RU2794004C1 - Navigation seal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for locking and sealing devices.

SUBSTANCE: navigation seal is made in form of a body with a lid, through which a rigidly fixed metal rope with an end glow optical fibre passes and forms a loop that fixes the object being sealed. The housing contains a power supply unit, an electronic unit, an LED and a lid opening/closing radiation receiver connected to the electronic unit and an end glow optical fibre located in the housing cover, an LED and a radiation receiver connected to the electronic unit and the rope end glow optical fibre. One end of the rope with an end glow optical fibre is rigidly fixed in the housing and contains the beginning and end of the optical fibre, which are respectively connected to the LED and the radiation receiver, and the other end of the rope is made free with the possibility of fixation in the housing and contains an optical fibre loop. The rope is crimped with metal tubes through a given distance, due to which it is fixed in the recesses of the body and cover and the size of the loop is selected. The housing cover is hinged and contains a metal closing bolt with a disposable plastic cover and a ratchet mechanism.

EFFECT: increase of resistance of the seal to breaking is achieved.

13 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to devices designed for sealing cargo, locking and sealing doors of automobile vans, railway freight cars and containers, tank hatches, hopper car steering wheels and other devices subject to sealing.

The navigation seal (PN) simultaneously refers to both mechanical means of objective control of the state of material assets, their closing and sealing, during their storage and transportation (performs all the functions of a mechanical power, heavy-duty locking and sealing device), and to automatic means of objective control of the state material assets, their closing and sealing, during their storage and transportation: fixing and indicating the opening of locking units and mechanisms at their locations, with the transmission of data signed with an electronic digital signature, via radio channels in order to fix and document an unauthorized or emergency failure of the PN; activation of the PN, opening, violation of its integrity with the determination of the location and time of the event; fixing and documenting violations of the technology of transportation of material assets and their storage in terms of measuring excesses of permissible shock and vibration accelerations, as well as temperature effects (measuring instruments included in the state register); determination of the state of sealed and closed objects with a given frequency with automatic consideration of their true location, control of the mutual removal of sealed objects in order to prevent unauthorized use of sealed objects by unauthorized persons, signaling of events that have occurred, with automatic data transmission using radio channels and documenting the facts of illegal actions. PN are certified for resistance to opening by manipulation methods without causing visible damage according to the requirements for locking and sealing devices.

PN is a single device after its assembly and preparation for operation.

The closest technical solution is the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2596474 dated September 10, 2016, which describes an electronic sealing device made in the form of a sealed case, inside which a power supply unit is installed, an electronic unit containing electronic components that provide control functions, circuit control, internal temperature, determining the location and parameters of movement, receiving, processing, storing and transmitting information, as well as an LED and a radiation receiver connected to the electronic unit and the optical fiber of the cable passing through the body with the formation of an external loop. The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient resistance of the seal to breaking.

The tasks that the proposed navigation seal solves:

- the ability to install on all types of vehicles and containers without replacing steel ropes for specific operating conditions with the ability to change the size of the steel rope loop directly at the installation site by pulling the rope through the body,

- control of the integrity of the OE ZPU CT by an optical method,

- resistance to external influences according to the requirements of railway, road and water transport,

- the use of the proposed PN as a universal locking and sealing device in railway transport according to the requirements for railway transport without the joint use of a mechanical locking device with them,

- application of the proposed PN as a means of measuring coordinates and time using GLONASS / GPS systems,

- data exchange of the proposed PN via mobile cellular communication, via radio frequency identification at frequencies of 860 - 960 MHz, via wireless communication of the IEEE 802.15 standard, via wireless communication of the 802.11n standard in the frequency range of 2.4 and 5 GHz, via wireless communication GOST R ISO / IEC 14443 -2-2014,

- obtaining legally significant documents from the proposed PN through their cryptographic protection,

- visual and tactile signaling of the state of the proposed PN,

- storage of data of the proposed PN with redundancy in non-volatile memory.

- determination of the operating conditions proposed by the PN on the load by measuring accelerations along 3 axes,

- determination of the operating temperature proposed by the PN on the cargo (important for a number of dangerous goods),

- application of the proposed PN as a means of measuring the concentration of hazardous substances of categories 1 and 2,

- increasing the resistance of the proposed PN to substitution, i.e. replacement with an externally identical device or its parts.

- reducing the time of verification of the proposed PN and its integrity.

