RU2013144410A - COMPOSITE ELEMENTS - Google Patents

COMPOSITE ELEMENTS Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2013144410A
RU2013144410A RU2013144410/05A RU2013144410A RU2013144410A RU 2013144410 A RU2013144410 A RU 2013144410A RU 2013144410/05 A RU2013144410/05 A RU 2013144410/05A RU 2013144410 A RU2013144410 A RU 2013144410A RU 2013144410 A RU2013144410 A RU 2013144410A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
core
film
coating layer
coated
plastic film
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RU2013144410/05A
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Russian (ru)
Inventor
Маркус Шютте
Франк ФЕХНЕР
Манфред Генц
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Басф Се
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Publication of RU2013144410A publication Critical patent/RU2013144410A/en

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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/065—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/08—Parts formed wholly or mainly of plastics materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
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    • B32B2266/02—Organic
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

1. Способ изготовления композитных элементов, содержащих а) сердцевину из пеноматериала или пористого материала; b) нанесенный на сердцевину а) покровный слой; а также с) отличную от покровного слоя b) пленку из термопластической пластмассы, включающий в себя следующие этапы:- размещение сердцевины а), покрытой покровным слоем b), в камере по меньшей мере с одной пленкой с) с промежутком между пленкой с) и сердцевиной а) с покрытием и их закрепление,- откачку воздуха из камеры,- нагрев пластиковой пленки с) выше точки размягчения,- прижатие пластиковой пленки с) к поверхности сердцевины с покрытием а) и- извлечение композитного элемента.2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что сердцевина а) представляет собой пеноматериал, выбранный из группы, в состав которой входят полиуретановые жесткие пенопласты с открытыми ячейками, полиуретановые жесткие пенопласты с закрытыми ячейками и меламин-формальдегидные пеноматериалы.3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что сердцевина а) представляет собой аэрогель.4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) выбран из группы, содержащей барьерные слои, препятствующие газам, огнезащитные слои и механически поддерживающие слои.5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) представляет собой металлическую фольгу или металлическую композитную фольгу.6. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) представляет собой многослойную композитную фольгу с напыленным или нанесенным путем ламинирования слоем металла.7. Способ по пункту 5, отличающийся тем, что металлический слой покровного слоя b) состоит из алюминия.8. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) пре�1. A method of manufacturing composite elements containing a) a core of foam or porous material; b) deposited on the core a) a coating layer; and c) a thermoplastic plastic film different from the coating layer b) comprising the following steps: - placing the core a) coated with the coating layer b) in a chamber with at least one film c) with a gap between the film c) and core a) coated and secured, - pumping air out of the chamber, - heating the plastic film c) above the softening point, - pressing the plastic film c) to the surface of the coated core a) and - removing the composite element. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the core a) is a foam selected from the group consisting of open-cell polyurethane rigid foams, closed-cell polyurethane rigid foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the core a) is an airgel. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is selected from the group consisting of barrier layers that impede gases, fire retardant layers and mechanically supporting layers. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is a metal foil or a metal composite foil. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is a multilayer composite foil with a metal layer deposited or deposited by lamination. The method according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the metal layer of the coating layer b) consists of aluminum. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) pre�

Claims (15)

