JP2016505793A5

JP2016505793A5 -

Info

Publication number: JP2016505793A5
Application number: JP2015543082A
Authority: JP
Filing date: 2013-11-01
Publication date: 2017-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-01

Description

節約装置２０２に由来する液体冷媒２０６は、第２の膨張弁２１４を通過して等エンタルピーにより膨張することができる。膨張すると、いくらかの気化が発生して、蒸気および液体の両方を含む冷媒混合物２１６を生じ、温度および圧力を低減することができる。
冷媒混合物２１６は、節約装置を含まないシステムにおける冷媒混合物よりも高い液体含量を有することになる。液体含量がより高いことにより、冷媒循環速度を低減することができ、かつ／または第１の圧縮器２１０の電力使用量を低減することができる。
冷媒混合物２１６は、プロセスストリーム１１６が冷却されるべき温度よりも低い温度の、蒸発器としても公知の冷やす装置１０４に入る。プロセスストリーム１１６は、図１に関して論じた通り、冷やす装置１０４内で冷却される。さらに、飽和蒸気冷媒１１８は、圧縮器２１０および２１２ならびに凝縮器１０８を介して流れ、結果として生じる液体冷媒１２０は、図１に関して論じた通り、蓄積器１１０内に保存される。 The liquid refrigerant 206 derived from the saving device 202 can be expanded by isoenthalpy through the second expansion valve 214. Upon expansion, some vaporization occurs, producing a refrigerant mixture 216 that includes both vapor and liquid, which can reduce temperature and pressure.
Cooling mixture 216 will have a high liquid content than the refrigerant mixture in the system without the economizer. A higher liquid content can reduce the refrigerant circulation rate and / or reduce the power usage of the first compressor 210.
The refrigerant mixture 216 enters a cooling device 104, also known as an evaporator, at a temperature below that at which the process stream 116 is to be cooled. Process stream 116 is cooled in chilling apparatus 104 as discussed with respect to FIG. Further, saturated vapor refrigerant 118 flows through compressors 210 and 212 and condenser 108 and the resulting liquid refrigerant 120 is stored in accumulator 110 as discussed with respect to FIG.

Claims

A first fluorocarbon refrigeration system configured to cool natural gas using a first fluorocarbon refrigerant ,
A compressor configured to compress the first fluorocarbon refrigerant to provide a compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant;
A cooling device configured to cool the compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant by indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid;
The compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant is expanded to cool the compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant, thereby producing a cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant. With a valve,
A conserving device configured to separate a vapor portion of the cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant and a liquid portion of the cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant;
A heat exchanger configured to cool natural gas via indirect heat exchange with the liquid portion of the cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant;
A first fluorocarbon refrigeration system , comprising:
A second fluorocarbon refrigeration system configured to further cool natural gas using a second fluorocarbon refrigerant;
Liquefied natural gas, comprising a nitrogen refrigeration system configured to cool natural gas using nitrogen refrigerant to produce LNG, and a nitrogen removal unit configured to remove nitrogen from LNG LNG) hydrocarbon treatment system.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system is configured to cool the second fluorocarbon refrigerant of the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorinated carbon refrigeration system or the second fluorinated carbon refrigeration system, or both, is configured to cool the nitrogen refrigerant of the nitrogen refrigeration system.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system or the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system, or both, comprises a plurality of refrigeration cycles.

The hydrocarbon treatment of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen refrigeration system includes a plurality of heat exchangers configured to cool the natural gas via indirect heat exchange between the natural gas and the nitrogen refrigerant. system.

The second fluorocarbon refrigeration system
A compressor configured to compress the second fluorocarbon refrigerant to provide a compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant;
A cooling device configured to cool the compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant by indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid;
Configured to expand the compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant and to cool the compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant, thereby producing a cooled second fluorocarbon refrigerant. And a heat exchanger configured to cool natural gas via indirect heat exchange with a cooled second fluorocarbon refrigerant. Processing system.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorocarbon refrigerant comprises R-410A.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the second fluorocarbon refrigerant comprises R-508B.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first or second fluorocarbon refrigerant, or both, comprises a non-toxic non-flammable refrigerant.

The hydrocarbon processing system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system or the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system, or both, includes two or more chillers and two or more compressors.

The hydrocarbon treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system and the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system are implemented in series.

The hydrocarbon treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen refrigerant is in a gas phase.

The hydrocarbon processing system of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen refrigeration system comprises two or more chillers, two or more expanders, and two or more compressors.

Cooling the natural gas with a first fluorocarbon refrigeration system comprising :
Compressing the first fluorocarbon refrigerant to provide a compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant;
The compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant may be cooled by indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid;
Expanding the compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant to cool the compressed first fluorocarbon refrigerant, thereby producing an expanded and cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant; When,
Separating a vapor portion of the expanded and cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant from a liquid portion of the expanded and cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant in a conserving device;
Passing the expanded and cooled liquid portion of the first fluorocarbon refrigerant through a first heat exchange region;
Natural gas may be compressed,
Natural gas may be cooled by indirect heat exchange with an external cooling fluid;
Heat exchanging natural gas using a liquid portion of the expanded and cooled first fluorocarbon refrigerant;
Including steps,
Cooling natural gas in a second fluorocarbon refrigeration system;
Liquefying natural gas in a nitrogen refrigeration system to form LNG;
Removing nitrogen from the LNG with a nitrogen removal unit. A method for forming liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The method of claim 14 , comprising cooling the second fluorocarbon refrigerant of the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system in the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system.

15. The method of claim 14 , comprising cooling the nitrogen refrigerant of the nitrogen refrigeration system within the first fluorinated carbon refrigeration system or the second fluorinated carbon refrigeration system, or both.

Cooling the natural gas in the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system,
Compressing the second fluorocarbon refrigerant to provide a compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant; and compressing the second fluorocarbon refrigerant by indirect heat exchange with the cooling fluid. Can be cooled,
Expanding the compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant to cool the compressed second fluorocarbon refrigerant, thereby generating an expanded and cooled second fluorocarbon refrigerant;
Passing the expanded and cooled second fluorocarbon refrigerant through the first heat exchange region, compressing natural gas,
The natural gas may be cooled by indirect heat exchange with an external cooling fluid, and the natural gas may be heat exchanged with an expanded and cooled second fluorocarbon refrigerant, The method according to claim 14 .

The method of claim 14 , comprising maintaining the nitrogen refrigerant of the nitrogen refrigeration system in a gas phase using one or more expansion turbines.

15. The method of claim 14 , comprising cooling natural gas in the first fluorocarbon refrigeration system or the second fluorocarbon refrigeration system, or both, using two or more refrigeration stages.

15. The method of claim 14 , comprising liquefying natural gas in a nitrogen refrigeration system using one or more refrigeration stages.