RU196681U1 - Phased threshing of cobs of seed corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used in the development of devices for threshing cobs of seed corn in primary seed production. The proposed device for stage-by-stage threshing of cobs of seed corn allows to increase the productivity of the device, reduce the energy intensity of the process, reduce the metal consumption of the structure and minimize the amount of damage to the grain by partially threshing the ears in the process of orienting them before feeding to the threshing chamber. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, and can be used in the development of devices for threshing cobs of seed corn in primary seed production.

A known method of threshing and cleaning grain and a device for its implementation (RU 2269887 C2, A01F 12/18 (2006.01), 02.20.2006), in which the threshed material is moved by air flow, while the design of the device contains a vortex tube, a discharge fan and a tangential discharge pneumatic lines [1].

A known method of threshing grain and a device for its implementation (SU 1375177 A1, A01D 91/00 (2000.01), A01F 12/18 (2000.01), 02/23/1988), in which the rotation of the threshed culture is carried out mechanically together with the rotation of its gas stream, the design of the device includes receivers for grain, a vortex tube with a nozzle output, a diaphragm with perforations, a window with a valve, an electric motor and a fan [2].

The main disadvantage of these devices is the high material consumption of the structure and high energy intensity of the process, which is due to the desire to provide a minimum percentage of damaged grain, to realize the complete threshing of randomly moving ears in a vortex tube in one cycle without preliminary preparation. In addition, in the design of the devices there are no intensifiers of the vortex flow, which reduces its driving ability.

A threshing-separating device with a system for orientally feeding corn ears to threshing is known (RU 171115 U1, A01F 11/06 (2006.01), 05/22/2017), in which the ears are pre-oriented in space parallel to the axis of the rotor, and then fed to the threshing chamber. The device contains a receiving hopper for ears of corn, orienting and dispensing device, deck, rotor, grain hopper, sieve, fan, frame and mechanism for changing the angle of the threshing chamber relative to the horizon [3].

The main disadvantage of this device is the inability to partially grind the corn cobs without grain damage during orientation, before being fed to the threshing chamber, which reduces the productivity of the device and increases the energy consumption of the threshing process.

The design of the phased threshing of cobs of seed corn is based on the task of increasing the productivity of the device, reducing the energy intensity of the process, reducing the metal consumption of the structure and minimizing the amount of damage to the grain by partially threshing the cobs in the process of orienting them before feeding them to an axial rotary thresher.

This is achieved by the fact that the phased threshing of the cobs of seed corn contains a loading device for moving the cobs of corn by means of a swirling air flow, the stage of partial threshing of the cobs of corn and in a strictly defined spatial position for feeding prepared cobs to the axial-rotary thresher for the main stage of threshing and grinding cobs in hard-to-reach places. At the same time, the inner surface of the loading hopper is equipped with vortex flow intensifiers in the form of rods connected in a spiral fashion to the hopper, which provides local turbulence at the periphery of the air vortex created by tangential air supply from the fan into the hopper near its bottom. Local swirls increase the carrying capacity of the vortex air flow and, in turn, the friction force of the corn cobs against each other and on the inner surface of the hopper with intensifiers, which provides partial threshing and a change in their position in space, which allows the corn cobs to be brought out through the discharge window at the bottom of the boot feed the hopper and the tray into the axial rotary thresher.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show a phased threshing device for cobs of seed corn and a loading device:

FIG. 1 - device phased threshing cobs of seed corn, side view;

FIG. 2 - loading device in isometry, rear view;

FIG. 3 is a loading device in an isometric view from the front with a section along AA in FIG. 2.

The design of the phased threshing of corn cobs consists of a loading device with a fan 1, a neck 2, a loading hopper 3 and a tray 4, an axial-rotary thresher 5 with a rotor 6 and a drive from an electric motor and gearbox 7, a threshed grain hopper 8. The loading device is made with the ability to move the ears of corn in the feed hopper 3 by means of a swirling air flow and feed the ears of corn through the tray 4 to the axial rotary thresher 5. The inner surface l the loading hopper 3 is equipped with vortex air flow intensifiers 9 in the form of rods connected in a spiral fashion to create local vortices on the periphery of the vortex air flow and increase its bearing capacity, provide partial threshing and change the position of the corn cobs in space, partially feed threshed corn cobs through the unloading window 10 at the bottom of the loading hopper 3 and along the tray 4 into the axial-rotary thresher 5. In addition, the bottom of the loading hopper 3 and the bottom of the tray 4 are made lattice for the removal of threshed grain in the feed hopper 3 into the hopper of threshed grain 8.

The phased threshing of cobs of seed corn works as follows. Loaded corn cobs loaded into the neck 2 are fed by gravity to the loading hopper 3, into which, under its bottom, the fan 1 tangentially delivers air under pressure. The created vortex air flow facilitates the movement of corn cobs in the feed hopper 3 and causes the corn cobs to rub against each other and on the inner surface of the feed hopper 3 with intensifiers 9, which allows partially grinding the corn cobs at the first stage. Using a swirling air flow, partially threshed corn cobs change the spatial position and feed them through the window 10 at the bottom of the loading hopper 3 and through the tray 4 to the axial-rotary thresher 5, where, under the action of a rotating rotor 6 driven by an electric motor and gearbox 7, the steps of the main threshing and grinding of corn cobs in hard-to-reach places. In this case, the threshed grain in the feed hopper 3 through the trellised bottom of the tray 4, as well as the threshed grain in the axial-rotary thresher 5 are discharged into the threshed grain hopper 8.

The proposed device for stage-by-stage threshing of cobs of seed corn allows to increase the productivity of the device, reduce the energy intensity of the process, reduce the metal consumption of the structure and minimize the amount of damage to the grain by partially threshing the ears in the process of orienting them before feeding them to an axial-rotary thresher.

Sources of information

1. RU 2269887 C2, A01F 12/18 (2006.01), 02.20.2006. The method of threshing and cleaning grain and a device for its implementation.

2. SU 1375177 A1, A01D91 / 00 (2000.01), A01F 12/18 (2000.01), 02.23.1988. The method of threshing grain and a device for its implementation.

3. RU 171115 U1, A01F 11/06 (2006.01), 05.22.2017. Threshing and separating device with a system of oriented feed of corn cobs for threshing.

Claims (1)

A phased threshing device for cobs of seed corn containing a loading device, a fan, a neck, a loading hopper, a tray, an axial-rotary thresher, a rotor, a drive from an electric motor and a gearbox, a threshed grain hopper, characterized in that the loading device is configured to move the ears of corn into loading hopper by means of swirling air flow and feeding corn cobs through a tray into an axial-rotary thresher, while the inner surface of the loading bun The plant is equipped with vortex air flow intensifiers in the form of rods connected in a spiral fashion to create local vortices on the periphery of the vortex air stream and increase its bearing capacity, provide partial threshing and changing the position of the corn cobs in space, feeding partially threshed corn cobs through the unloading a window in the bottom of the loading hopper and on the tray into the axial-rotary thresher, in addition, the bottom of the loading hopper and the bottom of the tray are made lattice for threshing grain threshed in a feed hopper into a threshed grain hopper.

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