DE19915311A1 - Vacuum insulating panel, especially for refrigerators, has a microporous core encased in a 7-layer plastic foil with a polyolefin sealing layer, a gas barrier, a polyolefin layer and a metallised polymer layer - Google Patents
Vacuum insulating panel, especially for refrigerators, has a microporous core encased in a 7-layer plastic foil with a polyolefin sealing layer, a gas barrier, a polyolefin layer and a metallised polymer layerInfo
- Publication number
- DE19915311A1 DE19915311A1 DE19915311A DE19915311A DE19915311A1 DE 19915311 A1 DE19915311 A1 DE 19915311A1 DE 19915311 A DE19915311 A DE 19915311A DE 19915311 A DE19915311 A DE 19915311A DE 19915311 A1 DE19915311 A1 DE 19915311A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- polyolefin
- vip
- adhesive
- vacuum insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100495769 Caenorhabditis elegans che-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012793 heat-sealing layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- PZWQOGNTADJZGH-SNAWJCMRSA-N (2e)-2-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C=C PZWQOGNTADJZGH-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002020 Microcellular plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004823 Reactive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylbenzene;isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFMKFCLXZSUVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl but-3-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC=C BFMKFCLXZSUVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940063583 high-density polyethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005638 polyethylene monopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
- F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2201/00—Insulation
- F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
- F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
- F25D2201/128—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of foil type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2201/00—Insulation
- F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
- F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Vakuum Isolier Paneele mit verbesserter Dämm leistung, eine zur Herstellung derartiger Vakuum Isolier Paneele geeignete, gasdiffu sionsdichte Kunststoffolie und die Verwendung derartiger Vakuum Isolier Paneele in Kältegeräten.The present invention relates to vacuum insulation panels with improved insulation performance, a gas diffusion suitable for the manufacture of such vacuum insulation panels Sion-proof plastic film and the use of such vacuum insulation panels in Refrigeration appliances.
Vakuum Isolier Paneele ("VIP") haben als hervorragende Dämmstoffe großes Inter
esse in allen Bereichen der Wärmedämmung, insbesondere aber bei Haushaltskälte
geräten gefunden. In der Regel übertreffen sie Polyurethanhartschaum, welcher
üblicherweise in Kältegeräten verwendet wird, in ihrer Dämmleistung um mehr als
das doppelte. Üblicherweise werden Vakuum Paneele hergestellt, in dem mikro
poröse Trägermaterialien mit Folien umhüllt und im Vakuum eingeschweißt werden.
Der Druck in einem VIP liegt üblicherweise unter 1 mbar, denn nur bei derart
niedrigen Drücken wird die erforderliche Dämmleistung erreicht. Unter den heute
üblichen VIPs sind grundsätzlich zwei Arten zu unterscheiden:
Mit Kunststoffolie entsprechend EP 0 463 311 A1 bzw. DE 40 19 870 A1, EP 0 396
961 B1 und EP 0 446 486 A2 bzw. DE 40 08 480 umhüllte mikroporöse Fällungs
kieselsäure und mit einer Aluminiumverbundfolie umhüllte mikrozelluläre Kunst
stoffschäume, wie sie beispielsweise in US Pat. 4,669,632 beschrieben sind.Vacuum insulating panels ("VIP") have found great interest in all areas of thermal insulation as excellent insulation materials, but especially in household refrigeration devices. As a rule, they outperform rigid polyurethane foam, which is commonly used in refrigeration appliances, by more than twice as much. Vacuum panels are usually produced in which micro-porous carrier materials are wrapped with foils and welded in a vacuum. The pressure in a VIP is usually below 1 mbar, because the required insulation performance is only achieved at such low pressures. There are basically two types of VIPs currently used:
Microporous precipitated silica encased with plastic film according to EP 0 463 311 A1 or DE 40 19 870 A1, EP 0 396 961 B1 and EP 0 446 486 A2 or DE 40 08 480 and microcellular plastic foams encased with an aluminum composite foil, as described for example in U.S. Pat. 4,669,632.
Der Nachteil der VIP auf der Basis einer Kernlage aus mikroporöser Fällungs kieselsäure ist, daß man von einem pulvrigen Material ausgeht und dadurch die VIP erhebliche Dickentoleranzen und Abweichungen von der Planizität aufweisen, die den Einbau in die Kältegeräte erschweren.The disadvantage of the VIP based on a core layer made of microporous precipitation Silicic acid is that you start from a powdery material and thus the VIP have considerable thickness tolerances and deviations from the planicity, which difficult to install in the refrigeration devices.
