 A RU 2017110052A RU 2017110052 A RU2017110052 A RU 2017110052A RU 2017110052 A RU2017110052 A RU 2017110052A RU 2017110052 A RU2017110052 A RU 2017110052A
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mixed refrigerant
feed stream
cooling
cooling system
expanded
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RU2017110052A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2696662C2 (en
RU2017110052A3 (en
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Дженнифер Лорен СЕТТЕР
Тайсон Дуглас МИЛЛЕР
Дэвид Дуглас МИЛЛЕР
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Блэк Энд Витч Холдинг Компани
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0057—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream after expansion of the liquid refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
    • F25J1/0238—Purification or treatment step is integrated within one refrigeration cycle only, i.e. the same or single refrigeration cycle provides feed gas cooling (if present) and overhead gas cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (44)

1. Способ сжижения углеводородсодержащего газа, включающий:1. A method of liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing gas, comprising: (a) введение первого смешанного хладагента и подаваемого потока, содержащего углеводородсодержащий газ, в первую систему охлаждения;(a) introducing a first mixed refrigerant and a feed stream containing a hydrocarbon-containing gas into the first cooling system; (b) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части подаваемого потока в первой системе охлаждения посредством косвенного теплообмена с первым смешанным хладагентом с образованием первого охлажденного подаваемого потока;(b) cooling at least a portion of the feed stream in the first cooling system by indirect heat exchange with the first mixed refrigerant to form a first cooled feed stream; (c) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части первого охлажденного подаваемого потока во второй системе охлаждения посредством косвенного теплообмена со вторым смешанным хладагентом с образованием второго охлажденного подаваемого потока;(c) cooling at least a portion of the first chilled feed stream in a second cooling system by indirect heat exchange with a second mixed refrigerant to form a second chilled feed stream; (d) расширение, по меньшей мере, части первого охлажденного подаваемого потока или второго охлажденного подаваемого потока в турбодетандере с образованием расширенного подаваемого потока;(d) expanding at least a portion of a first cooled feed stream or a second cooled feed stream in a turboexpander to form an expanded feed stream; (e) разделение, по меньшей мере, части расширенного подаваемого потока в сепараторе с образованием паровой головной фракции и жидкой донной фракции;(e) separating at least a portion of the expanded feed stream in the separator to form a vapor head fraction and a liquid bottom fraction; (f) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части паровой головной фракции в первой системе охлаждения или во второй системе охлаждения; и(f) cooling at least a portion of the vapor head fraction in the first cooling system or in the second cooling system; and g) приведение в действие компрессора с помощью турбодетандера.g) actuation of the compressor by means of a turboexpander. 2. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий расширение, по меньшей мере, части первого смешанного хладагента с образованием расширенного первого смешанного хладагента, где расширенный первый смешанный хладагент используется в качестве первого смешанного хладагента во время охлаждения на стадии (b).2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising expanding at least a portion of the first mixed refrigerant to form an expanded first mixed refrigerant, wherein the expanded first mixed refrigerant is used as the first mixed refrigerant during cooling in step (b). 3. Способ по п.2, дополнительно включающий переохлаждение, по меньшей мере, части первого смешанного хладагента на стадии (b) с образованием переохлажденного первого смешанного хладагента, где переохлажденный первый смешанный хладагент представляет собой первый смешанный хладагент, который подвергается воздействию расширения.3. The method of claim 2, further comprising supercooling at least a portion of the first mixed refrigerant in step (b) to form a supercooled first mixed refrigerant, wherein the supercooled first mixed refrigerant is a first mixed refrigerant that is exposed to expansion. 4. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий расширение, по меньшей мере, части второго смешанного хладагента с образованием второго смешанного хладагента, где расширенный второй смешанный хладагент используется в качестве второго смешанного хладагента во время охлаждения на стадии (c).4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising expanding at least a portion of the second mixed refrigerant to form a second mixed refrigerant, wherein the expanded second mixed refrigerant is used as the second mixed refrigerant during cooling in step (c). 5. Способ по п.4, дополнительно включающий переохлаждение, по меньшей мере, части второго смешанного хладагента на стадии (c) с образованием переохлажденного второго смешанного хладагента, где переохлажденный второй смешанный хладагент представляет собой второй смешанный хладагент, который подвергается воздействию расширения.5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising supercooling at least a portion of the second mixed refrigerant in step (c) to form a supercooled second mixed refrigerant, wherein the supercooled second mixed refrigerant is a second mixed refrigerant that is exposed to expansion. 6. Способ по п.1, в котором первый охлажденный подаваемый поток расширяется во время расширения на стадии (d), где паровая головная фракция охлаждается в первой системе охлаждения.6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first cooled feed stream expands during expansion in step (d), where the vapor head fraction is cooled in the first cooling system. 