CN101935078B - Sea water desalination device and method - Google Patents
Sea water desalination device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101935078B CN101935078B CN2010102876873A CN201010287687A CN101935078B CN 101935078 B CN101935078 B CN 101935078B CN 2010102876873 A CN2010102876873 A CN 2010102876873A CN 201010287687 A CN201010287687 A CN 201010287687A CN 101935078 B CN101935078 B CN 101935078B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses a sea water desalination device and a sea water desalination method. The device comprises a water storage tank, wherein the water storage tank is connected with a water inlet pipe; the top of the water storage tank is provided with a steam outlet; a first condenser is arranged in the water storage tank; one end of the first condenser is connected with a compressor which is connected with an evaporator; a water collection channel is formed below the evaporator; the device is provided with a cavity; the steam outlet is communicated with the cavity; the cavity is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with the exterior; the evaporator is arranged in the cavity; the cavity is provided with an air outlet on the evaporator; the air outlet is provided with a fan; the cavity is provided with an air return port which is communicated with the air outlet; the output end of the first condenser is connected with a second condenser; the second condenser is communicated with the evaporator; and an expansion valve is arranged between the second condenser and the evaporator. The method comprises a step of simultaneously obtaining fresh water from sea water and air. The sea water desalination device and the sea water desalination method of the invention have the advantages of high fresh water yield, low energy consumption, simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apparatus and method of sea water desaltination.
Background technology
Sea water desaltination truly grows up later in World War II.Because international capital Devoting Major Efforts To Developing Middle East oil develops this regional economy rapidly, and population increases fast, grow with each passing day to the demand of Freshwater resources in the area of this script arid after the war.And the geographical position of Middle East uniqueness and weather condition, in addition its abundant Energy resources again so that sea water desaltination becomes the reality that this area solves the shortage of fresh water problem and selects, and have proposed the requirement of maximizing to sea water desalinating plant.
Up to the present, method for desalting seawater has cold method, distillation method, electrolytic process, reverse osmosis method.
Cold method, namely freezing seawater makes it icing, and salt is separated when liquid fresh water becomes solid ice, although this method can be from seawater separate fresh,, cold method will become solid with liquid, need to consume many energy, and the fresh water taste that obtains is not good, is difficult to use.
Distillation method mainly contains: multistage flash evaporation, low-temperature multi-effect and three kinds of technology of pressure steam distillation.Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalting is with the seawater through heating, evaporates in the flashing chamber that a plurality of pressure reduce gradually successively, and vapor condensation is obtained fresh water; The low-temperature multiple-effect seawater desalination technology refers to that the high evaporation temperature of salt solution is lower than 70 ℃ desalination techniques, it is characterized in that a series of level pipe sprinkling falling-film evaporator is together in series, with evaporation and the condensation of a certain amount of steam input by repeatedly, back vaporization temperature once all is lower than the front once, thereby obtains being multiple times than the desalination process of the distilled water of quantity of steam; Press the steam distillation desalination technology, after being seawater preheating, enter vaporizer and part evaporation in vaporizer, be incorporated into the heated side of vaporizer behind the compressed machine compression of the secondary steam that the produces raising pressure, draw as product water behind the vapor condensation, so realize the recycle of heat energy.All above-mentioned distillation method need steam or electric power as thermal source, the heating evaporation seawater, distillation method generally needs heating of seawater to more than the boiling point, produce steam, this method equipment volume is large, structure is complicated, cost is high, investment is large, the energy that consumes is many, if adopt the pyrogenic distillation mode, also easily causes fouling and the corrosion of equipment.
The electrolytic process method is anode membrane and the cavity block alternative arrangement of selecting perviousness with having, thereby form a plurality of separate compartments seawater is desalinated, and the adjacent compartments seawater is concentrated, fresh water is separated with condensed water, and electrolytic process need to consume a large amount of electric energy, and water production rate is not high yet, therefore, cost is high.