- providing the ability to remotely check the true charging of current sources without removing them from the proposed PN.

The technical result is an increase in the resistance of the seal to breaking.

The technical result is achieved by making a navigation seal in the form of a body with a lid, through which a rigidly fixed metal rope with an optical fiber of end glow passes and with the formation of a loop that fixes the object being sealed. And inside the case are installed:

- power unit,

- an electronic unit containing electronic components that provide the functions of control, circuit control, internal temperature control, location and movement parameters determination, reception, processing, storage and transmission of information,

- an LED and a radiation receiver for opening/closing the lid, connected to the electronic unit and the optical fiber of the end glow located in the lid of the housing,

- LED and radiation receiver connected to the electronic unit and optical fiber of the end glow of the rope.

In this case, one end of the rope with an end glow optical fiber is rigidly fixed in the housing and contains the beginning and end of the optical fiber, which are respectively connected to the LED and the radiation receiver, and the other end of the rope is made free with the possibility of fixation in the housing and contains an optical fiber loop, also a rope with an end optical fiber. the glow is pressed with metal tubes through a given distance, due to which it is fixed in the recesses of the body and cover and the size of the loop that fixes the sealed object is selected.

The body cover is made hinged and contains a metal bolt with a disposable plastic cover and a ratchet mechanism that allows the bolt to rotate only in the direction of its twisting, while the bolt is made with the ability to close the cover on the body by turning the disposable cover, rigidly fixing the metal tubes of the rope.

Also, the body and the cover contain metal plates (they can also be made of other solid material, or be part of the body), in the recesses of which metal tubes are fixed, which are used to crimp the rope with the optical fiber of the end glow. Under the housing plate, it is preferable to make a power supply compartment and place various connectors of the electronic unit, while the plate must have means for sealing the power supply compartment. The metal plates also contain threaded holes for the bolt of the disposable shear lid for locking the lid and the rope in it.

The end of the rope with the optical fiber of the end glow can be rigidly fixed in the housing by means of a U-shaped fastener and by means of screws passing through the rope holes made in the end part of the rope.

The end metal tube of the free end of the rope should preferably be partially filled with compound to protect the loop of the optical fiber. It is advisable to install the electronic unit and the LED with the radiation receiver of the optical fiber of the end glow of the rope in a plastic connector and fill it with a compound. The plastic connector and housing should preferably form an airtight connection.

The power supply is preferably made in the form of rechargeable lithium polymer current sources. And on the electronic board, wireless charging can be performed in the form of an induction coil for charging rechargeable lithium-polymer current sources.

Also, the hole for the passage of a metal rope in the body must be reinforced with a metal tube to prevent damage to the material of the body when the metal rope is repeatedly passed through it.

The electronic unit should preferably include an electronic digital signature chip.

In the end parts of the body and cover, protrusions with holes corresponding to each other can be made for additional sealing.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated in Fig. 1-4 showing:

- figure 1 shows the body of the rope with the elements of the rope and the body of the PN in the context;

- figure 2 shows PN in one of the projections;

- the figure 3 shows the PN in the open state in one of the projections;

- the figure 4 shows the PN in the section in the frontal projection;

- the figure 5 shows the PN in the open state in one of the projections.

In FIG. 1-5 indicate the following structural elements of the proposed knife:

1 - steel rope 1;

2 - end glow fiber;

3 - optical fiber sheath;

4 - LED;

5 - radiation receiver;

6 - printed circuit board

7 - microcontroller;

8 - plastic connector;

9 - wires;

10 - body of the navigation seal;

11 - holes for fastening the rope to the body 10;

12 - metal tubes;

13 - end metal tube;

14 - compound;

15 - rubber ring;

16 - p-shaped fasteners;

17 - housing plate;

18 - screws;

19 - screws;

20 - hole in the housing 10 for the passage of a steel rope;

21 - loop;

22 - lodgements for metal tubes 12;

23 - LED for opening/closing the lid;

24 - receiver for opening/closing the lid;

25 - housing cover;

26 - optical fiber end glow opening / closing the cover;

27 - screws;

28 - rubber seal;

29 - platform for marking;

30 - steel tube reinforcing the hole 20 of the body;

31 - threaded hole for the bolt of a disposable shear cover;

32 - teeth of a disposable tear-off lid;

33 - disposable tear cover;

34 - plates of the "dog" of the cover;

35 - a bolt of a disposable tear-off cover;

36 - cover plate

37 - disposable tear-off lid ring

38 - rubber dampers

39 - moving magnets;

40 - screws for fixing the cover;

41 - holes for cover screws;

42 - semicircular neckline;

43 - three-color LEDs;

44-???

