RU194692U1 - Optoelectronic locking and sealing device (OE ZPU) for tanks with liquid chlorine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices designed for locking and sealing tank cars, tank containers and covered wagons designed to transport liquid chlorine, as well as to devices for determining coordinates, temperature, exceeding specified acceleration values and preventing unauthorized access to transported goods, and also to automatic detectors for determining the concentration of chlorine during its transportation and storage. OE ZPU is a reusable locking and sealing device with disposable elements and contains: a housing, a primary current source coated with contact lubricant, a secondary current source, a storage device, a steel rope with optical fiber, a cable integrity control unit with a digital output based on an LED and a phototransistor, a chlorine detector with a digital output, a clock button, three discrete inputs, a mobile cellular communication channel, a GLONASS / GPS radio navigation signal receiver with an antenna unit, a rope locking mechanism that locks it on both sides, a digital thermo meter, acceleration measuring sensor in three axes, light signaling device, radio-transparent body. The electronics in the OE ZPU housing are completely filled with a compound, the housing is sealed in dust and water resistant design, and magnetic fasteners are installed on the housing. The body is made by the additive method and coated with a special non-combustible radiolucent antistatic compound. A polyurethane tube is put on the rope, two steel tubes are crimped along the ends of the steel rope, which serve as fasteners for the locking elements of the case. 7 cp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices designed for locking and sealing tank cars, tank containers and covered wagons designed to transport liquid chlorine and to be sealed in accordance with [1 and 2], as well as to devices for determining coordinates, temperature, exceeding specified values of accelerations and prevention of unauthorized access to the transported cargo through lockable and sealed doors, hatches, fillers, drain and drain holes, as well as automatic detectors m exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of chlorine during its transportation and storage.

State of the art

Known flexible locking and sealing device (ZPU), approved for use [1] for sealing specialized tanks with gas (including liquid chlorine) - utility model patent RU 106 643 U, which contains a hollow body and a piece of rope, one end which is passive, and the second free end when locking is pulled through the inlet and outlet openings and the passage channel located between them with the formation of a loop and is fixed in it when closed by means of a locking mechanism made in the form of x in the spring-loaded separator of the fixing elements. In this case, the locking spring is put on the sleeve, made in one piece with the bottom cover, rigidly connected to the housing by means of rolling, having a drainage system for draining fluid from the cavity of the housing. The drainage system is made in the form of a drainage hole located in the lower part of the sleeve in communication with the outlet. On the bottom cover perpendicular to the axis of the drainage hole, a drainage groove is made, which improves the drainage of fluid from the inner cavity of the housing.

Known electronic module locking and sealing device, patent for utility model RU 171 439 U9, which relates to cargo sealing and can be used to lock and seal doors, containers, tank hatches, helms of hopper cars and is aimed at improving the reliability of sealing due to transfer information about opening the sealing device in real time. The electronic module, which is hung on the ZPU as a separate device, contains a slot for a disposable locking device with a flexible female element in the form of a cable, with through channels in the module housing for passing the cable of the locking device in its head and tail parts. The case contains an electronic unit and components that provide control functions, control the cable closure and opening, determine the location and motion parameters of the module, receive, process, store and transmit information, configured to generate an electromagnetic signal recorded by an external receiver, an electronic unit with components that provide control, fault monitoring, location and motion parameters, reception, processing, storage information transmission device, the control of the closure and opening of the cable is made in the form of a pulse generator and sequentially connected detector, a threshold device in the form of an analog-to-digital converter, actuator and microprocessor, while the pulse generator and detector are connected to interconnected inductors on the ring ferrite cores. Inductors are installed in through channels made in the head and tail parts of the housing. The module is additionally equipped with a short-range communication channel interacting with a transceiver and external sensors, a satellite channel and a GPS / GLONASS signal receiver. The utility model relates to cargo sealing and can be used for locking and sealing doors, containers, tank hatches, helms of hopper cars, etc.