Reverse osmosis method is exactly under certain pressure, and seawater is pressed into reverse osmosis membrane, and this film only allows the water molecules in the seawater to see through, and most molecules of salt are stopped, thereby obtains fresh water.For reverse osmosis seawater desalting, the factor that affects the cost maximum is electricity expense usefulness, secondly is medicament expense and film replacement charge, and again, water production rate is not high, and therefore, cost is also high.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of the present invention provides a kind of device of sea water desaltination, utilizes sea water desalinating plant of the present invention, can improve the water production rate of fresh water, and simple in structure, cost is low.
The second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of sea water desaltination, utilizes method for desalting seawater of the present invention, and the water production rate of fresh water is high, and energy consumption is low.
For achieving the above object, a kind of device of sea water desaltination comprises water tank, is connected with water inlet pipe on the water tank, and water inlet pipe is provided with water intaking valve, and the top of water tank has vapour outlet; Be provided with the first condenser in the water tank, an end of the first condenser is connected with compressor, and compressor is connected with vaporizer; The below of vaporizer is provided with the collection tank; Collect tank and be provided with water outlet; Have a cavity, described vapour outlet communicates with cavity, and cavity is provided with a blast inlet that is in communication with the outside, described vaporizer is located in the cavity, be positioned at the vaporizer place on the cavity and be provided with air outlet, the air outlet place is provided with blower fan, and cavity is provided with the return air inlet that is communicated with air outlet; The output terminal of described the first condenser is connected with the second condenser, and the second condenser is communicated with vaporizer, and is provided with expansion valve between the second condenser and vaporizer; The second condenser and vaporizer are arranged side by side, and the second condenser is positioned at the side near blower fan.
The method of sea water desaltination comprises desalination process and coolant circulating process, the desalination process is: (1) opens water intaking valve, purifying sea water enters in the water tank from water inlet pipe, the first condenser carries out heat exchange in water tank makes purifying sea water be vaporized into water vapor, and water vapor enters in the cavity through vapour outlet; Under the effect of blower fan, cavity forms negative pressure, so that extraneous air enters in the cavity from blast inlet, air and water vapour mix; (2) under the effect of blower fan, the water vapor in the cavity and air enter into vaporizer and carry out heat exchange, drop in the collection tank so that water vapor and the cooling of airborne moisture are condensed into water, enter into the water of collecting tank and discharge by water outlet; (3) ridity of the air of process evaporator cools increases, and carries out heat exchange through the refrigerant in the second condenser and the second condenser, and last, the air of drying is discharged from air outlet, and the part air forms internal recycle in return air inlet enters into cavity.The working cycle of refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the first condenser carries out heat exchange in water tank, emit heat, refrigerant becomes liquid and is transported in the second condenser, in the second condenser, refrigerant carries out heat exchange with the air of process vaporizer, further reduce the temperature of refrigerant, air themperature through the second condenser raises, the temperature that raises is less than 1 ℃, then, the liquid coolant that becomes low-temp low-pressure through expansion valve decompression cooling is transported in the vaporizer, refrigerant and water vapour and air carry out heat exchange in vaporizer, refrigerant becomes gas and is transported in the compressor, and the gas that is compacted into High Temperature High Pressure in compressor is transported in the first condenser, carries out heat exchange with purifying sea water.