1. Способ изготовления композитных элементов, содержащих а) сердцевину из пеноматериала или пористого материала; b) нанесенный на сердцевину а) покровный слой; а также с) отличную от покровного слоя b) пленку из термопластической пластмассы, включающий в себя следующие этапы:1. A method of manufacturing composite elements containing a) a core of foam or porous material; b) deposited on the core a) a coating layer; and c) different from the coating layer b) a thermoplastic plastic film comprising the following steps: - размещение сердцевины а), покрытой покровным слоем b), в камере по меньшей мере с одной пленкой с) с промежутком между пленкой с) и сердцевиной а) с покрытием и их закрепление,- placing the core a) coated with a cover layer b) in the chamber with at least one film c) with a gap between the film c) and the core a) with the coating and fixing them, - откачку воздуха из камеры,- pumping air from the chamber, - нагрев пластиковой пленки с) выше точки размягчения,- heating the plastic film c) above the softening point, - прижатие пластиковой пленки с) к поверхности сердцевины с покрытием а) и- pressing the plastic film c) to the surface of the coated core a) and - извлечение композитного элемента.- extraction of the composite element. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что сердцевина а) представляет собой пеноматериал, выбранный из группы, в состав которой входят полиуретановые жесткие пенопласты с открытыми ячейками, полиуретановые жесткие пенопласты с закрытыми ячейками и меламин-формальдегидные пеноматериалы.2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the core a) is a foam selected from the group consisting of open-cell polyurethane rigid foams, closed-cell polyurethane rigid foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams. 3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что сердцевина а) представляет собой аэрогель.3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the core a) is an airgel. 4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) выбран из группы, содержащей барьерные слои, препятствующие газам, огнезащитные слои и механически поддерживающие слои.4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is selected from the group comprising barrier layers that prevent gases, fire retardant layers and mechanically supporting layers. 5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) представляет собой металлическую фольгу или металлическую композитную фольгу.5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is a metal foil or a metal composite foil. 6. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) представляет собой многослойную композитную фольгу с напыленным или нанесенным путем ламинирования слоем металла.6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is a multilayer composite foil with a metal layer deposited or deposited by lamination. 7. Способ по пункту 5, отличающийся тем, что металлический слой покровного слоя b) состоит из алюминия.7. The method according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the metal layer of the coating layer b) consists of aluminum. 8. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой b) представляет собой пленку, которая полностью охватывает сердцевину а), и что сердцевина а) вакуумирована.8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the coating layer b) is a film that completely covers the core a), and that the core a) is evacuated. 9. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что пленка с) нанесена только на две противолежащие стороны композитного элемента.9. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the film c) is applied only to two opposite sides of the composite element. 10. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что между покровным слоем b) и пленкой с) нанесен клей.10. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that between the coating layer b) and the film c) adhesive is applied. 11. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что материал для пленки с) выбран из группы, содержащей поливинилхлорид, сополимеры стирола, полипропилен, поливинилиденфторид, термопластический полиуретан (ТПУ) и полиметилметакрилат (ПММА) и смеси термопластического полиуретана и сополимеров стирола.11. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the material for the film c) is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, styrene copolymers, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and a mixture of thermoplastic polyurethane and styrene copolymers. 12. Способ по одному из пп.1-11, включающий в себя следующие этапы12. The method according to one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps а1) подготовка сердцевины из пеноматериала или пористого материала а),A1) the preparation of the core of the foam or porous material a), b1) заключение сердцевины в пленку b),b1) the conclusion of the core in the film b), с1) вакуумирование сердцевины а) и герметичное замыкание пленки b) (воздухонепроницаемое),C1) evacuation of the core a) and tight sealing of the film b) (airtight), d1) вазмещение сердцевины а) с нанесенным покрытием в камере по меньшей мере с одной пленкой с) с промежутком между пленкой с) и сердцевиной с покрытием и их закрепление,d1) the displacement of the core a) coated in the chamber with at least one film c) with an interval between the film c) and the coated core and their fixing, е1) откачка воздуха из камеры,e1) pumping air out of the chamber, f1) нагрев пластиковой пленки с) выше точки размягчения иf1) heating the plastic film c) above the softening point and g1) прижатие пластиковой пленки с) к поверхности сердцевины с покрытием а),g1) pressing the plastic film c) to the surface of the coated core a), h1) извлечение композитного элемента.h1) extraction of the composite element. 13. Способ по п. 12, отличающийся тем, что между этапами d1) и е1) на несущую покрытие сердцевину и/или пленку с) наносят клей.13. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that between the steps d1) and e1) glue is applied to the coating core and / or film c). 14. Способ по п. 12, отличающийся тем, что этапы b1) и с1) осуществляют в одном и том же устройстве.14. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that steps b1) and c1) are carried out in the same device. 15. Применение композитных элементов, получаемых по одному из пп. 1-14, для изготовления холодильных устройств. 15. The use of composite elements obtained according to one of paragraphs. 1-14, for the manufacture of refrigeration devices.
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