CN109628067A - A kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant - Google Patents
A kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN109628067A CN109628067A CN201710930500.9A CN201710930500A CN109628067A CN 109628067 A CN109628067 A CN 109628067A CN 201710930500 A CN201710930500 A CN 201710930500A CN 109628067 A CN109628067 A CN 109628067A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/042—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerants, the modifying agent of Explosion suppressant and 3%-5% including lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant and the 1%-3% for accounting for lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant total amount；Above-mentioned lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant, Explosion suppressant and modifying agent are mixed by mass fraction proportion, three kinds of nitrogen, methane and ethane gases are selected again, it is produced cold by the liquid phase that first separation and second separator go out through liquid phase throttle valve, residual air is cooling using subcooler, liquefies, throttling again, it is cold to produce, and finally obtains environment friendly refrigerating fluid.Its physical and chemical index charging amount only has the 38%-40% of freon, since its molecular weight is small, good flowing properties, evaporation potential is bigger, and refrigeration effect is obvious, and to ozone layer without destruction, greenhouse effects are almost O, more energy saving, environmental protection, since raw material have inflammable and explosive characteristic, increase modifying agent and Explosion suppressant in mixture, and increase acid smell warning gas, makes product more safe and reliable in the application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerant technology field, specially a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant.
Background technique
The refrigerant that overwhelming majority household electrical appliances use at present is R22 refrigerant (dicholorodifluoromethane is commonly called as freon)
And R134a(1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane), to protect ozone layer and reducing greenhouse effects, " the Montreal come into force in 1987
Protocol " require it is mandatory be phased out fluorinated refrigerant, the year two thousand thirty realize except repair and specific use in addition to eliminate completely.I
State is just in research promotion application environment friendly refrigerating fluid.Environment friendly refrigerating fluid refer to the single compound be made of low-carbon paraffin or
Multicomponent mixture, the most common carbon-hydrogen refrigerant are or mixtures thereof propane, iso-butane.Carbon-hydrogen refrigerant does not damage ozone
Layer, no greenhouse effects have that natural environmental-protective, energy-efficient, refrigeration is high-quality, dart of saving money, the mixed rate of oil are high, widely applicable etc. excellent
Point is the refrigerant of most application prospect.
Chlorofluorocarbon, such as dichlorodifluoromethane (dichlorodifluoromethane) and monochlorodifluoromethane
(monochlorodifluoromethane), for example, being already used to the refrigerant as air-conditioning, refrigerator etc..Such ingredient
Also it be used to clean or clean the double duties such as precise part such as semiconductor chip.Chlorofluorocarbon is comparatively safe due to theirs
Not flammability, high stability and hypotoxicity be widely used.However, it is known that chlorofluorocarbon helps to damage the earth
Ozone layer, thus dangerous influence can be generated to global environment.For this reason, the production of chlorofluorocarbon and using also
Through gradually decreasing, only a small amount of chlorofluorocarbon is being used now.
It is used as refrigerant and detergent now with the substitute of various chlorofluorocarbons.Hydrofluorocarbon
(Hydrofluorocarbons, HFCs), for example, HFA 134a and 1,1,1- trifluoroethane is presently used for substituting
Chlorofluorocarbon.However hydrofluorocarbon (HFCs) also causes the degeneration of ozone layer, although smaller.In addition, hydrofluorocarbon (HFCs) is as temperature
Room gas, the problem of will cause global warming.
It currently studies using hydrocarbon mixtures and replaces chlorofluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon, since they are to environment
Influence be relatively benign.Traditional hydrocarbon components are usually used in combination with chlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon etc., because
This, can still generate environmental risk to a certain degree.Therefore, it is necessary to hydrocarbon compositions independently to make as refrigerant
With.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant, not only high cooling efficiency, the feature of environmental protection
It is excellent, and there is reliable intrinsic safety, effectively prevent a possibility that carbon-hydrogen refrigerant explodes, is suitable for air conditioner, electric ice
The various refrigeration equipments such as case and refrigerator, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant, including
Lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant and account for lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant total amount 1%-3% Explosion suppressant and to account for lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant total
The modifying agent of the 3%-5% of amount；The lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant uses the propane and iso-butane, normal butane mixing group of high-purity
At wherein the ratio of propane is 38%-40%, and the ratio of iso-butane and normal butane is 60%-62%；The Explosion suppressant is by tetramethyl
One of lead, lead tetraethide and iron pentacarbonyl or more than one arbitrary proportion combined hybrids form；The modifying agent is by quality
Than thiophene derivant, 19-95 parts of pyridine or the methylation pyridine and 0.01-2 parts of antioxidant mixing group for 4-80 parts
At.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ratio of the iso-butane and normal butane is 1-4:3.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant by 38% propane and 62% it is different
Butane and normal butane combined hybrid composition, Explosion suppressant accounts for 1%, and is made of 100% tetramethyl lead；Modifying agent accounts for 3%, and by 80
The thiophene derivant, 19 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine of part and 1 part of antioxidant mix composition.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant by 40% propane and 60% it is different
Butane and normal butane combined hybrid composition, Explosion suppressant account for 3%, and by 50% tetramethyl lead, 25% lead tetraethide and 25% 5
Carbonyl iron mixes；Modifying agent accounts for 5%, and by 4 parts of thiophene derivant, 95 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 1 part