Because the fresh water that obtains is simultaneously from two-part water source, a part is seawater, and another part is airborne water, and airborne water content is high, does not need to buy, and therefore, has not only improved the water production rate of fresh water, and, also reduced cost.In addition, not only temperature is low for the air of process vaporizer and the second condenser, and ridity is large, when continuing internal recycle from return air inlet in the cavity time, strengthened the vaporizer both sides convection current, strengthened the temperature head from water vapor and the air that comes from the outside of vapour outlet, therefore, to the absorption of water vapor more soon, more many, more abundant, thereby further improved the water production rate of fresh water.The further temperature that reduces from the liquid of the first condenser of the second condenser is set, because most of heat of refrigerant is cleaned Absorption by Sea Water in the first condenser, therefore, the cooling extent of refrigerant is smaller in the second condenser, atmosphere temperature rising amplitude through the second condenser is also smaller, expansion valve is set, after the liquid refrigerant process throttle orifice throttling of expansion valve of High Temperature High Pressure, become the vaporific hydraulic pressure refrigeration agent of low-temp low-pressure, for the evaporation of refrigeration agent creates conditions, in addition, can control the flow of refrigeration agent: behind the liquid refrigerant process vaporizer that enters vaporizer, refrigeration agent is evaporated to gaseous state by liquid state, absorb heat, reduce the temperature in the vaporizer external world, the flow of expansion valve control refrigeration agent, the outlet that guarantees vaporizer is entirely gaseous refrigerant, if flow is excessive, outlet contains liquid refrigerant may enter generation liquid hammer in the compressor, if refrigerant flow is too small, evaporate in advance, cause refrigeration not enough, like this, the fluid temperature in the vaporizer is lower on the one hand, and is better to the condensation effect of water vapor and air, more abundant, on the other hand, the temperature low pressure of the gas in vaporizer enters into compressor is low, plays the effect of protection compressor; The second condenser and vaporizer are arranged side by side, and the second condenser is positioned at the side near blower fan, and air at first increases through the evaporator dry degree, then, has further improved the ridity of air through the second condenser.In the present invention, obtain fresh water, not need to consume large electric energy, therefore, whole device energy-wasting is little, and simple in structure.
As improvement, described water tank is provided with sewage draining exit, is connected with blow-off pipe on the sewage draining exit, and blow-off pipe is provided with wash water valve.When producing sewage and impurity in the water tank, then discharge by sewage draining exit and blow-off pipe, played the effect of timely cleaning water tank.
As improvement, described water outlet is provided with water treatment device.Be processed into the water that directly to drink from water outlet water out by filtration or reverse osmosis.
As improvement, be provided with automatic ball float in the described water tank.Automatically ball float is used for the water level height in the automatic control water storage tank, to realize automatic water-supply.
As improvement, the bottom surface of described collection tank is from left and right sides phase intermediate, inclined.Collect the interior water of tank from two side direction intermediate flows, like this, in collecting tank, be not easy to form the impurity such as dirt.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sea water desalinating plant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further elaborated.
The device of a kind of sea water desaltination as shown in Figure 1 comprises water tank 1, is connected with water inlet pipe 2 on the water tank 1, and water inlet pipe 2 is provided with water intaking valve 3, and the top of water tank 1 has the vapour outlet (not shown); Bottom at water tank 1 has sewage draining exit, be connected with blow-off pipe 4 on the sewage draining exit, blow-off pipe 4 is provided with wash water valve 5, in water tank, there are sewage or impurity etc. to need to discharge water tanks 1, open wash water valve 4, the material such as sewage or impurity is discharged by sewage draining exit and blow-off pipe 5, like this, can clear up timely water tank.Automatic ball float 6 is set water tank 1 is interior, the water level in can the automatic decision water tank, thus realize easily automatic water-supply and limitation water-feeding.
The input terminus that is provided with the first condenser 100, the first condensers in water tank 1 is connected with compressor 7, and output terminal connects the second condenser 8, and the input terminus of compressor 7 is connected with vaporizer 9, and vaporizer 9 is communicated with the second condenser 11 by expansion valve 10.Below vaporizer 9, be provided with and collect tank 21, collect the bottom surface of tank 21 from left and right sides phase intermediate, inclined, like this, in collecting tank, be not easy to form the impurity such as dirt, have water outlet 22 in the middle of the bottom surface of collecting tank, water outlet 22 is provided with the water treatment device 23 that is processed into the water that can directly drink by filtration or reverse osmosis.
