RU2010154432A - REFRIGERATING UNIT USING SEVERAL REFRIGERANTS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF CHANGING THE REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION - Google Patents

REFRIGERATING UNIT USING SEVERAL REFRIGERANTS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF CHANGING THE REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION Download PDF

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RU2010154432A
RU2010154432A RU2010154432/06A RU2010154432A RU2010154432A RU 2010154432 A RU2010154432 A RU 2010154432A RU 2010154432/06 A RU2010154432/06 A RU 2010154432/06A RU 2010154432 A RU2010154432 A RU 2010154432A RU 2010154432 A RU2010154432 A RU 2010154432A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
refrigerants
refrigeration unit
cooling circuit
several
mixture
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RU2010154432/06A
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Russian (ru)
Inventor
Вольфганг Г. ХЕС (SE)
Вольфганг Г. ХЕС
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Альстом Текнолоджи Лтд. (Ch)
Альстом Текнолоджи Лтд.
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Publication of RU2010154432A publication Critical patent/RU2010154432A/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/004—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor with several tanks to collect or charge a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/20—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using solidification of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/70—Flue or combustion exhaust gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

1. Холодильная установка, использующая несколько хладагентов, содержащая контур (100) охлаждения для циркуляции смеси из одного или более хладагентов, причем контур (100) охлаждения включает в себя компрессор (101) с впускным и выпускным отверстиями; один или более сепараторов (102, 103), выполненных с возможностью отделять и удалять соответствующую фракцию хладагента из смеси хладагентов; объект (104), соединенный с выходным отверстием компрессора (101) через сепаратор(ы) (102, 103), при этом каждый из сепараторов (102, 103) соединен с соответствующим сборным резервуаром (201, 202) соответствующей выходной трубой (210, 211), каждый из сборных резервуаров (201, 202) выполнен с возможностью получать вышеуказанную фракцию хладагента от его соответствующего сепаратора (102, 103), и каждый из сборных резервуаров (201, 202) также соединен с контуром (100) охлаждения подающей трубой (207), причем подающая труба (207) сконфигурирована с возможностью подачи одной или более фракций хладагентов в контур (100) охлаждения, при этом холодильная установка, использующая несколько хладагентов, содержит также дополнительный сборный резервуар (203), соединенный с контуром (100) охлаждения дополнительной выходной трубой (214) в точке между сепараторами (102, 103) и объектом (104), причем дополнительный сборный резервуар (203) выполнен с возможностью получать фракцию хладагента от контура (100) охлаждения, где дополнительный сборный резервуар (203) также соединен с контуром (100) охлаждения подающей трубой (207). ! 2. Установка по п.1, в которой подающая труба (207) соединена с контуром (100) охлаждения в точке, находящейся между объектом (104) и входным отверстием компрессора (101). ! 3. Установка по любому из пп 1. A refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, comprising a cooling circuit (100) for circulating a mixture of one or more refrigerants, the cooling circuit (100) including a compressor (101) with inlet and outlet openings; one or more separators (102, 103), configured to separate and remove the corresponding fraction of the refrigerant from the mixture of refrigerants; an object (104) connected to the outlet of the compressor (101) through the separator (s) (102, 103), while each of the separators (102, 103) is connected to a corresponding collection tank (201, 202) with a corresponding outlet pipe (210, 211), each of the collection tanks (201, 202) is configured to receive the above refrigerant fraction from its respective separator (102, 103), and each of the collection tanks (201, 202) is also connected to the cooling circuit (100) of the supply pipe ( 207), wherein the feed pipe (207) is configured to feed one or more fractions of refrigerants in the cooling circuit (100), while the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants also contains an additional collection tank (203) connected to the cooling circuit (100) with an additional outlet pipe (214) at the point between the separators (102, 103) and object (104), and the additional collection tank (203) is configured to receive a fraction of the refrigerant from the cooling circuit (100), where the additional collecting tank (203) is also connected to the cooling circuit (100) by a supply pipe (207). ! 2. Installation according to claim 1, in which the supply pipe (207) is connected to the cooling circuit (100) at a point located between the object (104) and the compressor inlet (101). ! 3. Installation according to any one of paragraphs