Der Nachteil der VIP auf der Basis einer Kernlage aus Kunststoffschäumen ist, daß Kunststoffschäume nur eine geringe Gas-, insbesondere Wasserdampf-Absorptions fähigkeit haben, so ist die Gasdichtigkeit der verwendeten Folie für die Anwendung dieser ansonsten hervorragend geeigneten VIP-Kernmaterialien von großer Wichtig keit. Übliche Sperrschichtfolien aus Kunststoffen, wie sie beispielsweise EP 0 517 026 A1 beschreibt, erreichen nicht die erforderliche Gassperrwirkung. Man kann zwar um eindiffundierende Gase zu binden und so den niedrigen Druck im VIP aufrechtzuerhalten der Kernschicht gasaufnehmende bzw. mit Gas reagierende Sub stanzen ("Getter") beifügen, jedoch führt diese Maßnahme nicht immer zum gewünschten Erfolg. Deswegen verwendet man zum Erhalt des Vakuums im VIP als totale Gassperre bevorzugt eine Aluminiumverbundfolie. Diese Aluminiumverbund folie leitet jedoch über den Rand soviel Wärme ab, daß ein großer Teil der Dämm leistung des VIPs wieder verloren geht. Allerdings läßt sich dieser Effekt wird nur bei der Messung des Wärmedurchganges in einem kompletten Kältegerät nach weisen. Bei der Messung der Wärmeleitzahl nach DIN 18 164 Teil 1 und 2 kann der Einfluß der Randeffekte nicht festgestellt werden.The disadvantage of the VIP based on a core layer made of plastic foams is that Plastic foams only have a low gas, especially water vapor absorption ability, so is the gas tightness of the film used for the application this otherwise extremely suitable VIP core material of great importance speed. Usual barrier layer films made of plastics, such as, for example, EP 0 517 026 A1 describes, do not achieve the required gas barrier effect. One can to bind in diffusing gases and thus the low pressure in the VIP maintain the core layer gas-absorbing or gas-reacting sub add punch ("getter"), but this measure does not always lead to desired success. That is why you use the VIP to maintain the vacuum total gas barrier prefers an aluminum composite film. This aluminum composite However, foil dissipates so much heat over the edge that a large part of the insulation performance of the VIP is lost again. However, this effect will only work when measuring the heat transfer in a complete refrigerator point. When measuring the coefficient of thermal conductivity according to DIN 18 164 part 1 and 2, the Influence of the edge effects cannot be determined.
Trotzdem haben VIP auf der Basis einer Kernlage aus Kunststoffschäumen eine bedeutende Marktposition erobert, da sie in ihren Dimensionen genau angepaßt werden können und als sehr ebene (plane) Plattenware einfach und kostengünstig zu verarbeiten sind. Gleichwohl steht der oben genannte Nachteil der Wärmeüber tragung über den Rand der beidseitigen Aluminiumfolie ihrer weiteren Verbreitung im Wege.Nevertheless, VIP based on a core layer made of plastic foams conquered an important market position because it was precisely adapted in its dimensions can be and as a very flat (flat) sheet goods easily and inexpensively are processed. Nevertheless, the above-mentioned disadvantage of heat overcomes spread over the edge of the double-sided aluminum foil of their further spread in the way.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es daher, VIP bereitzustellen, die die Vor teile von VIP auf der Basis einer Kernlage aus Kunststoffschäumen aufweisen, näm liche ebene (plane) Oberflächen und dimensionsgenaue Herstellbarkeit, aber die Verluste an Dämmleistung durch Randeffekte vermeiden bzw. wesentlich vermin dern.The object of the present invention was therefore to provide VIP, which the front parts from VIP based on a core layer made of plastic foams, näm planar surfaces and dimensionally accurate producibility, but the Avoid or significantly reduce losses in insulation performance due to edge effects other.
Erfindungsgemäß gelang dies durch Vakuum Isolier Paneele (VIP) bestehend aus
einer mikroporösen Platte als Kernlage und einer Umhüllung aus einer hoch
gasdiffusionsdichten Kunststoffolie aus mindestens 7 Schichten mit der Schichten
folge
According to the invention, this was achieved by means of vacuum insulating panels (VIP) consisting of a microporous plate as the core layer and a covering made of a highly gas-diffusion-tight plastic film composed of at least 7 layers, with the layers following
- 1. Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I)1. Polyolefin heat seal layer (I)
- 2. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)2. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 3. Gasbarriereschicht (III)3. Gas barrier layer (III)
- 4. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)4. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 5. Polyolefinschicht (IV)5. Polyolefin layer (IV)
- 6. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)6. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 7. mit Aluminium oder SiOx oder einem Metalloxid der 2. oder 3. Hauptgruppe bedampfte Schicht (V) im wesentlichen aus Polyester und/oder Polyamid und/oder Polypropylen.7. with aluminum or SiOx or a metal oxide of the 2nd or 3rd main group vapor-deposited layer (V) essentially made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene.
Mit einem erfindungsgemäßen VIP läßt sich eine Sauerstoffdiffusion von deutlich unter 0,01 cm3/m2 d bar und eine Wasserdampfdiffusion von deutlich weniger als 0,02 g/m2 d erreichen, so daß die Dauerhaftigkeit der Dämmwirkung eines so herge stellten VIPs den Anforderungen der Praxis entspricht. Ein Verlust von Dämm wirkung über Randeffekte, wie bei der Verwendung von Aluminiumverbundfolien gemäß Stand der Technik auftritt, wird nicht gefunden.With a VIP according to the invention, an oxygen diffusion of well below 0.01 cm 3 / m 2 d bar and a water vapor diffusion of well less than 0.02 g / m 2 d can be achieved, so that the durability of the insulating effect of a VIP manufactured in this way Meets practical requirements. A loss of insulation effect via edge effects, as occurs when using aluminum composite films according to the prior art, is not found.