Have a cavity 12, cavity 12 has blast inlet 13, air outlet 14 and return air inlet 15, and air outlet 14 is positioned at vaporizer and the second condenser place, and return air inlet 15 goes out to be equipped with blower fan 16 at air outlet 14 between blast inlet 13 and air outlet 14.Described vaporizer and the second condenser are in the cavity 12, vaporizer and the second condenser are arranged side by side, and close blower fan one side of the second condenser, and air at first increases through the evaporator dry degree, then, further improved the ridity of air through the second condenser.
The method of sea water desaltination comprises desalination process and coolant circulating process, wherein desalination process is: (1) opens water intaking valve 3, purifying sea water enters in the water tank 1 from water inlet pipe 2, the first condenser carries out heat exchange in water tank 1 makes purifying sea water be vaporized into water vapor, and water vapor enters in the cavity 12 through vapour outlet; Under the effect of blower fan 16, cavity 12 interior formation negative pressure are mixed with water vapor so that extraneous air enters in the cavity 12 from blast inlet 13; (2) under the effect of blower fan 16, water vapor in the cavity 12 and air enter into vaporizer 9 and carry out heat exchange, drop in the collection tank 21 so that water vapor and the cooling of airborne moisture are condensed into water, enter into the water of collecting tank and discharge by water outlet; (3) increase of dry air degree, the temperature through vaporizer reduces, then, behind the second condenser, ridity further increases and carries out heat exchange with refrigerant in the second condenser, at last, under the effect of blower fan, discharge from air outlet 14, and the part air enters into through return air inlet 15 and forms internal recycle in the cavity; Internal recycle is low to the air themperature in the cavity, ridity is large because continuing from return air inlet, strengthened the vaporizer both sides convection current, strengthened the temperature head of water vapor and air, therefore, to the absorption of water vapor more soon, more many, more abundant, thereby the water production rate of fresh water increases greatly.
The working cycle of refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the first condenser 100 carries out heat exchange in water tank 1, emit heat, refrigerant becomes liquid and is transported in the second condenser 8, in the second condenser 8, refrigerant carries out heat exchange with the air of process vaporizer, further reduce the temperature of refrigerant, air themperature through the second condenser raises, owing to being cleaned seawater, the most of heat at the first condenser 100 interior refrigerants takes away, therefore, the temperature that raises is less than 1 ℃, then, the liquid coolant that the 10 decompression coolings of process expansion valve become low-temp low-pressure is transported in the vaporizer 9, refrigerant and water vapour and air carry out heat exchange in vaporizer 9, refrigerant becomes gas and is transported in the compressor 7, and the gas that is compacted into High Temperature High Pressure in compressor 7 is transported in the first condenser 100, carries out heat exchange with purifying sea water.
Because the fresh water that obtains is from two-part water source, a part is seawater, and part is airborne water in addition, and, airborne water content is high, does not need to buy, and comes comparison with existing simple method of refining fresh water from seawater, not only improved the water production rate of fresh water, and, cost also reduced.
Claims (10)
1. the device of a sea water desaltination comprises water tank, is connected with water inlet pipe on the water tank, and water inlet pipe is provided with water intaking valve, and the top of water tank has vapour outlet; Be provided with the first condenser in the water tank, an end of the first condenser is connected with compressor, and compressor is connected with vaporizer; The below of vaporizer is provided with the collection tank; Collect tank and be provided with water outlet; It is characterized in that: have a cavity, described vapour outlet communicates with cavity, and cavity is provided with a blast inlet that is in communication with the outside, described vaporizer is located in the cavity, be positioned at the vaporizer place on the cavity and be provided with air outlet, the air outlet place is provided with blower fan, and cavity is provided with the return air inlet that is communicated with air outlet; The output terminal of described the first condenser is connected with the second condenser, and the second condenser is communicated with vaporizer, and is provided with expansion valve between the second condenser and vaporizer; The second condenser and vaporizer are arranged side by side, and the second condenser is positioned at the side near blower fan.