Antioxidant mix composition.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant by 39% propane and 61% it is different
Butane and normal butane combined hybrid composition, Explosion suppressant account for 2%, and by 50% tetramethyl lead and 50% lead tetraethide mixing and
At；Modifying agent accounts for 4%, and is mixed by 48 parts of thiophene derivant, 50 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 2 parts of antioxidant
It is combined into.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, above-mentioned lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant, Explosion suppressant and modifying agent are pressed
Mass fraction proportion mixes, then selects three kinds of nitrogen, methane and ethane gases, and above-mentioned raw materials are after first separation
Gas phase is gas-liquid two-phase state after cooling, using second separator it is separated go out liquid phase produce through liquid phase throttle valve it is cold,
Residual air is cooling using subcooler, liquefaction, then throttles and produce cold, finally obtains environment friendly refrigerating fluid.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the nitrogen, methane and ethane pass through purification process.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the environment friendly refrigerating fluid can also be by with 1,1,1- trichlorine three
Fluoroethane is raw material, is catalyzed using 2% Ru/C, then dechlorination obtains refrigerant.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the dechlorination process passes through metal dechlorination or hydrogenation-dechlorination.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the environment friendly refrigerating fluid can also pass through trifluorobichloroethane original
Material, makees catalyst using amine, reuses and obtains 1,1 after metallic copper is reacted with trifluorobichloroethane, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 4,4- hexafluoros-
2- butylene.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the amines catalyst is methylamine, ethamine or diethylamine.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant of safety, physical and chemical index and existing freon R22 and R134a are close, and fill
Amount only has the 38%-40% of freon, and since its molecular weight is small, good flowing properties, evaporation potential is bigger, and refrigeration effect is obvious, and
And to ozone layer without destruction, greenhouse effects are almost O, more energy saving, environmental protection, since raw material have inflammable and explosive characteristic,
Increase combustion adjuvant and easy detonator in mixture, and increase acid smell warning gas, makes product more safe and reliable in the application.
Specific embodiment
It will be detailed below the embodiment of the present invention, however, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts,
It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention: a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant, including lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant and account for it is low
The Explosion suppressant of the 1%-3% of carbochain alkane refrigerant total amount and account for lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant total amount 3%-5% modifying agent；Low-carbon
Propane and iso-butane, normal butane mixing composition of the alkane hydrocarbon coolant using high-purity, wherein the ratio of propane is 38%-40%,
The ratio of iso-butane and normal butane is 60%-62%, and the ratio of iso-butane and normal butane is 1-4:3；Explosion suppressant is by tetramethyl
One of lead, lead tetraethide and iron pentacarbonyl or more than one arbitrary proportion combined hybrids form；Modifying agent is by mass ratio
4-80 parts of thiophene derivant, 19-95 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 0.01-2 parts of antioxidant mix composition.
Embodiment 1:
Lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant is selected to be made of 38% propane and 62% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, Explosion suppressant accounts for
1%, and be made of 100% tetramethyl lead；Modifying agent accounts for 3%, and by 80 parts of thiophene derivant, 19 parts of pyridine or methylation
Pyridine and 1 part of antioxidant mix composition.
Above-mentioned lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant, Explosion suppressant and modifying agent are mixed by mass fraction proportion, then selected
Three kinds of nitrogen, methane and ethane gases, gas phase of the above-mentioned raw materials after first separation is gas-liquid two-phase state after cooling, then
By second separator it is separated go out liquid phase produce through liquid phase throttle valve cold, residual air is cooling using subcooler, liquefaction, then saves
It miscarries cold, finally obtains environment friendly refrigerating fluid；Wherein, nitrogen, methane and ethane pass through purification process.
Embodiment 2:
Lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant is selected to be made of 40% propane and 60% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, Explosion suppressant accounts for
3%, and mixed by 50% tetramethyl lead, 25% lead tetraethide and 25% iron pentacarbonyl；Modifying agent accounts for 5%, and by 4 parts
Thiophene derivant, 95 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 1 part antioxidant mix composition.
Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant of the invention is made by step same as Example 1 in above-mentioned raw materials.
Embodiment 3:
Lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant is selected to be made of 39% propane and 61% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, Explosion suppressant accounts for
2%, and mixed by 50% tetramethyl lead and 50% lead tetraethide；Modifying agent accounts for 4%, and derivative by 48 parts of thiophene
Object, 50 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 2 parts of antioxidant mix composition.
Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant of the invention is made by the step identical as embodiment 1,2 in above-mentioned raw materials.
The final product of comparative example 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, physical and chemical index and existing freon R22 and R134a
It is close, and charging amount only has the 38%-40% of freon, since its molecular weight is small, good flowing properties, evaporation potential is bigger,
Refrigeration effect is obvious, and to ozone layer without destruction, greenhouse effects are almost O, more energy saving, environmental protection, since raw material have
Inflammable and explosive characteristic increases modifying agent and Explosion suppressant in mixture, and increases acid smell warning gas, allow product in the application
It is more safe and reliable.