Als Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I) können Polyolefin-Homo- oder Polyolefin- Copolymere eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt sind Linear Low Density Polyethylen ("LLDPE"), Polybutylen ("PB"), Ethylvinylacetat ("EVA"), High Density Poly ethylen ("HDPE"), Ionomer ("I") und Mischungen dieser Stoffe. Erfindungsgemäß möglich ist auch eine mehrschichtige, durch Coextrusion mehrerer Schichten aus den genannten Materialien hergestellte Ausführungsform der Polyolefin-Heißsiegel schicht (I). Die Dicke der Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I) beträgt vorzugsweise 20 bis 200 µm, besonders bevorzugt 50 bis 100 µm.As a polyolefin heat seal layer (I), polyolefin homo- or polyolefin Copolymers are used. Linear low density polyethylene are preferred ("LLDPE"), polybutylene ("PB"), ethyl vinyl acetate ("EVA"), high density poly ethylene ("HDPE"), ionomer ("I") and mixtures of these substances. According to the invention A multilayer is also possible, by coextrusion of several layers from the Embodiment of the polyolefin heat seal produced materials mentioned layer (I). The thickness of the polyolefin heat seal layer (I) is preferably 20 up to 200 µm, particularly preferably 50 to 100 µm.
Als Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II) kommen vorzugsweise handelsübliche Reaktivklebstoffe wie insbesondere Zwei-Komponenten-Polyurethanklebstoffe zum Einsatz. Es können aber auch polyolefinische Haftvermittler, vorzugsweise aus Poly ethylen-Homopolymer, Ethylenethylacrylat ("EAA") oder Ethylenmethacrylsäure ("EMMA") eingesetzt werden. Die Dicke der Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II) beträgt vorzugsweise maximal 6 µm, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 6 µm.Commercially available are preferably used as the adhesive or connecting layer (II) Reactive adhesives such as two-component polyurethane adhesives in particular Commitment. However, it is also possible to use polyolefinic adhesion promoters, preferably made of poly ethylene homopolymer, ethylene ethyl acrylate ("EAA") or ethylene methacrylic acid ("EMMA") can be used. The thickness of the adhesive or tie layer (II) is preferably at most 6 µm, particularly preferably 2 to 6 µm.
Die Gasbarriereschicht (III) besteht vorzugsweise im wesentlichen aus Polyvinyl alkohol ("PVOH"), Ethylenvinylalkohol-Copolymer ("EVOH") und/oder aus Poly amid oder aus Mischungen von PA und EVOH oder im Falle einer mehrschichtigen Ausführungsform aus der schichtweisen Kombination von PA und EVOH oder von Mischungen aus PA und EVOH und ist vorzugsweise mindestens monoaxial ver streckt. Sie ist gegebenenfalls mit einer Sperrschichtlackierung, vorzugsweise mit einem Acryllack, versehen. Die Dicke der Gasbarriereschicht (III) beträgt vorzugs weise 10 bis 120 µm, in der einschichtigen Ausführungsform besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 20 µm.The gas barrier layer (III) preferably consists essentially of polyvinyl alcohol ("PVOH"), ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer ("EVOH") and / or made of poly amide or from mixtures of PA and EVOH or in the case of a multilayer Embodiment from the layered combination of PA and EVOH or from Mixtures of PA and EVOH and is preferably at least monoaxially ver stretches. It is optionally coated with a barrier coating, preferably with an acrylic paint. The thickness of the gas barrier layer (III) is preferred as 10 to 120 microns, particularly preferred 10 in the single-layer embodiment up to 20 µm.
Die Polyolefinschicht (IV) besteht vorzugsweise im wesentlichen aus Polyethylen, Polypropylen oder Polyethylen-Copolymeren. Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist diese Schicht 5-500 µm, besonders bevorzugt 50-200 µm dick. Dabei gefunden, daß die relativ dicke Polyolefinschicht (IV) dem VIP eine wesentlich glattere und gleich mäßigere Oberfläche verleiht. Dies ist insbesondere beim Aufkleben des VIP bei der Montage eines Kältegerätes von Vorteil. Bei faltigen VIP reicht in der Regel die mit Kleber benetzte Oberfläche für eine Haftung der VIP nicht aus.The polyolefin layer (IV) preferably consists essentially of polyethylene, Polypropylene or polyethylene copolymers. This is preferred according to the invention Layer 5-500 µm, particularly preferably 50-200 µm thick. Found that the relatively thick polyolefin layer (IV) the VIP a much smoother and the same gives a more moderate surface. This is particularly true when sticking the VIP on the Mounting a refrigerator is an advantage. For wrinkled VIP, that's usually enough Adhesive-wetted surface does not cover VIP liability.
Die Schicht (V) aus Polyester- und/oder Polyamid- und/oder Polypropylenschicht ist vorzugsweise auf der den übrigen Schichten abgewandten Seite in übliche Weise mit Aluminium, SiOx oder einem Metalloxid der 2. oder 3. Hauptgruppe bedampft und kann gegebenenfalls auf der nicht bedampften Seite mit einer Sperrschichtlackierung, vorzugsweise mit einem Acryllack, versehen werden. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei der Schicht (V) um eine Schicht im wesentlichen aus Polyester oder Polypropylen, die mit Aluminium, vorzugsweise in einer Dicke von 30 bis 80 nm, bedampft ist. Die Dicke der Schicht (V) beträgt vorzugsweise 10 bis 40 µm, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 20 µm. The layer (V) is made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene layer preferably on the side facing away from the other layers in the usual way Vaporized aluminum, SiOx or a metal oxide of the 2nd or 3rd main group and can optionally be coated with a barrier coating on the non-steamed side, preferably with an acrylic paint. It is preferably the layer (V) around a layer essentially made of polyester or polypropylene, which is vapor-deposited with aluminum, preferably in a thickness of 30 to 80 nm. The thickness of the layer (V) is preferably 10 to 40 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 20 µm.