7. Способ по п.1, в котором второй охлажденный подаваемый поток расширяется во время расширения на стадии (d), где паровая головная фракция охлаждается во второй системе охлаждения.7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second cooled feed stream expands during expansion in step (d), where the vapor head fraction is cooled in a second cooling system. 8. Способ по п.1, в котором компрессор сжимает, по меньшей мере, часть первого смешанного хладагента.8. The method of claim 1, wherein the compressor compresses at least a portion of the first mixed refrigerant. 9. Способ по п.1, в котором компрессор сжимает, по меньшей мере, часть второго смешанного хладагента.9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compressor compresses at least a portion of the second mixed refrigerant. 10. Способ по п.1, в котором компрессор сжимает, по меньшей мере, часть паровой головной фракции до охлаждения на стадии (f).10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compressor compresses at least a portion of the vapor head fraction prior to cooling in step (f). 11. Способ сжижения углеводородсодержащего газа, включающий:11. A method of liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing gas, comprising: (a) введение первого смешанного хладагента, и подаваемого потока, содержащих углеводородсодержащий газ в первую систему охлаждения;(a) introducing a first mixed refrigerant and a feed stream containing a hydrocarbon-containing gas into the first cooling system; (b) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части подаваемого потока в первой системе охлаждения посредством косвенного теплообмена с первым смешанным хладагентом с образованием первого охлажденного подаваемого потока;(b) cooling at least a portion of the feed stream in the first cooling system by indirect heat exchange with the first mixed refrigerant to form a first cooled feed stream; (c) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части первого охлажденного подаваемого потока во второй системе охлаждения посредством косвенного теплообмена со вторым смешанным хладагентом с образованием второго охлажденного подаваемого потока;(c) cooling at least a portion of the first chilled feed stream in a second cooling system by indirect heat exchange with a second mixed refrigerant to form a second chilled feed stream; (d) разделение, по меньшей мере, части второго охлажденного подаваемого потока в сепараторе с образованием паровой головной фракции и жидкой донной фракции; и(d) separating at least a portion of the second cooled feed stream in a separator to form a vapor head fraction and a liquid bottom fraction; and (e) охлаждение, по меньшей мере, части паровой головной фракции в первой системе охлаждения или во второй системе охлаждения.(e) cooling at least a portion of the vapor head fraction in the first cooling system or in the second cooling system. 12. Способ по п.11, дополнительно включающий расширение, по меньшей мере, части первого смешанного хладагента с образованием расширенного первого смешанного хладагента, при этом расширенный первый смешанный хладагент используется в качестве первого смешанного хладагента во время охлаждения на стадии (b).12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising expanding at least a portion of the first mixed refrigerant to form an expanded first mixed refrigerant, wherein the expanded first mixed refrigerant is used as the first mixed refrigerant during cooling in step (b). 13. Способ по п.12, дополнительно включающий переохлаждение, по меньшей мере, части первого смешанного хладагента на стадии (b) с образованием переохлажденного первого смешанного хладагента, причем переохлажденный первый смешанный хладагент представляет собой первый смешанный хладагент, который подвергается воздействию расширения.13. The method of claim 12, further comprising supercooling at least a portion of the first mixed refrigerant in step (b) to form a supercooled first mixed refrigerant, wherein the supercooled first mixed refrigerant is a first mixed refrigerant that is exposed to expansion. 14. Способ по п.11, дополнительно включающий расширение, по меньшей мере, части второго смешанного хладагента с образованием расширенного второго смешанного хладагента, причем расширенный второй смешанный хладагент используется в качестве второго смешанного хладагента во время охлаждения на стадии (c).14. The method according to claim 11, further comprising expanding at least a portion of the second mixed refrigerant to form an expanded second mixed refrigerant, wherein the expanded second mixed refrigerant is used as the second mixed refrigerant during cooling in step (c). 15. Способ по п.14, дополнительно включающий переохлаждение, по меньшей мере, части второго смешанного хладагента на стадии (c) с образованием переохлажденного второго смешанного хладагента, причем переохлажденный второй смешанный хладагент представляет собой второй смешанный хладагент, который подвергается воздействию расширения.15. The method of claim 14, further comprising supercooling at least a portion of the second mixed refrigerant in step (c) to form a supercooled second mixed refrigerant, wherein the supercooled second mixed refrigerant is a second mixed refrigerant,which the exposed to expansion. 16. Способ по п.11, дополнительно включающий расширение, по меньшей мере, части второго охлажденного подаваемого потока в турбодетандере с образованием расширенного подаваемого потока, при этом расширенный подаваемый поток представляет собой второй охлажденный подаваемый поток при разделении на стадии (d).16. The method according to claim 11, further comprising expanding at least a portion of the second cooled feed stream in a turboexpander to form an expanded feed stream, wherein the expanded feed stream is a second cooled feed stream during separation in step (d). 