Claims (11)

1. Холодильная установка, использующая несколько хладагентов, содержащая контур (100) охлаждения для циркуляции смеси из одного или более хладагентов, причем контур (100) охлаждения включает в себя компрессор (101) с впускным и выпускным отверстиями; один или более сепараторов (102, 103), выполненных с возможностью отделять и удалять соответствующую фракцию хладагента из смеси хладагентов; объект (104), соединенный с выходным отверстием компрессора (101) через сепаратор(ы) (102, 103), при этом каждый из сепараторов (102, 103) соединен с соответствующим сборным резервуаром (201, 202) соответствующей выходной трубой (210, 211), каждый из сборных резервуаров (201, 202) выполнен с возможностью получать вышеуказанную фракцию хладагента от его соответствующего сепаратора (102, 103), и каждый из сборных резервуаров (201, 202) также соединен с контуром (100) охлаждения подающей трубой (207), причем подающая труба (207) сконфигурирована с возможностью подачи одной или более фракций хладагентов в контур (100) охлаждения, при этом холодильная установка, использующая несколько хладагентов, содержит также дополнительный сборный резервуар (203), соединенный с контуром (100) охлаждения дополнительной выходной трубой (214) в точке между сепараторами (102, 103) и объектом (104), причем дополнительный сборный резервуар (203) выполнен с возможностью получать фракцию хладагента от контура (100) охлаждения, где дополнительный сборный резервуар (203) также соединен с контуром (100) охлаждения подающей трубой (207).1. A refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, comprising a cooling circuit (100) for circulating a mixture of one or more refrigerants, the cooling circuit (100) including a compressor (101) with inlet and outlet openings; one or more separators (102, 103), configured to separate and remove the corresponding fraction of the refrigerant from the mixture of refrigerants; an object (104) connected to the outlet of the compressor (101) through the separator (s) (102, 103), while each of the separators (102, 103) is connected to a corresponding collection tank (201, 202) with a corresponding outlet pipe (210, 211), each of the collection tanks (201, 202) is configured to receive the above refrigerant fraction from its respective separator (102, 103), and each of the collection tanks (201, 202) is also connected to the cooling circuit (100) of the supply pipe ( 207), wherein the feed pipe (207) is configured to feed one or more fractions of refrigerants in the cooling circuit (100), while the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants also contains an additional collection tank (203) connected to the cooling circuit (100) with an additional outlet pipe (214) at the point between the separators (102, 103) and object (104), and the additional collection tank (203) is configured to receive a fraction of the refrigerant from the cooling circuit (100), where the additional collecting tank (203) is also connected to the cooling circuit (100) by a supply pipe (207). 2. Установка по п.1, в которой подающая труба (207) соединена с контуром (100) охлаждения в точке, находящейся между объектом (104) и входным отверстием компрессора (101).2. Installation according to claim 1, in which the supply pipe (207) is connected to the cooling circuit (100) at a point located between the object (104) and the compressor inlet (101). 3. Установка по любому из пп.1-2, в которой каждая выходная труба (210, 211, 214) также соединена с раструбом (208).3. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 2, in which each outlet pipe (210, 211, 214) is also connected to the socket (208). 4. Установка по любому из пп.1-2, в которой объектом является контейнер заморозки углекислого газа.4. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 2, in which the object is a container for freezing carbon dioxide. 5. Способ изменения состава смеси хладагентов холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, причем вышеуказанный способ содержит следующие этапы: а) удаление одной или более фракций из смеси хладагентов из холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, причем вышеуказанные фракции имеют разный состав; b) подача пара хладагента в холодильную установку, использующую несколько хладагентов, так, что состав смеси хладагентов, холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, изменяется и получается новый состав, причем новый состав отличается от состава пара хладагента; и с) сохранение на этапах а) и b) смеси хладагентов холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, в количестве, позволяющем функционировать холодильной установке, использующей несколько хладагентов; таким образом, позволяя изменять состав смеси хладагентов в процессе работы холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, при этом одна или более, а предпочтительно все, фракции, удаляемые на этапе а) хранятся отдельно, и