Embodiment 4:
The Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant can also by with 1,1,1- trichorotrifluoroethane be raw material, using 2% Ru/C be catalyzed,
Then dechlorination obtains refrigerant, and dechlorination process passes through metal dechlorination or hydrogenation-dechlorination；Secondly, the Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant is also
It can make catalyst using amine by trifluorobichloroethane raw material, reuse after metallic copper is reacted with trifluorobichloroethane and obtain
1,1, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 4,4- hexafluoro -2- butylene, amines catalyst be methylamine, ethamine or diethylamine, this method can effectively degrade chlorine original
Son.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant, which is characterized in that including lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant and account for lower alkanes
The Explosion suppressant of the 1%-3% of hydrocarbon coolant total amount and account for lower alkanes hydrocarbon coolant total amount 3%-5% modifying agent；The low carbon chain
Propane and iso-butane, normal butane mixing composition of the alkane refrigerant using high-purity, wherein the ratio of propane is 38%-40%, different
The ratio of butane and normal butane is 60%-62%；The Explosion suppressant by one of tetramethyl lead, lead tetraethide and iron pentacarbonyl or
More than one arbitrary proportion combined hybrids form；Thiophene derivant that the modifying agent is 4-80 parts by mass ratio, 19-95 parts
Pyridine or methylation pyridine and 0.01-2 parts of antioxidant mix composition.
2. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the iso-butane with just
The ratio of butane is 1-4:3.
3. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low-carbon paraffin
Refrigerant is made of 38% propane and 62% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, and Explosion suppressant accounts for 1%, and by 100% tetramethyl
Base lead composition；Modifying agent accounts for 3%, and by 80 parts of thiophene derivant, 19 parts of pyridine or methylation pyridine and 1 part of antioxygen
Agent mixing composition.
4. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low-carbon paraffin
Refrigerant is made of 40% propane and 60% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, and Explosion suppressant accounts for 3%, and by 50% tetramethyl
Base lead, 25% lead tetraethide and 25% iron pentacarbonyl mix；Modifying agent accounts for 5%, and by 4 parts of thiophene derivant, 95 parts
Pyridine or methylation pyridine and 1 part antioxidant mix composition.
5. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low-carbon paraffin
Refrigerant is made of 39% propane and 61% iso-butane and normal butane combined hybrid, and Explosion suppressant accounts for 2%, and by 50% tetramethyl
Base lead and 50% lead tetraethide mix；Modifying agent accounts for 4%, and by 48 parts of thiophene derivant, 50 parts of pyridine or first
Base pyridine and 2 parts of antioxidant mix composition.
6. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by above-mentioned lower alkanes
Hydrocarbon coolant, Explosion suppressant and modifying agent are mixed by mass fraction proportion, then select three kinds of nitrogen, methane and ethane gas
Body, gas phase of the above-mentioned raw materials after first separation is gas-liquid two-phase state after cooling, separated using second separator
Liquid phase out produces cold through liquid phase throttle valve, and residual air is cooling using subcooler, liquefaction, then throttles and produce cold, finally obtains environmental protection
Type refrigerant.
7. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the nitrogen, methane
Pass through purification process with ethane.
8. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the environmental protection type refrigeration
Agent can also be by, for raw material, being catalyzed, then dechlorination obtains refrigerant with 1,1,1- trichorotrifluoroethane using 2% Ru/C.
9. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the dechlorination process is logical
Cross metal dechlorination or hydrogenation-dechlorination.
10. a kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the environment-friendly type system
Cryogen can also make catalyst using amine by trifluorobichloroethane raw material, reuse metallic copper and react with trifluorobichloroethane
After obtain 1,1, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 4,4- hexafluoro -2- butylene；The amines catalyst is methylamine, ethamine or diethylamine.
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| CN201710930500.9A CN109628067A (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2017-10-09 | A kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant |
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| CN201710930500.9A CN109628067A (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2017-10-09 | A kind of safe Envinonment protection type energy-saving refrigerant |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115340848A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-15 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with warning effect and application thereof |
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| CN102775964A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-14 | 江苏福瑞至环保新材料有限责任公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with warning smell |
| CN105441030A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-03-30 | 南京苏佰能能源科技有限公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with intrinsic safety |
| CN107208962A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-09-26 | 博莱克威奇控股公司 | Dual mixed refrigerant systems |
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2017
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258227A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2008-09-03 | 出光兴产株式会社 | Lubricating oil for compression refrigerator and refrigeration device using the same |
| CN102620523A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Mixed refrigerant circulation natural gas zone pressure liquefaction technology with sublimation removal of CO2 |
| CN102775964A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-14 | 江苏福瑞至环保新材料有限责任公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with warning smell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115340848A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-15 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with warning effect and application thereof |
| CN115340848B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-05-28 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Hydrocarbon refrigerant with warning function and application thereof |
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