17. Способ по п.16, дополнительно включающий использование компрессора, по меньшей мере, частично приводимого в действие турбодетандером, при этом компрессор, по меньшей мере, частично сжимает первый смешанный хладагент, второй смешанный хладагент или паровую головную фракцию.17. The method according to clause 16, further comprising using a compressor at least partially driven by a turboexpander, the compressor at least partially compressing the first mixed refrigerant, the second mixed refrigerant or vapor head fraction. 18. Способ по п.17, в котором компрессор, по меньшей мере, частично сжимает первый смешанный хладагент.18. The method according to 17, in which the compressor at least partially compresses the first mixed refrigerant. 19. Способ по п.17, в котором компрессор, по меньшей мере, частично сжимает второй смешанный хладагент.19. The method according to 17, in which the compressor at least partially compresses the second mixed refrigerant. 20. Способ по п.17, в котором компрессор, по меньшей мере, частично сжимает паровую головную фракцию.20. The method according to 17, in which the compressor at least partially compresses the vapor head fraction. 21. Способ по п.11, охлаждающий, по меньшей мере, часть паровой головной фракции во второй системе охлаждения.21. The method according to claim 11, cooling at least a portion of the vapor head fraction in the second cooling system. 22. Система для сжижения углеводородсодержащего газа, содержащая:22. A system for liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing gas, comprising: (a) первую систему охлаждения, содержащую первую зону охлаждения, расположенную в ней, причем первая зона охлаждения выполнена с возможностью охлаждения подаваемого потока, содержащего углеводородсодержащий газ, посредством косвенного теплообмена с первым смешанным хладагентом с образованием первого охлажденного подаваемого потока;(a) a first cooling system comprising a first cooling zone disposed therein, wherein the first cooling zone is configured to cool a feed stream containing a hydrocarbon-containing gas by indirect heat exchange with a first mixed refrigerant to form a first cooled feed stream; (b) первый замкнутый смешанный контур охлаждения, по меньшей мере, частично расположенный в первой системе охлаждения, при этом первый замкнутый смешанный контур охлаждения содержит первый смешанный хладагент;(b) a first closed mixed cooling circuit at least partially located in the first cooling system, wherein the first closed mixed cooling circuit comprises a first mixed refrigerant; (c) вторую систему охлаждения в сообщении по текучей среде с первой системой охлаждения, причем вторая система охлаждения содержит вторую зону охлаждения, расположенную в ней, при этом вторая зона охлаждения выполнена с возможностью охлаждения первого охлажденного подаваемого потока посредством косвенного теплообмена со вторым смешанным хладагентом с образованием второго охлажденного подаваемого потока; и(c) a second cooling system in fluid communication with the first cooling system, the second cooling system comprising a second cooling zone disposed therein, wherein the second cooling zone is configured to cool the first cooled feed stream by indirect heat exchange with a second mixed refrigerant with the formation of a second cooled feed stream; and (d) второй замкнутый смешанный контур охлаждения, по меньшей мере, частично расположенный во второй системе охлаждения, причем второй замкнутый смешанный контур охлаждения содержит второй смешанный хладагент;(d) a second closed mixed cooling circuit at least partially located in the second cooling system, wherein the second closed mixed cooling circuit comprises a second mixed refrigerant; (e) турбодетандер в сообщении по текучей среде с первой системой охлаждения или второй системой охлаждения, причем турбодетандер выполнен с возможностью расширения первого охлажденного подаваемого потока или второго охлажденного подаваемого потока в расширенный поток;(e) a turbo expander in fluid communication with a first cooling system or a second cooling system, wherein the turbo expander is configured to expand the first chilled feed stream or the second chilled feed stream into the expanded stream; (f) сепаратор в сообщении по текучей среде с турбодетандером, причем сепаратор выполнен с возможностью разделения расширенного потока на паровую головную фракцию и жидкую донную фракцию;(f) a separator in fluid communication with a turboexpander, the separator being configured to separate the expanded stream into a vapor head fraction and a liquid bottom fraction; (g) трубопровод для возвращения, по меньшей мере, части паровой головной фракции в первую систему охлаждения или во вторую систему охлаждения; и(g) a conduit for returning at least a portion of the vapor head fraction to the first cooling system or to the second cooling system; and (h) компрессор, по меньшей мере, частично приводимый в действие от работы, получаемой от турбодетандера, при этом компрессор выполнен с возможностью, по меньшей мере, частичного сжатия первого смешанного хладагента, второго смешанного хладагента или паровой головной фракции.(h) a compressor at least partially driven by operation obtained from a turboexpander, wherein the compressor is configured to at least partially compress the first mixed refrigerant, the second mixed refrigerant or vapor head fraction. 23. Система по п.22, в которой турбодетандер находится в сообщении по текучей среде с первой системой охлаждения, и трубопровод возвращает, по меньшей мере, часть паровой головной фракции в первую систему охлаждения.23. The system of claim 22, wherein the turboexpander is in fluid communication with the first cooling system, and the pipeline returns at least a portion of the vapor head fraction to the first cooling system. 24. Система по п.22, в которой турбодетандер находится в сообщении по текучей среде со второй системой охлаждения, и трубопровод возвращает, по меньшей мере, часть паровой головной фракции во вторую систему охлаждения.24. The system of claim 22, wherein the turboexpander is in fluid communication with the second cooling system, and the pipeline returns at least a portion of the vapor head fraction to the second cooling system.
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