45 - protrusions with holes for a customs seal. The navigational seal is used as follows

In a round-stranded steel rope 1 (Fig. 1-5), an optical fiber of the end glow 2 is laid in a sheath 3 closed to an LED 4 and a radiation receiver - a phototransistor 5, the contacts of which are soldered to a printed circuit board 6 with a microcontroller 7 for controlling the authenticity of the steel rope. A rope with an end-glow fiber optic, a printed circuit board with a microcontroller with an LED and a phototransistor are installed in a plastic connector 8 and filled with a compound. Wires 9 come out of the plastic connector for their soldering on the printed circuit board PN inside the case 10. The rope is sequentially crimped with metal tubes, 12 (Fig. 2) the end metal tube 13 is partially filled with compound 14 to protect the optical fiber loop. Structurally, two holes 11 are provided in the rope body for fastening the rope to the PN body with screws 19 (Fig. 3), which are screwed into the holes. For the tightness of the connection on the rope body, the use of a rubber ring 15 is provided. To change the rope, after removing the plastic connector of the rope from the PN body, it becomes available for viewing the wires in an insulated sheath, which are cut and wires from the new rope are soldered to them, after which the body of the new rope is installed in the PN body and is fixed with two screws in the holes 11. To additionally hold the rope in the body of the PN body, a steel U-shaped fastener 16 (Fig. 3) is provided, which is fixed on the steel plate of the body 17 by means of screws 18. service center, the microprocessor PN identifies the discrepancy of the microcontroller for controlling the authenticity of the steel rope. Therefore, the steel rope is part of the PN design.

PN before its installation on the object of sealing, the free end of the steel rope is passed through the hole in the housing 20 (Fig. 2) to form a loop 21 of the required size.

When closing the lid, the steel tubes of the rope are placed in recesses - lodgements and windows of metal plates 22 with through half-holes of a larger diameter than the diameter of the steel rope and a smaller diameter than the metal tube, so the rope retainer forms a stop for the steel tube, preventing the rope from moving along the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the body of the U-shaped fastener itself, together with the steel plate, forms a through hole for the steel rope in the plastic housing, which does not allow the steel rope to fall out of the housing when the PN is open;

Also, marking is applied to the steel rope by laser engraving.

An LED 23 and a receiver - a phototransistor 24 are installed in the housing, which interact with each other by means of an end glow fiber 26 installed in the cover 25 PN, with a closed optical circuit, the LED fiber optic - phototransistor processor PN records the fact of closing the cover, with an open optical circuit, the LED fiber optic phototransistor PN records the opening of the lid.

The case 10 is made of several parts with flat surfaces for applying specialized service information and trademarks.

Each part of the body and cover is made by plastic injection molding in injection molding machines, steel plates are made by milling and are attached to plastic parts by means of screws 27, counter nuts for the screws of the lower steel plate are installed inside the plastic case.

The lower steel plate together with the rubber seal 28 (see Fig. 4) performs the additional function of a sealed cover for the compartment of the rechargeable lithium-polymer current sources.

The removed rubber seal 28 provides access to the SIM card connector of the modem (not shown in the figures) of the mobile cellular connection for installing a SIM card into it, as well as to the SIM card connector of the electronic digital signature.

The removed rubber seal provides access to the technological connector (not shown in the figures) for diagnosing and reprogramming the PN, the technological connector is located on top of the rechargeable lithium-polymer power sources.

A flat platform for marking 29 is designed on the PN cover, the platform is also prepared for installation of any types of marking plates on it by means of rivets.

The hole for passing the steel rope of the PN body is reinforced (reinforced) with a steel tube 30 to prevent damage to the plastic of the body when the steel rope limited by the tube is repeatedly passed through it.

The steel plates additionally contain a hole 31 with a thread for the bolt of a disposable shear cover 33 for locking the cover PN and the rope in it.

The teeth 32 of the disposable tear-off cover 33 simultaneously implement the ratchet mechanism with plates (pawls) 34 of the cover PN, together the teeth and dogs ensure the rotation of the bolt 35 along the thread of the hole only in the direction of its twisting, the plastic of the disposable tear-off cover (disposable element) is optically transparent and dissipative in terms of static electricity.