Known electronic filling device reusable action (EPU MD), selected as a prototype, patent for invention RU 2 596 474 C2, which relates to automatic means of objective monitoring of the state of material assets and their sealing, during storage and transportation: fixing and indicating the opening of locking nodes and mechanisms at their locations, with the transmission of data via digital radio channels to a control point in order to record and document an unauthorized or emergency and EPU MD; activation of the EPA MD, autopsy, violation of its integrity with determining the location and time of the event; fixing and documenting violations of the technology of their transportation and storage in terms of measuring excesses of permissible shock and vibration accelerations, as well as temperature effects (measuring instruments included in the state register); determining, with a given periodicity, the state of sealed objects with automatic consideration of their true location, monitoring the mutual removal of the sealed objects, the mutual removal of parts of the sealed object, for example, components of railway cars (wheelsets, side frames and tension beams of trolleys, couplers, etc.), construction equipment (for example, an excavator and attachments), etc., with the aim of fixing and documenting the facts of their unauthorized dismantling; as well as to prevent unauthorized use of sealed objects by unauthorized persons, to signal events that have occurred, with automatic transmission of data to a control point, signed with an electronic digital signature (or encrypted using asymmetric encryption methods and algorithms), using digital radio communication channels and documentation facts of illegal use. In addition, MD EPU are designed for: data transmission via the built-in radio frequency channel to means providing signals relaying to the control point (for example, using communication satellites, etc.); for organizing the reception of data on the radio frequency channel from third-party measuring instruments (gas analyzers, etc.), with the aim of further encrypting them or installing an electronic signature with further data transfer to the control point with the determination and recording of time and location of the measured parameter. The EPU MD provides a procedure for the formation of a universal transfer document (UPD) of financial statements at the time of violation of its integrity upon arrival of the goods at the destination. EPU MD can be used as padlock electronic safe locks.

To control one locking element, one MD EPU is used, to control more than one locking element, either several MD EPUs are used, or a bunch of MD EPUs and at least one simplified MD EPU - auxiliary electronic sealing device (EPU).

EPU MD contains one source of modulated optical radiation, one receiver of optical radiation, which are sequentially closed by a single-use power optoelectronic fastener (OSOEK), a locking mechanism that locks OSOEK from two sides (a hinged latch), a radio frequency identification channel for communication of the frequency range 13.56 MHz, 2 reed switches protected from external magnetic fields by steel plates, 2 field N (P) channel transistors, additional reed switch installed in the immediate vicinity 13.56 MHz radio frequency identification antennas, explosion-proof electrical power supply, external thermostat, asymmetric encryption chip, memory, sealing information storage device, microprocessor, three-axis acceleration measurement sensor, internal temperature sensor with built-in thermostat, vibration signaling device, light signaling device, radio communication channel of small radius of action of the frequency range 2.44 GHz, communication channel of radio frequency identification Range of frequencies 433 MHz, the RFID communication channel frequencies 125 and 136 kHz range, a mobile cellular channel (SPS) receiver radionavigation signals GLONASS / GPS systems with antenna unit. The electronic components of the electronic control unit MD are installed in a radio-transparent enclosure in explosion-proof design with a given electrical resistance of the shell surface and are completely filled with a compound, magnetic fasteners are provided on the housing. OSOEK is made of polyurethane, in its body it contains: a radio-frequency identification tag at a frequency of 13.56 MHz, optical fibers or end-glow fibers with a through exit to the ends; has recesses on its shell for fasteners. The OSOEC surface is marked with service information.

The auxiliary electronic control unit differs from the MD electronic control unit in that it does not include a GLONASS / GPS radio navigation signal receiver with an antenna unit, as well as an SPS (GSM) radio modem with an antenna unit.

MDU EPU or auxiliary EPU are considered open or with broken integrity when disconnecting OSOEK, physically destroying them, disconnecting electric power, unauthorized opening of the OSOEK folding hinged lid in the body of the EPU, as well as the operation of an additional reed switch for controlling the introduction of EPU into a powerful magnetic field that has overcome steel magnetic EPU MD protection; when causing damage to them, affecting their performance, as well as when the connection between the MD EPU and at least one auxiliary EPU activated with it is lost. The EPA MD is controlled through the server of the control point using electronic digital signature (through asymmetric encryption). The technical result is achieved through the integrated use of modern computing tools and modern electronic components.

The disadvantages of flexible ZPU (patent for utility model RU 106 643 U) are:

The tensile strength by extension of 3.6 kN, hence the narrow specialization (use only on tanks), i.e. it is impossible to apply it on covered wagons, where ZPU must withstand a tensile strength of 25 kN [3].

The inability to monitor integrity in real time (opened or not), therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The inability to detect chlorine leaks, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The inability to determine the coordinates of sealed tanks and wagons, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The inability to determine a violation of the conditions for transporting liquid chlorine in terms of measuring the excess of specified accelerations, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The inability to determine a violation of the temperature conditions of transportation of liquid chlorine, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The disadvantages of the electronic module ZPU (patent for utility model RU 171 439 U9) are:

It is not a ZPU, therefore the testimony of this product does not have legal significance, i.e. in case of any damage or operation, the arrival of people is required to document the causes of the operation of the electronic module ZPU, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The inability to detect chlorine leaks, therefore, the presence of conductors in freight trains transporting liquid chlorine is required.