количество фракций, удаляемых на этапе а), равно или меньше, а предпочтительно равно, количеству хладагентов в смеси хладагентов холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов.5. A method for changing the composition of a mixture of refrigerants of a refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, the above method comprising the following steps: a) removing one or more fractions from the mixture of refrigerants from the refrigeration system using several refrigerants, the above fractions having a different composition; b) supplying refrigerant vapor to a refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, so that the composition of the mixture of refrigerants, the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants is changed and a new composition is obtained, the new composition being different from the composition of the refrigerant vapor; and c) the storage in steps a) and b) of the refrigerant mixture of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants in an amount that allows the functioning of the refrigeration system using several refrigerants; thus, allowing you to change the composition of the mixture of refrigerants during operation of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, while one or more, and preferably all, fractions removed in step a) are stored separately, and the number of fractions removed in step a) is equal to or less, and preferably equal to, the amount of refrigerants in the refrigerant mixture of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants. 6. Способ по п.5, в котором пар хладагента, подаваемый на этапе b), содержит, а предпочтительно состоит из, одной или более вышеуказанных хранящихся фракций.6. The method according to claim 5, in which the refrigerant vapor supplied in step b) comprises, and preferably consists of, one or more of the above-mentioned stored fractions. 7. Способ по п.5, в котором фракции, удаляемые на этапе а), являются отбракованными.7. The method according to claim 5, in which the fractions removed in step a) are rejected. 8. Способ по п.7, в котором количество фракций, удаляемых на этапе а), равно одной.8. The method according to claim 7, in which the number of fractions removed in step a) is equal to one. 9. Способ по любому из п.6, в котором в каждой из хранящихся фракций поддерживается давление, значение которого находится между значением давления смеси хладагентов холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, в точке, где на этапе а) происходит удаление соответствующей фракции, и значением давления смеси хладагентов холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, в точке, где осуществляется этап b).9. The method according to any one of claim 6, wherein a pressure is maintained in each of the stored fractions, the value of which is between the pressure of the refrigerant mixture of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, at the point where the corresponding fraction is removed in step a) and the value the pressure of the refrigerant mixture of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants at the point where step b) is carried out. 10. Способ по любому из п.5, в котором каждую из фракций, удаляемых на этапе а), удаляют в той точке холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, где давление смеси хладагентов выше давления в точке холодильной установки, использующей несколько хладагентов, где осуществляется этап b).10. The method according to any one of claim 5, in which each of the fractions removed in step a) is removed at that point in the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, where the pressure of the refrigerant mixture is higher than the pressure at the point of the refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, where step b). 11. Способ по п.5, в котором холодильная установка, использующая несколько хладагентов, охлаждает контейнер с углекислым газом. 11. The method according to claim 5, in which a refrigeration unit using several refrigerants, cools the container with carbon dioxide.
RU2010154432/06A 2008-06-05 2009-06-03 REFRIGERATING UNIT USING SEVERAL REFRIGERANTS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF CHANGING THE REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION RU2010154432A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5894708P 2008-06-05 2008-06-05
US61/058,947 2008-06-05
US12/474,567 US20090301108A1 (en) 2008-06-05 2009-05-29 Multi-refrigerant cooling system with provisions for adjustment of refrigerant composition
US12/474,567 2009-05-29

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RU2010154432A true RU2010154432A (en) 2012-07-20

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IL208861A0 (en) 2011-01-31
AU2009253894A1 (en) 2009-12-10
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US20090301108A1 (en) 2009-12-10

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