2. the device of a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water tank is provided with sewage draining exit, is connected with blow-off pipe on the sewage draining exit, and blow-off pipe is provided with wash water valve.
3. the device of a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1, its spy just is: described water outlet is provided with water treatment device.
4. the device of a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with automatic ball float in the described water tank.
5. the device of a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described collection tank is from the left and right sides to intermediate, inclined.
6. the method for a sea water desaltination, its step comprises desalination process and coolant circulating process,
The desalination process is:
(1) open water intaking valve, purifying sea water enters in the water tank from water inlet pipe, and the first condenser carries out heat exchange in water tank makes purifying sea water be vaporized into water vapor, and water vapor enters in the cavity through vapour outlet; Under the effect of blower fan, form negative pressure in the cavity, so that extraneous air enters in the cavity from blast inlet, air and water vapour mix;
(2) under the effect of blower fan, the water vapor in the cavity and air enter into vaporizer and carry out heat exchange, drop in the collection tank so that water vapor and the cooling of airborne moisture are condensed into water, enter into the water of collecting tank and discharge by water outlet;
(3) ridity of the air of process evaporator cools increases, and carries out heat exchange through the refrigerant in the second condenser and the second condenser, and last, the air of drying is discharged from air outlet, and the part air forms internal recycle in return air inlet enters into cavity;
The working cycle of refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the first condenser carries out heat exchange in water tank, emit heat, refrigerant becomes liquid and is transported in the second condenser, in the second condenser, refrigerant carries out heat exchange with the air of process vaporizer, further reduce the temperature of refrigerant, air themperature through the second condenser raises, the temperature that raises is less than 1 ℃, then, the liquid coolant that becomes low-temp low-pressure through expansion valve decompression cooling is transported in the vaporizer, refrigerant and water vapour and air carry out heat exchange in vaporizer, refrigerant becomes gas and is transported in the compressor, and the gas that is compacted into High Temperature High Pressure in compressor is transported in the first condenser, carries out heat exchange with purifying sea water.
7. a kind of method for desalting seawater according to claim 6 is characterized in that: sewage and impurity are discharged by sewage draining exit and blow-off pipe.
8. a kind of method for desalting seawater according to claim 6 is characterized in that: be processed into the water that can directly drink from water outlet water out by filtration or reverse osmosis.
9. a kind of method for desalting seawater according to claim 6 is characterized in that: ball float is used for the water level height in the automatic control water storage tank automatically.
10. a kind of method for desalting seawater according to claim 6 is characterized in that: collect the interior water of tank from two side direction intermediate flows.
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| CN2010102876873A CN101935078B (en) | 2010-09-20 | 2010-09-20 | Sea water desalination device and method |
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| CN2010102876873A CN101935078B (en) | 2010-09-20 | 2010-09-20 | Sea water desalination device and method |
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| CN101935078A CN101935078A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
| CN101935078B true CN101935078B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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| CN105439223B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-07-10 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | A kind of pressed-steam type REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE desalination plant |
| CN109020028A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 林方杰 | A kind of method for desalting seawater |
| CN110563234B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-12-03 | 衡阳远通物流有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption seawater desalination system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101324383A (en) * | 2008-07-12 | 2008-12-17 | 赵海波 | Novel sea water heat pump cold, heat, hot water and fresh water tetrad feed system |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101324383A (en) * | 2008-07-12 | 2008-12-17 | 赵海波 | Novel sea water heat pump cold, heat, hot water and fresh water tetrad feed system |
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Denomination of invention: Sea water desalination device and method Effective date of registration: 20190322 Granted publication date: 20130116 Pledgee: Guangzhou Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. Airport Economic Zone Branch Pledgor: Guangzhou Jinlun Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2019440000113 |
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