Die mindestens siebenschichtige Kunststoffolie, die gleichfalls Gegenstand der Erfindung ist, kann in einer oder mehreren Schichten mit üblichen Additiven und Hilfsmitteln wie z. B. mit Gleitmitteln, Antiblockmitteln und Antistatika in üblichen Mengen ausgerüstet sein.The at least seven-layer plastic film, which is also the subject of Invention can be in one or more layers with conventional additives and Tools such as B. with lubricants, antiblocking agents and antistatic agents in usual Quantities.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß gerade durch Kombination einer relativ dicken Polyolefin schicht (IV) mit der Gassperrschicht (III) vorzugsweise aus Polyvinylalkohol und der bedampfien Schicht (V) die unerwartet hohe Dichtigkeit erreicht wurde. Es ist hierbei auch wichtig, daß die Gassperrschicht (III) sich im Aufbau direkt unter der Siegelschicht befindet und dadurch vor Feuchtigkeit geschützt ist.It has been shown that just by combining a relatively thick polyolefin layer (IV) with the gas barrier layer (III) preferably made of polyvinyl alcohol and vaporize layer (V) which has reached an unexpectedly high level of tightness. It is it is also important that the gas barrier layer (III) is located directly under the structure Sealing layer is located and is therefore protected from moisture.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt sind VIP, die als Kernlage Kunststoffschäume verwen den. Die Kunststoffschäume können sein: Polyurethan oder Polystyrolschaumstoffe. In Frage kommen auch Platten, welche aus gemahlenen und gepreßten Kunststoff schäumen hergestellt werden, wie z. B. in EP 0791155 B 1 beschrieben werden.According to the invention, VIP are preferred which use plastic foams as the core layer the. The plastic foams can be: polyurethane or polystyrene foams. Plates made of ground and pressed plastic are also suitable foams are produced, such as. B. be described in EP 0791155 B1.
Als Kernlage werden erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt mikrozelluläre, offenporige Schaumstoffplatten insbesondere aus Polyurethan oder Polystyrol verwendet. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform dienen zermahlene geschlossenzellige Schaumstoffe, welche, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz geeigneter Bindemittel, zu Plat ten verpreßt worden sind, als Kernlage für die erfindungsgemäßen VIP. Auf diese Weise kann die Herstellung von erfindungsgemäßen VIP im Recyclingprozeß für Altschaumstoff eingesetzt werden.According to the invention, microcellular, open-pore are preferred as the core layer Foam sheets used in particular from polyurethane or polystyrene. In a Another preferred embodiment is used in the form of ground closed-cell cells Foams, which, optionally with the addition of suitable binders, to plat ten have been pressed as the core layer for the VIP according to the invention. To this Way, the production of VIP according to the invention in the recycling process for Used foam can be used.
Die Herstellung der VIP geschieht üblicherweise, indem die als Kernlage dienende mikroporöse Platte in einem aus der erfindungsgemäßen Folien vorfabrizierten Beutel (Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I) auf der Innenseite) gesteckt und im Vakuum bei 10-3 bis 1 Torr die noch offenen Kante versiegelt wird. Nach dem Belüften der Vakuumkammer erhält man das erfindungsgemäße VIP. The VIP is usually produced by placing the microporous plate serving as the core layer in a bag prefabricated from the films according to the invention (polyolefin heat seal layer (I) on the inside) and sealing the edge which is still open in vacuo at 10 -3 to 1 Torr . After venting the vacuum chamber, the VIP according to the invention is obtained.
Die hohe Gasdichtigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Folie verleiht dem VIP trotz der
geringen Absorptionsfähigkeit der Kernlage eine ausreichende Lebensdauer. Falls
zur Sicherung der Lebensdauer dennoch ein Geifer mit verwendet werden soll, so
kann dieser entsprechend klein dimensioniert werden. Gegebenenfalls reicht auch
schon der Einsatz kleiner Mengen einer Wasserdampf bindenden Substanz aus. Als
Geifer kommen bevorzugt in Frage:
Zur Bindung der Luftbestandteile Sauerstoff und Stickstoff Alkali- und Erdalkali
metalle, zur Bindung von Feuchtigkeit und Kohlendioxid, Erdalkalioxide sowie zur
Bindung von Feuchtigkeit alleine handelsübliche Silikagele und Molekularsiebe.
Geeignet konfektionierte Geifer aus diesen Materialien sind kommerziell erhältlich.The high gas-tightness of the film according to the invention gives the VIP a sufficient service life despite the low absorption capacity of the core layer. If a scraper is to be used to ensure the service life, it can be dimensioned accordingly small. If necessary, even the use of small amounts of a water vapor binding substance is sufficient. The following are preferred as droolers:
For binding the air components oxygen and nitrogen alkali and alkaline earth metals, for binding moisture and carbon dioxide, alkaline earth oxides and for binding moisture alone commercially available silica gels and molecular sieves. Appropriately packaged droppers made from these materials are commercially available.
Die erfindungsgemäße Folie kann in einer speziellen Ausführungsform auch nur zur Herstellung einer Seite des Folienbeutels verwendet werden, wobei die Gegenseite eine konventionelle Mehrschichtfolie mit Al-Sperrschicht bildet, die bevorzugt eine Al-Schicht mit einer Dicke von 6-20 µm und eine PE-Schicht mit einer Dicke von 50-200 µm aufweist. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform ist die Wärmedämmung durch Randeffekte nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt.In a special embodiment, the film according to the invention can also only be used for Making one side of the foil pouch can be used, with the opposite side forms a conventional multilayer film with Al barrier layer, which preferably one Al layer with a thickness of 6-20 microns and a PE layer with a thickness of 50-200 µm. The thermal insulation is also in this embodiment not significantly affected by edge effects.