The disposable tear lid presses the steel plate 36 of the lid 25 against the steel plate 17 of the housing by means of a threaded connection when the steel rope is inside the PN. It is impossible to pull out a steel rope from such a lock and open the resulting loop without breaking it; it is impossible to unscrew it without damaging the elements of the PN.

The shear cover is destroyed without the use of any kind of tools, due to the fact that it is made of three components fastened together by thin plastic partitions, and the force expended on tearing which is significantly less than the force to damage them.

To destroy the tear-off cover, it is necessary to pull the ring 37, this will break the thin bridges, with further application of the operator’s effort to separate the ring from the disposable element, it will break into three parts with the release of the steel bolt, while the steel bolt remains embedded in the plastic and on its a plastic grip remains to the head, for which the operator unscrews it from the body of the PN. The tear-off lid has flat edges for printing service information on them. The tear-off cover is screwed into the loader in the service center by means of a steel bolt and fixed to the loader by means of ratchet plates, and therefore it is an integral part of the loader design. The steel bolt is an embedded element of the shear lid, which is filled with plastic until it hardens during its manufacture.

When trying to cut a steel rope in order to open the loop of a closed PN, it is no longer possible to re-insert the steel rope into a closed PN in order to simulate its integrity using an adhesive joint of a damaged steel rope with the electronics not working at an ambient temperature below minus 40 ° C, any attempts to connect a previously damaged rope will prevent the passage of light through the end glow fiber due to the lack of the possibility of centering the cut parts of the rope, in addition, the cut parts of the rope with tubes crimped around it cannot be removed from the body of a closed PN without destroying its structural elements.

When you try to unbend the steel plates in their closed state around the rope, additional protection is triggered in the form of a closed optical circuit LED fiber optic phototransistor PN, which fixes the fact of closing the cover, when the optical circuit is open, the LED fiber optic phototransistor PN fixes the opening of the cover.

To prevent counterfeiting of PN elements, service information is applied to its parts using paints that harden when illuminated with ultraviolet radiation, such paints have increased resistance to solvents and oils, they are also marked at the factory with various types of engravers that damage both paint and and plastic, which increases resistance to counterfeiting outside the factory conditions of their production.

Replaceable rubber dampers 38 are used on the body, ensuring its safety when falling onto a concrete surface, rubber dampers are fastened with screws, the threaded connection is chosen due to the long life cycle of the PN, equal to 5 years, and during this period of time a reason may repeatedly arise that requires them replacement due to possible damage.

In the case, 20 pieces of moving magnets 39 are used, which have a backlash after they are installed due to the fact that they can move along the axes of the screws holding them, the backlash of the magnets allows you to fix the MO on uneven surfaces and compensate for the height of the rubber feet.

The lid is attached to the body on a screw connection on two screws 40 on each side of the body, the holes 41 for the screws are made in the form of an ellipse in order to ensure the backlash of the lid when it is closed on metal tubes in the PN case until the cover is fixed with a disposable tear-off lid.

On the metal plates, the body and the cover, a semicircular cutout 42 is made, which prevents the transverse displacement of the loader when a tensile force is applied to the steel rope, which prevents the turn of the loader and increases the resistance of the loader to breaking the steel rope.

4 pieces of connected lithium-polymer power supplies were used, as well as wireless charging in the form of an induction coil on an electronic board inside the PN.

In electrical circuits, an electronic digital signature (EDS) microchip is used, designed to block the possibility of building simulators of a working PN that transmits fictitious data via the Internet at a time when the PN is inoperable.

Used: storage device for storing the operating system and control programs, internal non-volatile memory for recording all events, backup internal non-volatile memory;

The microprocessor is used to control the operation of all electronic components except for the power supply components;

Also in the PN, an accelerometer is used - a sensor for measuring accelerations along three axes with an integrated thermometer used to correct the accelerometer readings and control the temperature of electronic components; To facilitate use and adjustment, a vibration signaling device and two tricolor LEDs 43 are used. Additionally, to pass the end of the steel rope through the PN housing, in its closed state, a hole reinforced (reinforced) with a steel tube 44 is provided (Fig. 5). This solution allows avoiding the occurrence of situations during the transportation of sealed goods PN, when the end of the steel rope PN can go beyond the gauge of the railway car;

For the use of PN in transit cargo transportation control systems, a GOST R ISO / IEC 14443-2-2014 wireless communication controller with an antenna is used.

