RU2004595C1 - Method and device for smelting steel - Google Patents

Description

The operation of the hearth furnace according to the invention will increase productivity up to 1,000,000 t / g at a flow rate of molten iron of 400-600 kg / t of steel when using scrap metal of an open-hearth assortment.

The drawing shows a device for implementing the method, comprising a melting chamber 1 with a water-cooled neck, a connecting pipe 2, a drum-heater 3 of a scrap with a turning and tilting mechanism, an elbow 4 of the chimney, a chamber 5 for preheating scrap metal, a container 6 for draining non-ferrous metals, a smoke path 7 with a recovery boiler and dust cleaning, water-cooled sealing rings 8, water-cooled loading hatch 9.

Chamber 1 comprises a hearth with oxygen tuyeres built into its masonry below the level of the bathtub for supplying oxygen together with fuel (powder, liquid or gaseous), a window for refueling and gunning the masonry of the walls and roof, as well as taking samples of metal and controlling melting; front and rear walls equipped with lances for afterburning gas emitted from the bath; a vault with a neck for filling scrap reinforced with a water-cooled ring with guides for abutting the cylindrical scrap heater drum while loading the scrap into the melting chamber; vault lances and fuel and oxygen burners.

The connecting pipe 2 consists of a casing lined with refractory bricks and contains water-cooled rings 8 in places of contact with the neck of the arch and with the water-cooled ring of the rotary (rotary) scrap heater drum 3. The connecting pipe 2 allows the drum 3 to be tilted to touch the neck of the chamber 1.

The scrap drum heater 3 comprises a casing lined with a dense wear-resistant refractory with water-cooled sealing rings 8 on the inlet and outlet sides, rotation and swing (tilt) mechanisms, and a loading hatch 9 for filling the scrap for heating. The lining of the drum 3 is configured to collect liquid non-ferrous metals and alloys.

The elbow 4 of the chimney contains a casing lined with fireclay, limited by a water-cooled sealing ring 8. At the exit, the chimney passes into a specially equipped chamber 5 for pre-heating the scrap in containers (trays, boxes).

The scrap pre-heating chamber 5 is made with the possibility of loading it with containers (boxes, trays) with scrap metal and is equipped with sealed two to five p.

Tanks 6 for draining non-ferrous non-ferrous metals are adapted to receive them when the scrap heater drum is tilted.

0 The smoke path 7 is equipped with waste heat boilers, gas purifiers and smoke exhausters on each side of the furnace.

The device operates as follows.

5 Scrap metal in containers is loaded by a crane into the drum heater 3 through a special loading hatch 9 in the upper part of the drum, which is closed by a lined lid. Outgoing from the melting chamber

0 1 flue gases are directed through the cavity of the rotating (turning) heater drum 3 (for 0.5-1.0 minutes, turn 180-270 ° and for the same time turn in the opposite direction), as a result, the scrap is heated to 600 -1000 ° С and after the previous melting is discharged from the furnace after filling the hearths, they are loaded into the bath of melting chamber 1 by tilting the drum heater 3 to an angle exceeding the angle of the corresponding slope for the heated scrap, while simultaneously rotating around the longitudinal axis of the drum heater 3. For complete cleaning of the drum from the remnants of meth an allol in a drum 3 is inserted a stock-scrap5 side of a pusher.

After filling the heated scrap metal into chamber 1, they include fuel-oxygen burners with a feed of (30-55) -10b kcal / h, liquid cast iron (30-60% by weight of the metal charge) is poured with the simultaneous inclusion of vaulted and deep oxygen tuyeres. In this case, the arched tuyeres operate in the mode of afterburning carbon monoxide over the bathtub. The combustion products are sent by means of smoke gates through the scrap heaters 3 of the scrap, which are loaded with new portions of scrap metal while casting, in a horizontal position. At this time, a container with cold scrap metal is introduced into the scrap pre-heating chamber 5 and the chamber doors are sealed.

During the heating of scrap in the movable 5 drum-heater 3, non-ferrous metals contaminating scrap metal are smelted and collected in the cavity of the masonry. After complete heating and melting of the non-ferrous scrap and collection of non-ferrous liquid metals, their E1 is released into a special container 6.

During loading of one heating chamber (drum), flue gases are discharged from the chamber 1 through another drum 3 on the opposite side of the furnace into the pipe, thereby preventing flue gases from being knocked out into the atmosphere of the workshop.

The technical result of the invention is to increase productivity

furnace to 1000000 tons of steel / year (i.e., 2-3 times), reducing the consumption of pig iron to 400-600 kg / t of steel, in saving energy resources per 100 kg of standard fuel per 1 t of steel and in improving the ecology of the process.

(56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 393553, cl. C 21 C 5/04, 1971.

Patent of Czechoslovakia, cl. C 21 C 5/38, 1972.

Claims (3)

1. A method of steel smelting, including preliminary heating of scrap metal gases emitted from the unit while continuously stirring it in a rotating drum, loading heated scrap metal into the unit, cast iron casting, and bath purging with oxygen, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, reduce cast iron consumption, saving energy, improving the ecology of the process, when scrap metal is heated, the drum is rotated alternately around its longitudinal axis by an angle of 180-270 in 0.5-1.0 minutes, and the scrap is heated by ext. 2. The method according to claim 1. characterized in that, in order to clean scrap metal from non-ferrous metals and alloys, non-ferrous talls and alloys are smelted from the scrap metal during its heating, collected and removed by discharge. 3. A unit for steelmaking, containing a melting chamber with a bathtub and tuyeres for blowing metal and afterburning the exhaust gas, horizontally mounted in the exhaust duct with the possibility of rotation and inclination in the vertical plane of the lined drum for heating scrap metal, connected to the exhaust duct with end sealing rings, characterized in that it is equipped with a chamber for preheating of scrap metal installed in the gas outlet path behind a rotating drum, which is configured to alternating-sign of rotation and has a water-cooled loading hatch, and end sealing rings are water-cooled, cavity-cavity for collecting liquid colored at the same time, metals and alloys are made in the lining of the drum.  J s f g / j / A z y "" # ™ bnfrr