Die erfindungsgemäßen VIP können als Hochleistungsdämmstoff breite Anwendung finden in der Dämmung im Bauwesen, der technischen Isolierung und insbesondere in Kältegeräten.The VIP according to the invention can be widely used as high-performance insulation find in insulation in construction, technical insulation and in particular in refrigeration appliances.
Bei der Anwendung in Kältegeräten nehmen sie üblicherweise einen Teil des Dämm volumens ein - normalerweise sind Kältegeräte mit Polyurethanhartschaum gedämmt. Hierdurch lassen sich Energieeinsparungen von bis zu 30% erzielen, ohne daß die Wanddicke erhöht wird. When used in refrigeration appliances, they usually take part of the insulation volume one - are usually refrigeration units with rigid polyurethane foam insulated. This enables energy savings of up to 30% to be achieved without that the wall thickness is increased.
Die Eigenschaften der Mehrschichtfolie gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung werden
nach den folgenden Methoden bestimmt:
Die Sauerstoff-, Stickstoff und Kohlendioxiddurchlässigkeit der Folien wird nach
DIN 53 380 bestimmt.The properties of the multilayer film according to the present invention are determined by the following methods:
The oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide permeability of the films is determined in accordance with DIN 53 380.
Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit der Folien wird nach DIN 53 122 bestimmt. Die Wärmeleitzahl λ wird nach DIN 18 164 Teil 1 und Teil 2 bestimmt. Die Bestimmung der Schrankziffer (Wärmedurchgang durch die Hülle des Kältegerätes) ist in Beispiel 7 im Detail beschrieben.The water vapor permeability of the films is determined in accordance with DIN 53 122. The coefficient of thermal conductivity λ is determined in accordance with DIN 18 164 part 1 and part 2. The determination of the cabinet number (heat transfer through the envelope of the Refrigerator) is described in detail in Example 7.
Der Gegenstand der Erfindung soll anhand der folgenden Beispiele näher erläutert werden:The subject matter of the invention is illustrated by the following examples become:
Die hohe Barrierewirkung der erfindungsgemäßen Folien wurde anhand der folgen den Folienbeispiele nachgewiesen:The high barrier effect of the films according to the invention was based on the following demonstrated by the slide examples:
Schicht I: Polyolefin-Siegelschicht aus Ethylenvinylacetat-Copolymer, 3,5%
Vinylacatat, 50 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht III: Gasbarriereschicht aus Polyvinylalkohol, biaxial gereckt, 12 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht IV: Polyethylen-Schicht, 120 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht V: metallisierte biaxial gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µm Layer I: Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5% vinyl acetate, 50 μm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer III: Gas barrier layer made of polyvinyl alcohol, biaxially stretched, 12 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer IV: polyethylene layer, 120 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer V: metallized biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 µm
Schicht I: Polyolefin-Siegelschicht aus Ethylenvinylacetat-Copolymer, 3,5%
Vinylacatat, 50 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht III: Gasbarriereschicht aus Polyvinylalkohol, biaxial gereckt, 12 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht IV: Polyethylen-Schicht, 120 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht V: metallisierte biaxial gereckte Polypropylenfolie, 20 µmLayer I: Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5% vinyl acetate, 50 μm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer III: Gas barrier layer made of polyvinyl alcohol, biaxially stretched, 12 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer IV: polyethylene layer, 120 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer V: metallized biaxially stretched polypropylene film, 20 µm
Schicht I: Polyolefin-Siegelschicht aus Ethylenvinylacetat-Copolymer, 3,5%
Vinylacatat, 50 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht III: Gasbarriereschicht aus einer beidseitig mit PVDC lackierten PVOH
Schicht
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht IV: Polyethylen-Schicht, 120 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht V: metallisierte biaxial gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µmLayer I: Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5% vinyl acetate, 50 μm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer III: gas barrier layer made of a PVOH layer coated on both sides with PVDC
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer IV: polyethylene layer, 120 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer V: metallized biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 µm
Schicht I: Polyolefin-Siegelschicht aus Ethylenvinylacetat-Copolymer, 3,5%
Vinylacatat, 50 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht III: Gasbarriereschicht aus einer coextrudierten PA/EVOH/PA Schicht
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht IV: Polyethylen-Schicht, 120 µm
Schicht II: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
Schicht V: metallisierte biaxial gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µmLayer I: Polyolefin sealing layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3.5% vinyl acetate, 50 μm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer III: gas barrier layer made of a coextruded PA / EVOH / PA layer
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer IV: polyethylene layer, 120 µm
Layer II: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
Layer V: metallized biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 µm
1. Schicht: Polyolefin-Schicht, 50 µm
2. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
3. Schicht: Polyvinylalkohol-Schicht, 12 µm
4. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
5. Schicht: Polyolefin-Schicht, 120 µm
6. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
7. Schicht: Polyvinylalkohol-Schicht, 12 µm,
8. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
9. Schicht: Polyolefin-Schicht, 120 µm
10. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
11. Schicht: gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µm1st layer: polyolefin layer, 50 µm
2nd layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
3rd layer: polyvinyl alcohol layer, 12 µm
4th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
5th layer: polyolefin layer, 120 µm
6th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
7th layer: polyvinyl alcohol layer, 12 µm,
8th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
9th layer: polyolefin layer, 120 µm
10th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
11th layer: stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 µm
1. Schicht: Polyolefin-Schicht, 50 µm
2. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
3. Schicht: gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µm
4. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
5. Schicht: Aluminium Folie, 12 µm
6. Schicht: Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethanklebstoff, 2 µm
7. Schicht: gereckte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie, 12 µm 1st layer: polyolefin layer, 50 µm
2nd layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
3rd layer: stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 µm
4th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
5th layer: aluminum foil, 12 µm
6th layer: two-component polyurethane adhesive, 2 µm
7th layer: stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, 12 μm
Folgende Wasserdampf-, Sauerstoff-, Stickstoff und Kohlendioxiddurchlässigkeiten
wurden ermittelt:
The following water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide permeabilities were determined:
Die Herstellung der Folienbeutel erfolgt durch eine Dreiseiten-Verschweißung von
50 × 50 cm großen Folienstücken. Beutel wurden aus den folgenden Materialien
hergestellt:
The film bags are manufactured by three-sided welding of 50 × 50 cm pieces of film. Bags were made from the following materials:
- A) Symmetrisch aufgebauter Folienbeutel aus einer kommerziell erhältlichen aluminiumhaltigen Mehrschichtfolie (Aluthen-P der Fa: Wolff Walsrode, siehe Beispiel 1.f).A) Symmetrically constructed foil bag from a commercially available aluminum-containing multilayer film (Aluthen-P from Wolff Walsrode, see example 1.f).
