RU195365U1 - SELECTION SEEDER FOR ONE-GRAIN SEED SEEDING - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the designs of seeders for single-grain sowing of seeds in the areas of selection and variety testing. Essence: a selection seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds contains a frame mounted on the chassis, and on top of which there is a loading funnel, under which is the seed tube, through which the seeds enter the corresponding sowing devices located below the frame. Each sowing apparatus of a disk design is equipped with an unloading seed unloading unit and furrow forming devices for placing sown seeds in them and closing furrows after sowing seeds, as well as a rolling roller. The operator’s workplace is located on the frame, including a seat, in front of which a work table is mounted on the frame for placing seed on it and a control panel (regulation) of the seed sowing process, and folding markers are placed on the sides of the frame. The hopper is equipped with an ejector connected to a common supercharger of air flow, which provides for the forced movement of seeds through the seed tubes to vacuum sowing devices. The unloading seed unloading unit is made in the form of a mechanically openable flap, under which a collection of unused seeds is placed. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and can be used in the construction of seeders for single-grain sowing of seeds in the areas of selection and variety testing.

Sowing experimental plots in the selection and seed production process is an important operation, on which the subsequent success in the work of breeders largely depends. Sowing is carried out mechanized by means of selective seeders.

Special high demands are placed on selection seeders for the quality of sowing and the exclusion of variety mixing, that is, complete release from the seeds of the sowing apparatus.

All single-seeder seed drills have approximately the same design, which necessarily includes: a loading device, most often made in the form of one or several funnels, seed tubes connecting the loading device with a vacuum sowing device, mainly of disk type. Among them, one can single out single-grain selection seeders of the HEGE-KLEINE, HALDRUP SP-35 NG + type and their modifications. Since these seeders have fundamentally identical designs, any of them can be mistaken for a prototype, for example, a HEGE-95 seeder.

The closest in essence and achieved effect, taken as a prototype, is a HEGE-95 single-grain seeding seeder containing a frame mounted on a chassis, and on top of which there are seed machines made in the form of receiving funnels, under each of which there is a seed tube, through which the seeds gravitationally enter the corresponding vacuum sowing devices located below the frame, and each vacuum sowing device of a disk design is equipped with a vacuum unloading unit and non-sifted seeds, devices for forming furrows for placement of sown seeds and closing furrows after sowing seeds, as well as a packer roller, in addition, a seat for the operator is installed on the frame, in front of which a work table is mounted on the frame for placement of seed material on it and a control panel (regulation) of the process of sowing seeds, and folding markers are placed on the sides of the frame [see Website of Hans-Ulich Hege GmbH & Co. Electronic resource. Access mode: http: //www..kompass.com/c/hans-ulrich-hege-gmbh-co-kg/de715756/].

The main technical disadvantage of the known single-grain seeder is that the seeds from the feed hopper are fed gravitationally to the vacuum sowing device, for which a tilt angle from the feed hopper to the vacuum sowing device must be ensured, which ensures the movement of seeds. To ensure the necessary angle of the seed tube, the loading funnel must be raised to a high height, as a result of which the operator’s workplace is at a high height, which is inconvenient and unsafe during turns and transferring the seeder to the transport position. In addition, with this arrangement of the seeder, the operator can service a limited number of vacuum sowing machines.

The second significant drawback of the known technical solution is the structural complexity of the sowing apparatus due to the use of the node of the vacuum principle of removing the remaining (unseeded) seeds in the apparatus. This necessitates the use of a sophisticated vacuum seed removal system.

The utility model is based on the task of ensuring operator safety and convenience, reducing the number of operators involved in controlling the process of sowing seeds by changing the principle of feeding seeds from the hopper to the vacuum sowing machines, and also simplifying the design of the single-grain seeder by changing the principle of release vacuum sowing machines from unseeded seeds.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that a selective seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds, containing a frame mounted on the chassis, and on top of which there are loading funnels, under each of which there is a seed tube through which the seeds enter the corresponding vacuum sowing machines located below the frame moreover, each vacuum sowing apparatus of a disk design is equipped with a unit for unloading unseeded seeds, devices for forming furrows for placement of sown seeds in them, and closing b froze after sowing seeds in them, as well as a rolling roller, in addition, the operator’s workplace is equipped on the frame, in front of which is mounted a work table for placing seed on it and a control panel (control) of the sowing process, and on the sides of the frame are placed folding markers, according to the proposal, the loading funnel is equipped with an ejector connected to a common air flow supercharger, which provides for the forced movement of seeds through the seed tubes to vacuum sowing devices, and the unloading unit and unseeded seeds made in the form of a mechanically openable shutter, under which is placed a collection of unused seeds.

The presence of ejectors and a supercharger of air flow allows the seeds to be forcedly moved through the vas deferens, therefore, there is no need to raise the loading funnel to a high height. Such a system for moving seeds allows the seed tubes to be arranged almost horizontally, and their length is not limited by anything. Therefore, one operator can service more vacuum sowing machines.

The use of the proposed system for unloading unseeded seeds from the sowing device by mechanical means significantly simplifies the design of the seeder due to the lack of a complex vacuum system for removing unseeded seeds.