The shell of the electronic module ZPU is not sealed and the electronic components in the chlorine environment fail.

The housing of the electronic module ZPU is not able to withstand shock from falling onto a smooth concrete floor or steel sheet 3 mm thick from a height of 3.3 m [5].

When conducting tensile tests together with a ZPU with a tensile force of 3.6 kN, the plastic case breaks and the electronic unit breaks away from the ZPU, i.e. it is impossible to pass certification tests to obtain permission for use on tanks and wagons with liquid chlorine.

The disadvantages of EPU MD (patent for the invention RU 2 596 474С2) are:

The OSOEK polyurethane rope (Fig. 4) is not able to withstand the force exerted on the gap even at 3.6 kN, i.e. its use on the railway network without additional ZPU is impossible.

There are no ZPUs approved for use on the railway network in conjunction with EPU MD.

The EPU MD case is not able to withstand impact from falling onto a flat concrete floor or a steel sheet 3 mm thick from a height of 3.3 m [5] without damaging the rope locking element leading to the opening.

An excess set of functions and a set of electronic components that implement them to solve the problem of automating the process of monitoring the transportation of liquid chlorine.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the elimination of these disadvantages.

Technical result

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the ability to:

1. Use OE ZPU instead of mechanical ZPU when sealing tank cars, tank containers and covered wagons intended for transportation of liquid chlorine and to be sealed in accordance with [1 and 2].

2. Transfer control over the transportation of liquid chlorine from the discrete mode (only during train stops and stops) by the conductors of the chlorine industry enterprises to the continuous and continuous mode from the dispatch centers, through the use of automatic control devices integrated into the OE ZPU and mobile cellular radio communication channels communication.

3. Determine in real time or at specified intervals the ambient temperature during transportation and storage of liquid chlorine in tanks and wagons.

4. Determine in real time or at specified intervals the coordinates of liquid chlorine in tanks and wagons.

5. To inform the dispatch center of the measured data on the excess of permissible accelerations, if they occur, on a wagon or tank with liquid chlorine.

6. Promptly report to the dispatch center legally relevant data on the violation of the integrity of the seal on a wagon or tank with liquid chlorine.

7. To inform the dispatch center of the measured data on the excess of the maximum permissible concentration of chlorine in the air in close proximity to the OE ZPU, in case of emergency on a wagon or tank with liquid chlorine.

Utility Model Task

The abolition of the vicious practice of escorting liquid chlorine transportation by conductors of enterprises as part of freight trains and the immediate response of the Ministry of Emergencies and special services of enterprises of the chlorine industry to emergency situations associated with chlorine emissions during its transportation and in temporary storage. Those. utility model is aimed at preserving the life and health of people.

Utility Model Essence

Ensuring the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the invention prototype RU 2 596 474 C2 made significant changes, leaving only the following elements necessary for the implementation of the utility model:

1. They abandoned the use of a flat polyurethane rope with integrated single-mode or multi-mode end-light fiber. Instead, they used a steel galvanized round-strand rope with an outer diameter of 4.9 mm with an integrated single-mode end-face plastic fiberglass in a plastic sheath.

2. A polyurethane tube was put on the steel rope to prevent grinding and, therefore, damage in the aggressive chlorine environment of the zinc coating of the steel round-wire rope wires.

3. Two steel tubes were put at the ends of the steel rope (Figure 1), 15 mm apart and not more than 20 mm long with a wall thickness of 2 mm, and crimped on a press to obtain an outer diameter of the tubes of less than 8.2 mm. Thus, fasteners were obtained, which made it possible to create the elements of fixation of the steel rope in the body of the OE ZPU, ensuring its retention in the closed state of the OE ZPU during tensile tests with a force of 25 kN.

4. They abandoned the application of the technology for manufacturing OE ZPU cases by injection molding of plastic under thermoplastic machines. This is due to the fact that the total fleet of tanks (tank containers, tank cars) intended for the transport of chlorine in the Russian Federation is small and only a little more than 2 thousand OA ZPUs are required for 12 years of their operation. This means that the development of specialized molds for thermoplastics will lead to a significant increase in the cost of final OE ZPU. Chlorine is a socially significant product on which the cost of drinking water in the Russian Federation directly depends, therefore, it is necessary to strive to reduce the cost of OE ZPU in their mass production. OE ZPU cases should be manufactured by means of additive technologies.