- B) Symmetrisch aufgebauter Folienbeutel aus einer kommerziell erhältlichen metallfreien Sperrschichtfolie (Combithen PXX der Fa. Wolff Walsrode, siehe Beispiel 1.e). B) Symmetrically constructed foil bag from a commercially available metal-free barrier film (Combithen PXX from Wolff Walsrode, see example 1.e).
- C) Symmetrisch aufgebauter Folienbeutel der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrschicht folie gemäß Beispiel 1.a.C) Symmetrically constructed film bag of the multilayer according to the invention film according to example 1.a.
- D) Asymmetrisch aufgebauter Folienbeutel aus der in 2.III beschriebenen erfin dungsgemäßen Mehrschichtfolie und der in 2.I beschriebenen aluminium haltigen Mehrschichtfolie.D) Asymmetrically constructed foil bag from the inventions described in 2.III Multi-layer film according to the invention and the aluminum described in 2.I. containing multilayer film.
1000 g eines PUR-Hartschaummehles aus einer Kältegeräte-Recyclinganlage werden mit 35 g Wasser und 100 g eines Polyisocyanatgemisches von Diphenylmethan diisocyanaten und Polyphenyl-polymethylen-polyisocyanaten (Desmodur® VP PU 1520 A20; Bayer AG) mit einem Lödige-Pflugschar-Mischer mit 2-Stoffdüsen gleichmäßig vermischt. Aus dieser Mischung wird in einem Form-Rahmen ein Formling von 400 × 400 mm gebildet, gleichmäßig verdichtet und anschließend in einer Laborpresse unter einem Druck von 5 bar und einer Temperatur von 120°C 8 Minuten unter Verwendung eines Zeit-Meßprogrammes auf 25 mm verpreßt.1000 g of a PUR foam foam from a refrigerator recycling plant with 35 g of water and 100 g of a polyisocyanate mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates (Desmodur® VP PU 1520 A20; Bayer AG) with a Lödige ploughshare mixer with 2 material nozzles evenly mixed. This mixture is used in a mold frame Form of 400 × 400 mm formed, evenly compressed and then in a laboratory press under a pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 120 ° C 8 Minutes pressed to 25 mm using a time measurement program.
Man erhält eine poröse 25 mm-Platte mit einer Rohdichte von 250 kg/m3. Die Platte wurde ca. 2 h auf 120°C erwärmt, um sie von allen flüchtigen Bestandteilen zu befreien.A porous 25 mm plate with a bulk density of 250 kg / m 3 is obtained . The plate was heated to 120 ° C. for about 2 hours in order to remove all volatile constituents.
Die unter 3. hergestellte Paneele wurden in die gemäß 2.I bis 2.IV hergestellten Folien-Beutel eingelegt, auf 2 × 10-1 torr evakuiert und verschweißt.The panels produced under 3. were placed in the foil bags produced according to 2.I to 2.IV, evacuated to 2 × 10 -1 torr and welded.
Nach Belüften erhielt man die entsprechenden VIP. After ventilation, the corresponding VIP was received.
Hierbei fiel auf, daß die VIP mit der erfindungsgemäß dicken Folie eine wesentlich glattere Oberfläche aufwiesen als diejenigen mit einer dünnen Folie.It was noticed that the VIP with the thick film according to the invention is a significant had a smoother surface than those with a thin film.
Die noch vorhandene, geringe Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit kann durch eine Mes sung der Gewichtszunahme der VIP nach einem Lagertest bestimmt werden. Die Gewichtszunahme wurde nach einer Lagerzeit von 1 Jahr ermittelt und auf 15 Jahre hochgerechnet. Dabei wurde berücksichtigen, daß die aus dem Polyurethan-Hart schaumstoff bestehende Kernlage ein Wasserabsorptionsvermögen von etwa 0,5 bis 1% ihres Eigengewichtes aufweist und dadurch zunächst der Druck im Paneel nicht ansteigt. Die Gewichtszunahme aufgrund der Sauerstoff-, Stickstoff- und Kohlen dioxiddurchlässigkeit kann im Vergleich dazu vernachlässigt werden, da sich diese im Milligramm-Bereich bewegt.The remaining, low water vapor permeability can be measured the weight gain of the VIP can be determined after a storage test. The Weight gain was determined after a storage period of 1 year and 15 years extrapolated. It was taken into account that the polyurethane hard foam core layer has a water absorption capacity of about 0.5 to 1% of its own weight and therefore not the pressure in the panel increases. The weight gain due to the oxygen, nitrogen and carbon Dioxide permeability can be neglected in comparison, since this moved in the milligram range.