Thus, the new significant features introduced into the design of the proposed breeding seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds allow, in the aggregate, to significantly increase operator safety, ensure operator comfort, increase the number of vacuum sowing machines operated by one operator, and significantly simplify the design of the seeder .

A further essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated in conjunction with illustrative material, which depicts the following: FIG. 1 is a diagram of the proposed breeding seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds with four vacuum sowing machines, plan view; FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the proposed breeding single-grain seeder; FIG. 3 - vacuum metering device, plan view.

The proposed selection seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds contains a frame 1 mounted on the chassis 2. On the frame 1, loading hoppers 3 are installed on top (with individual mechanical or pneumatic valves, or without valves at all). An ejector 4 adjoins the loading funnel 3 from below, pneumatically connected by means of the air duct 5 to the supercharger 6 of the air flow. The feeding funnel 3 is connected by the seed tube 7 to a vacuum sowing device 8 of a disk design located below the frame 1. The vacuum sowing device 8 is equipped with a unit for unloading unseeded seeds, a device for forming furrows 9 for placement of sown seeds, and a device 10 for closing furrows after sowing in seeds, as well as a rolling roller 11.

A vacuum compressor 12 is located on the frame 1, which is connected via the air ducts 13 to the vacuum sowing apparatus 8. The vacuum compressor 12 has a valve 14 (mechanical or automatic - it does not matter) to relieve negative pressure. The vacuum compressor 12 and the supercharger 6 of the air flow have a combined drive, which allows more efficient use of the energy of the tractor power take-off shaft.

A seat 15 for the operator is installed on the frame 1 (there can be several seats, Fig. 1 shows a selective seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds with two seats), next to which on the frame 1 is mounted a working table 16 for placing seed on it and a control panel 17 (regulation) the process of sowing seeds. Hinged markers are placed on the sides of frame 1 (not shown due to common knowledge).

The unloading seed seed unloading unit is made in the form of a mechanically openable shutter 18, under which a collection of 19 unused seeds is placed.

The further essence of the proposed technical solution is explained in conjunction with the principle of operation of a selection seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds of this design.

After loading the seeds into the loading funnel 3, the operator on the control panel 17 includes a supercharger 6 air flow. At the same time, compressed air is supplied through the duct 5 to the ejector 4. In this case, the seeds from the charging funnel 3 are directed into the seed tubes 7, where they are forced to move air into the receiver 20 of the vacuum meter 8. After that, the vacuum compressor 12 is turned on and through the duct 13 in the vacuum chamber 21 a vacuum is created. As the retaining disc 22 rotates, the seeds are attached by vacuum to the holes in the disc 22. Then, the selection seeder begins to move along the plot and carry out single-grain sowing of seeds at a given distance. After sowing the seeds, the operator opens the vacuum relief valve 14, the pressure in the vacuum chamber 21 is equalized to atmospheric, the remaining seeds are separated from the holes of the disk 22 and, by gravity, fall to the bottom of the seed receiver 20. Then, the shutter 18 is opened and the remainder of the unseeded seeds falls into the collection 19.

A significant difference between the claimed selective seeder for single-grain sowing of seeds from previously known seeders of a similar purpose is that the seeds from the feed hopper to the vacuum sowing device are forcedly moved by air flow, and unseeded seeds are unloaded mechanically by opening the shutter. These differences, in total, provide the technical ability to install an unlimited number of vacuum sowing machines on the selection seeder of the proposed design without increasing the dimensions (height) of the seeder frame and greatly simplify the design of the unit for removing unseeded seeds from the vacuum sowing device. None of the known selective seeders for single-grain sowing of seeds can have the indicated properties, since their designs provide gravity schemes for transferring seeds from loading devices to sowing devices, and unloading from the last unseeded seeds is carried out using complex pneumatic systems.

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the prototype, include the following:

- the possibility of increasing the number of vacuum sowing units served by one operator due to the forced movement of seeds to them;

- the ability to reduce the height of the loading funnels due to the presence of a supercharger of air flow, providing for the forced movement of seeds through the vas deferens;

- simplification of the design of the unit for unloading unseeded seeds from vacuum sowing devices by changing the principle of releasing vacuum sowing devices from unseeded seeds.

The social effect of using the invention, in comparison with the prototype, is obtained by increasing the safety and convenience of the operator, reducing the number of operators involved in controlling the process of sowing seeds by changing the principle of feeding the seeds from the hopper to the vacuum sowing devices.

Claims (1)

A single-grain selection seeder containing a frame mounted on the chassis, and on top of which there is a loading funnel, under which there is a seed tube, through which the seeds enter the corresponding sowing devices located below the frame, and each sowing device of a disk design is equipped with an unloading unit unseeded seeds and devices for forming furrows for placement of sown seeds in them and closing furrows after sowing seeds in them, as well as a packer roller, in addition, on the frame an operator’s workplace has been set up, including a seat, in front of which a working table is mounted on the frame for placing seed on it and a control panel (regulation) of the seed sowing process, and folding markers are placed on the sides of the frame, characterized in that the loading funnel is equipped with an ejector connected with a common air flow supercharger for forced movement of seeds through the seed tubes to vacuum sowing devices, and the unloaded seed discharge unit is made in the form of a mechanically openable shutter, under which Second placed a collection of unused seeds.

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