5. The additive method does not allow the use of non-combustible radio-transparent plastic of the case with a given electrical resistance of the surface of its shell. Therefore, instead of this type of plastic, polyamide 12 was used and painted with a specialized non-combustible radiolucent composition with a given electrical resistance of the surface of its shell.

6. A specialized coating that looks like paint did not allow laser marking to be applied on its surface, as the coating does not support combustion at any external temperature. In addition, this coating of the plastic of the case did not allow marking with the shock method. Therefore, marking is applied to the polyurethane tube of the steel round-rope rope with a laser engraver, which is then filled with acrylic paint with the addition of anti-stokes powder, and additional engraving is applied to the steel tubes of the rope by shock, as this is required [2]. Antistox gives a green glow when it is illuminated by a laser with a wavelength of 980 Nm, which is implemented to protect against forgery of elements of the OE ZPU.

7. To fix the steel round-rope rope inside the OE ZPU case, two 4 mm thick galvanized steel plates with special cutouts for steel tubes were used. Steel plates have bends that allow them to fix steel ropes with two bolts with a thread diameter of M6 (figure. 1). Steel plates tightened with M6 bolts and nuts ensure the integrity of the continuity of the steel rope locked inside them with steel tubes during tensile tests, as well as during impact tests in accordance with [2]: withstand three-fold impact with an energy of 100 J and remain in the open state with a single impact with an energy equal to 200 J.

8. To reduce the cost of manufacturing a specialized electronic component (printed circuit boards with electronic components) in the OE ZPU refused to manufacture it, ie refused to use:

communication channel radio frequency identification frequency range 13.56 MHz,

3 reed switches

2 field N (P) channel transistors,

asymmetric encryption chips,

vibration alarm

2.44 GHz short-range radio communication channel,

communication channel radio frequency identification of the frequency range 433 MHz,

communication channel radio frequency identification of the frequency range 125 and 136 kHz,

RFID tags.

9. Applied block design, consisting of:

A specially designed secondary current source that provides electrical power to all electronic components of the OEZPU.

A purchased item in the form of a printed circuit board with installed radio elements: GLONASS / GPS communication interface module for determining the location, measuring temperature and exceeding specified accelerations with a GSM data channel (a conventional device for tracking wheeled vehicles) with a light alarm, with three digital inputs, a memory chip for incoming and outgoing messages, as well as a chip replacing the Sim card. About a change in the status of discrete inputs, messages are immediately transmitted over the radio channel of mobile cellular communication to the control room.

A specially designed cable integrity control module based on the use of a phototransistor, an LED, a programmable microcircuit and a relay for transmitting data about its status to the digital input of the GLONASS / GPS communication interface module. When the luminous flux is interrupted, the relay opens and a signal is issued to the discrete input of the GLONASS / GPS communication interface module about the violation of the integrity of the OE ZPU.

A purchased element in the form of a replaceable chlorine detector (designed for 2 years of operation), which, when the maximum permissible concentration of chlorine in the air is exceeded, closes the relay of its control electronics to transmit its status data to the digital input of the GLONASS / GPS communication module.

A purchased element in the form of a contact button, when it is closed (closing the cover of the electronic control unit during sealing), the digital input of the GLONASS / GPS communication module and the electrical circuit of the cable integrity control module are closed, thereby putting it into operation. Opening the button disables the module for monitoring the integrity of the cable and transmitting to the digital input of the GLONASS / GPS communication interface module messages about the violation of the OE ZPU integrity.

10. They refused to use an explosion-proof electric power source, as chlorine does not burn and does not explode from an external igniter. Instead of explosion-proof current sources, lithium-manganese primary non-rechargeable current sources were used. The primary current sources are interchangeable, they are closed by a bolt-on cap using a rubber gasket, the primary current sources themselves are filled with specialized grease for electrical contacts to prevent their oxidation in the chlorine environment.

11. Left the filling of the case with a compound, because it is necessary to prevent the penetration of chlorine on the electrical circuits OE ZPU.

12. One end of the steel rope is fixed in the housing by means of a special pressure plate and two screws, thereby the steel rope does not fall out of the housing, which facilitates the sealing process.