Berechnete und gemessene Gewichtszunahme aus der Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit:
Calculated and measured weight gain from water vapor permeability:
Für die unter 4. hergestellten VIP mit dem Folienaufbau 2.I bis 2.IV. wurde nach DIN 18 164 Teil 1 und 2 der Wärmedurchgang gemessen. Die Platten haben alle einen vergleichbaren Wärmedurchgang mit 9,0-9,1 mW/m°K. For the VIP manufactured under 4. with the foil structure 2.I to 2.IV. was after DIN 18 164 part 1 and 2 measured the heat transfer. The plates all have a comparable heat transfer with 9.0-9.1 mW / m ° K.
Wie in Fig. 1 an einem senkrechten Schnitt dargestellt, wurden VIP (Bezugszeichen (I)) mit dem Folienaufbau gemäß 2.I bis 2.IV, jedoch den Maßen 60 × 50 × 2,5 bzw. 50 × 50 × 2,05 in einem Tischgefriergerät vor der Montage auf die Innenseite des Außengehäuses (Bezugszeichen (2)) geklebt. Je ein weiteres VIP wurde auf die Innenseite der Tür und die Rückwand (beide in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellt) geklebt. Die VIP nehmen so einen Teil des Dämmvolumens ein. Nach der Montage des Innenge häuses (Bezugszeichen (3)) wurde das restliche Dämmvolumen konventionell mit PUR-Schaum (Bezugszeichen (4)) ausgefüllt.As shown in Fig. 1 on a vertical section, VIP (reference number (I)) with the film structure according to 2.I to 2.IV, but the dimensions 60 × 50 × 2.5 and 50 × 50 × 2.05 glued to the inside of the outer housing (reference number ( 2 )) in a table-top freezer before installation. Another VIP was glued to the inside of the door and the rear wall (both not shown in Fig. 1). The VIP thus take up part of the insulation volume. After installing the inner housing (reference number ( 3 )), the remaining insulation volume was filled with conventional PU foam (reference number ( 4 )).
Es wurden 4 Geräte mit unterschiedlichem Folienaufbau des jeweils verwendeten VIPs hergestellt.There were 4 devices with different foils used VIPs made.
Beim Einkleben waren die VIP mit erfindungsgemäß bevorzugter dicker Folie besser und dauerhaftend einzukleben, als die mit dünnen Folien, wie z. B. gemäß Aufbau 2.I. Bei Letzteren war nach dem Aufschäumen des restlichen Raumvolumens teilweise keine Haftung zwischen VIP und dem Außenbelag vorhanden.When gluing in, the VIPs with thick film preferred according to the invention were better and glue permanently than with thin films such. B. according to structure 2.I. The latter was after the remaining room volume had been foamed partially no liability between VIP and the outer surface.
Die unter 6. hergestellten Gefriergeräte wurden auf ihre Schrankziffern wie folgt
untersucht: Durch eine im inneren des Gefriergerätes angebrachte regelbare elek
trische Heizung wurde der Innenraum auf eine gegenüber der Umgebungstemperatur
um 30 bis 40°C erhöhte Temperatur gebracht. Nachdem die Innentemperatur einen
stationären Zustand erreicht hatte (in der Regel nach 4 Tagen), wurde durch die
Bestimmung der elektrischen Heizleistung und der mittleren Temperaturdifferenz
zwischen Innenraum und Umgebung über einen Zeitraum von 24 Stunden die
Schrankziffer Z (in W/°K) bestimmt, wobei die Temperaturmessung im Innenraum
durch insgesamt 6 Thermoelemente erfolgte. Hierbei wurden folgende Ergebnisse
erhalten:
The freezers manufactured under 6 were examined for their cabinet numbers as follows: The interior was brought to a temperature which was increased by 30 to 40 ° C. compared to the ambient temperature by means of a controllable electric heater fitted inside the freezer. After the internal temperature had reached a steady state (usually after 4 days), the cabinet number Z (in W / ° K) was determined by determining the electrical heating power and the average temperature difference between the interior and the surroundings over a period of 24 hours, the temperature measurement in the interior was carried out by a total of 6 thermocouples. The following results were obtained:
Wie man sieht, ist im Falle von 2.I (Aluminiumverbundfolie beidseitig) die Wärme übertragung wesentlich größer als bei der Verwendung der Kunststoffolie, und zwar auch wenn die Kunststoffolie nur einseitig in Kombination mit Aluminiumver bundfolie (2.IV) auf der anderen Seite verwendet wird.As you can see, in the case of 2.I (aluminum composite film on both sides) the heat Transfer much larger than when using the plastic film, namely even if the plastic film only on one side in combination with aluminum ver bund Folie (2.IV) is used on the other side.
Claims (11)
- 1. Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I)
- 2. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 3. Gasbarriereschicht (III)
- 4. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 5. Polyolefmschicht (IV)
- 6. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 7. mit Aluminium oder SiOx oder einem Metalloxid der 2. oder 3. Hauptgruppe bedampfte Schicht (V) im wesentlichen aus Polyester und/oder Polyamid und/oder Polypropylen.