To interact with microcomputers and personal devices of mobile cellular communications of operators equipped with Bluetooth data transmission channel with ultra-low energy consumption, the short-range radio communication channel of the 2.4 GHz frequency range of the IEEE 802.15 standard is used in the PN.

To interact with communication systems of sea vessels designed to interrogate the status of transported goods using ship satellite communications and WiFi switches, the MO uses a short-range radio communication channel in the 2.44 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands of the IEEE 802.11 standard.

For data transmission in cellular communication networks, a radio modem with a mobile cellular antenna unit is used; in addition, the radio modem is connected to a slot for installing a SIM card in it.

A receiver of radio navigation signals of GLONASS/GPS systems with an antenna unit is used.

Electronic components are placed in the housing, filled with compound, the housing is made antistatic in dust and moisture-proof and fireproof design.

For remote interrogation of digital thermometers in sealed thermoses and refrigerators, the LoRa radio channel of the frequency range 867-869 MHz is used.

To provide the possibility of additional sealing of the PN in the closed state with a customs seal on the body and cover, in particular, on the ends of the steel plates, protrusions with holes 45 are provided, the diameter exceeding the thickness of the steel rope of the customs seal.

The above-described aspects, advantages, and features are merely examples and are not strict limitations on the scope of the patent application.

Claims (20)

1. A navigational seal made in the form of a body with a lid through which a rigidly fixed metal rope with an optical fiber of end glow passes and with the formation of a loop that fixes the object being sealed, and inside which are installed: - power unit, - an electronic unit containing electronic components that provide the functions of control, circuit control, internal temperature control, location and movement parameters determination, reception, processing, storage and transmission of information, - an LED and a radiation receiver for opening/closing the lid, connected to the electronic unit and the optical fiber of the end glow located in the lid of the housing, - LED and radiation receiver connected to the electronic unit and optical fiber of the end glow of the rope, at the same time, one end of the rope with an end glow optical fiber is rigidly fixed in the housing and contains the beginning and end of the optical fiber, which are respectively connected to the LED and the radiation receiver, and the other end of the rope is made free with the possibility of fixation in the housing and contains an optical fiber loop, also a rope with an end optical fiber the glow is crimped with metal tubes through a given distance, due to which it is fixed in the recesses of the body and cover and the size of the loop that fixes the sealed object is selected, and the body cover is hinged and contains a metal bolt with a disposable plastic cover and a ratchet mechanism that allows the bolt to rotate only in the direction of its twisting, while the bolt is made with the ability to close the cover on the body by turning the disposable cover, rigidly fixing the metal tubes of the rope. 2. A navigational seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the body and the cover contain metal plates, in the recesses of which metal tubes are fixed, with which the rope with the optical fiber of the end glow is compressed. 3. Navigation seal according to claim 2, characterized in that a power supply compartment is made under the housing plate and various connectors of the electronic unit are located, while the plate has means for sealing the power supply compartment. 4. Navigation seal according to claim 2, characterized in that the metal plates contain threaded holes for the bolt of a disposable tear-off cover for locking the cover and the rope in it. 5. A navigational seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the rope with an optical fiber of the end glow is rigidly fixed in the body by means of a U-shaped fastener and by means of screws passing through the rope holes made in the end part of the rope. 6. A navigational seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the end metal tube of the free end of the rope is partially filled with a compound to protect the optical fiber loop. 7. The navigation seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic unit and the LED with the radiation receiver of the optical fiber of the end glow of the rope are installed in a plastic connector and filled with a compound. 8. Navigation seal according to claim 7, characterized in that the plastic connector and the body form a hermetic connection. 9. Navigation seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply is made in the form of rechargeable lithium-polymer current sources. 10. Navigation seal according to claim 9, characterized in that the electronic board is equipped with wireless charging in the form of an induction coil for charging rechargeable lithium polymer power sources. 11. A navigational seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole for passing a metal rope in the body is reinforced with a metal tube to prevent damage to the body material when a metal rope is passed through it repeatedly. 12. Navigation seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic unit includes an electronic digital signature chip. 13. A navigational seal according to claim 1, characterized in that in the end parts of the body and the cover, protrusions with holes corresponding to each other are made for additional sealing.

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