13. The OE ZPU case is closed by two plastic lock caps with M6 nuts integrated into them. The housing is opened to remove the steel rope when they are destroyed.

14. OEZPU is dismantled from the sealing object by biting the steel rope with a cable cutter.

List of references:

1. The list of types of locking and sealing devices used for sealing cars and containers during transportation of goods carried out by Russian Railways was approved by order of Russian Railways dated December 25, 2007 No. 2423r (As amended by the Orders of Russian Railways dated 04.02 .2010, N 241r, dated 06/29/2010 N 1402r).

2. Safety rules for the production, storage and transportation of chlorine. PBH-83.

3. General requirements for mechanical locking and sealing devices used for sealing freight cars and containers in the railway transport of the Russian Federation (approved by the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation on June 25, 2003).

4. The order of JSC Russian Railways dated June 8, 2018 No. 1221 / r On approval of amendments to the list of types of ZPUs used for sealing cars and containers during transportation of goods carried out by JSC Russian Railways, approved by the order of JSC Russian Railways of December 25 2007 year №2423r.

5. GOST R 5557.3-2013 (ISO 18185-3: 2007) Cargo containers. Electronic seals. Part 3. Environmental characteristics.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1. Flexible ZPU.

FIG. 2. The electronic module ZPU.

FIG. 3. Electronic reusable sealing device with an additional locking sealing device.

FIG. 4. Disposable power optoelectronic fasteners.

Claims (8)

1. Optoelectronic locking and sealing device (OE ZPU) for tanks with liquid chlorine is a reusable sealing device and comprises a housing, a storage device combined with storage means for sealing information, one modulated optical radiation source, one optical radiation receiver , a mobile cellular communication channel, a GLONASS / GPS radio navigation signal receiver with an antenna unit, a rope locking mechanism locking it from both sides, a digital thermo emp, the acceleration sensor measuring in three axes, indicating lamp, electronic components are placed in the housing and radiotransparent completely filled with compound, a sealed enclosure is formed in a dust- and waterproof performance, magnetic fasteners mounted on the housing; characterized in that: the rope is made in the form of a steel cable with an external diameter of 4.9 mm with a core in the form of an optical fiber of the end glow, which is coated to protect against damage by polyethylene, and a polyurethane tube is put on the steel rope to protect it from external damage, two steel tubes were placed at the ends of the steel rope, 15 mm distant from each other and not more than 20 mm long, 2 mm wall thickness, and crimped on a press to obtain an outer tube diameter of less than 8.2 mm; To fix the steel round-strand rope inside the case, two 4 mm thick galvanized steel plates with special cutouts for steel tubes were used, the steel plates have bends that allow two bolts and two nuts with M6 thread to be pressed against each other, fixing the ends of the steel rope in them; used three discrete inputs to the radio channel of mobile cellular communications, installed a chlorine detector with a discrete output; used a LED - phototransistor - discrete output in the control unit of the optical path, applied a clock button with a discrete output to record the fact of closing or opening the housing cover; used a secondary source of electrical power to provide electrical power to all electronic components of the OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine; used a primary source of electrical power, not intended for use in hazardous areas and made in the form of a set of primary lithium-manganese non-rechargeable batteries with a supply voltage of 3 V. 2. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that its body is closed by two quick-detachable destructible plastic lock caps with M6 nuts integrated into them, after their destruction, the housing cover opens with access to the battery compartment, and it becomes possible to extract parts steel rope after it was bitten by a cable cutter when dismantled from the object of sealing. 3. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that its body is manufactured by the additive method, after which it is coated with a special non-combustible radiolucent antistatic composition that looks like gray paint. 4. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that its primary current sources are laid in the housing in a specialized lubricant designed to lubricate electrical contacts and connectors to further prevent the passage of chlorine inside the housing and block the possibility of oxidation of contact pads in aggressive bleach medium. 5. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that the marking is applied by a laser engraver to the polyurethane tube of the steel rope, into which acrylic paint is then rubbed with the addition of anti-stokes powder. 6. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that the marking is applied by shock on the body and on two quick-detachable destructible plastic lock caps. 7. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to claim 1, characterized in that it transmits not only information about the violation of its integrity, location, speed, accelerations acting on it, and about the ambient temperature, but also about the excess of the established chlorine concentration 20-50 mg / m ³ . 8. OEZPU for tanks with liquid chlorine according to paragraphs. 2-4, characterized in that one end of the steel rope is fixed inside the casing, and its second end is in a free state before installing the SEZPU at the sealing object and closing it.

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