- 1. Polyolefin heat seal layer (I)
- 2. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 3. Gas barrier layer (III)
- 4. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 5. Polyolefin layer (IV)
- 6. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 7. layer (V) vapor-coated with aluminum or SiOx or a metal oxide from the 2nd or 3rd main group, essentially made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene.
- 1. Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I)
- 2. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 3. Gasbarriereschicht (III)
- 4. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 5. Polyolefinschicht (IV)
- 6. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 7. mit Aluminium oder SiOx oder einem Metalloxid der 2. oder 3. Hauptgruppe bedampfte Schicht (V) im wesentlichen aus Polyester und/oder Polyamid und/oder Polypropylen
- 1. Polyolefin heat seal layer (I)
- 2. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 3. Gas barrier layer (III)
- 4. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 5. Polyolefin layer (IV)
- 6. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 7. layer (V) vapor-coated with aluminum or SiOx or a metal oxide from the 2nd or 3rd main group, essentially made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene
- 1. Polyolefin-Heißsiegelschicht (I)
- 2. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 3. Gasbarriereschicht (III)
- 4. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 5. Polyolefmschicht (IV)
- 6. Klebe- oder Verbindungsschicht (II)
- 7. mit Aluminium oder SiOx oder einem Metalloxid der 2. oder 3. Hauptgruppe bedampfte Schicht (V) im wesentlichen aus Polyester und/oder Polyamid und/oder Polypropylen.
- 1. Polyolefin heat seal layer (I)
- 2. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 3. Gas barrier layer (III)
- 4. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 5. Polyolefin layer (IV)
- 6. Adhesive or tie layer (II)
- 7. layer (V) vapor-coated with aluminum or SiOx or a metal oxide from the 2nd or 3rd main group, essentially made of polyester and / or polyamide and / or polypropylene.
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19915311A DE19915311A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 1999-04-03 | Vacuum insulating panel, especially for refrigerators, has a microporous core encased in a 7-layer plastic foil with a polyolefin sealing layer, a gas barrier, a polyolefin layer and a metallised polymer layer |
AU32921/00A AU3292100A (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
CA002367996A CA2367996A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
BR0009545-1A BR0009545A (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
EP00910871A EP1169525A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
TR2001/02830T TR200102830T2 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
PCT/EP2000/002511 WO2000060184A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
PL00350763A PL350763A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum-type thermally insulating panels |
MXPA01009946A MXPA01009946A (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels. |
JP2000609662A JP2002541393A (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panel |
HU0200652A HUP0200652A2 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
CN00805788A CN1345394A (en) | 1999-04-03 | 2000-03-22 | Vacuum insulation panels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19915311A DE19915311A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 1999-04-03 | Vacuum insulating panel, especially for refrigerators, has a microporous core encased in a 7-layer plastic foil with a polyolefin sealing layer, a gas barrier, a polyolefin layer and a metallised polymer layer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19915311A1 true DE19915311A1 (en) | 2000-10-05 |
Family
ID=7903544
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19915311A Withdrawn DE19915311A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 | 1999-04-03 | Vacuum insulating panel, especially for refrigerators, has a microporous core encased in a 7-layer plastic foil with a polyolefin sealing layer, a gas barrier, a polyolefin layer and a metallised polymer layer |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1169525A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002541393A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1345394A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3292100A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0009545A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2367996A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19915311A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0200652A2 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA01009946A (en) |
PL (1) | PL350763A1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200102830T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000060184A1 (en) |
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EP1338854A1 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-08-27 | Whirlpool Corporation | Vacuum-insulated refrigerator with modular frame-and-sheet structure |
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WO2004001149A2 (en) | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-31 | Sager Ag | Vacuum insulation panel, method for the heat insulation of objects and auxiliary agent therefor |
EP1500752A2 (en) | 2003-07-22 | 2005-01-26 | Sto Ag | Insulating element and heat insulation system |
WO2007010388A1 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-25 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Building material substrate having a vapor retarder |
EP1818170A1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-08-15 | Wipak Walsrode GmbH & Co. KG | Thermoformable high barrier foils for cooling applications |
WO2008026084A2 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-06 | Vestel Beyaz Esya Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S. | A method of producing outer panels of white goods |
WO2009147106A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Domestic appliance in particular refrigerator |
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-
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- 1999-04-03 DE DE19915311A patent/DE19915311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-22 MX MXPA01009946A patent/MXPA01009946A/en unknown
- 2000-03-22 JP JP2000609662A patent/JP2002541393A/en active Pending
- 2000-03-22 EP EP00910871A patent/EP1169525A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-22 WO PCT/EP2000/002511 patent/WO2000060184A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-22 BR BR0009545-1A patent/BR0009545A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-22 TR TR2001/02830T patent/TR200102830T2/en unknown
- 2000-03-22 CN CN00805788A patent/CN1345394A/en active Pending
- 2000-03-22 PL PL00350763A patent/PL350763A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-22 HU HU0200652A patent/HUP0200652A2/en unknown
- 2000-03-22 AU AU32921/00A patent/AU3292100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-22 CA CA002367996A patent/CA2367996A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2002541393A (en) | 2002-12-03 |
EP1169525A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 |
BR0009545A (en) | 2001-12-26 |
CN1345394A (en) | 2002-04-17 |
PL350763A1 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
AU3292100A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
CA2367996A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
MXPA01009946A (en) | 2002-04-24 |
WO2000060184A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
TR200102830T2 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
HUP0200652A2 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
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