RU2739793C1 - Electronic navigation seal and method of its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to systems for locking and sealing carriages and containers, in particular, railway freight cars and containers to be sealed in accordance with rules of transportation of goods by rail, and can be used to control and prevent unauthorized access to transported cargo. Electronic navigation seal (ENS) comprises a body and a reusable sealing element, wherein the housing comprises a locking mechanism unit, an electric motor unit configured to interact with the locking mechanism unit to drive and lock the restraint element in the housing, board and tamper, battery pack, navigation module and information cryptographic protection means. Reusable sealing element is made in form of steel rope in PVC braid with insulated current-conducting core and tips on ends, installed in housing. Also disclosed is ENS operation method.

EFFECT: providing possibility of remote control of cargo movement and increase of its storage reliability.

7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to systems for locking and sealing wagons and containers, in particular, railway freight cars and containers to be sealed in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods by rail, and can be used to control and prevent unauthorized access to the transported goods.

The electronic navigation seal (hereinafter referred to as ENP), in addition to its main purpose - blocking access to the transported cargo, is intended for measuring current navigation parameters (geographical coordinates, travel speed, etc.) according to signals from navigation spacecraft of global navigation satellite systems, such as GLONASS, GPS and BeiDou, determining on their basis the coordinates of the location of the ENP, recording and storing the received information in the non-volatile memory of the product, sending information based on the navigation parameters about the movement of vehicles, containers or wagons, as well as about the safety (opening) of the product to the tracking system for the transportation of goods (hereinafter - OOPT)

A known system for automated accounting of freight traffic and online monitoring of the safety of goods (RF patent RU2672172, publ. 12.11.2018, IPC G08B25 / 08), which contains a block for receiving and transmitting data, navigation, processing and display of operational information, associated with several different communication channels with the central control center of the transport company, containing a two-system navigation receiver GLONASS / GPS, a real-time timer, a digital standard GSM modem with support for the GPRS data transfer protocol, a satellite communication system modem, a VHF radio communication unit, a logical unit, a multi-port interface converter, a receiving LPWAN system module, a set of seals containing LPWAN modems. In the event of a violation of the integrity of the seals, the corresponding information is displayed on the information board of the data reception and transmission unit, navigation, processing and display of operational information, a buzzer sounds, and the corresponding signal is transmitted by means of communication to the central dispatch point of the transport company, which makes it possible to take measures to safeguard the cargo directly on the stage of an unauthorized opening attempt. The technical result consists in improving the quality and reliability of control over the transportation of goods, as well as increasing the information content and reliability of information about the cargo during its transportation. However, the electronic seals used in this system differ significantly from the claimed invention in terms of design.

Known electronic sealing device reusable (EPU MD) (RF patent RU2596474, publ. 09/10/2016, IPC E05B39 / 02), which is a device containing a body, storage of sealing information and data exchange with portable and / or a stationary reader with one source of modulated optical radiation, one receiver of optical radiation, which are sequentially closed by a disposable power optoelectronic fastener (OSOEK), a reed switch installed in the immediate vicinity of an RFID antenna, an explosion-proof power supply, an asymmetric encryption chip, a memory device combined with a storage device for sealing information, a microprocessor, a sensor for measuring accelerations along three axes, a sensor for measuring internal temperature with a built-in thermostat, a vibration signaling device, a light signaling device, a mobile cellular communication channel and, a receiver for radio navigation signals of GLONASS / GPS systems with an antenna unit. EPU MD is a reusable sealing device, for which, instead of a multilayer cable containing an electrically conductive material, it uses a disposable power optoelectronic fastener. The main difference between the known device and the claimed invention is a rather complex mechanism for ensuring the multiple use of EPU MD.

Also known is an electronic sealing device (RF patent RU193760, publ. 11/13/2019, IPC E05B39 / 02), which is a device whose design is characterized by increased survivability, increased ease of use and the ability to activate a “sleeping” device in conditions of strong electromagnetic interference. The design of the electronic sealing device includes a device for monitoring the state of a cable loop, a microprocessor-based control device, a non-volatile memory device, a GSM mobile communication device with an antenna, a GPS / GLONASS satellite communication channel device with an antenna, an NFC short-range communication channel device with an antenna and battery. Also, in addition to the above-described elements, the electronic sealing device includes an optical sensor for opening the case, a cryptographic information security device, a Hall sensor, a wireless battery charge controller, an inductance coil for a cable loop condition monitoring device, etc. The main difference is the design of the internal elements of the device, while the method itself the operation of an electronic sealing device is not described in the patent.

The closest analogue of the present invention is a reusable electronic sealing device (RF patent RU2647820, publ. 03/19/2018, IPC E05B39 / 02), containing a dust- and moisture-proof housing, an electric power supply, a microprocessor unit connected to cable integrity control units, a storage unit for sealing information, a memory device, an asymmetric encryption microcircuit, a three-axis acceleration measurement sensor, an internal temperature measurement sensor, a block for forming communication channels with sensors, a receiver of radio navigation signals of GLONASS / GPS systems with an antenna unit, a light signaling device, two reed switches, magnetic fasteners ... The device also contains two signal windings, one on each of the magnets of the magnetic fastener, two power switches of the signal windings, two frequency set generators, two detectors of signal windings, a unit for measuring the magnetic properties of the material at the device attachment point, a reed switch for monitoring the magnetic fastener of the device, three smoothing units bounce of contacts, transceiver of the "Gonets" system communication channel with an antenna unit, a transceiver of the communication channel of the Iridium system with an antenna unit, signal level analyzer, operator's fingerprint identifier, operator's fingerprint reader, setpoint for the minimum allowable voltage of the device's electrical power supply, power voltage comparison unit, a group of remote sensors for the quality of cargo transportation, consisting of smoke and moisture sensors of the transported cargo, a shock sensor affecting the transported cargo, weight and volume of the transported cargo, units for forming communication channels zi and power supplies for smoke, moisture, shock, weight and volume of transported cargo sensors, signal level analyzer. In the event of an unauthorized violation of the integrity of the sealing cable at the guarded object, the cable integrity control units generate an alarm signal to the microprocessor unit, which is recorded in the memory device and to which the signal from the receiver of the GLONASS / GPS radio navigation signals is added. As a result, an alarm is generated about violations of the integrity of the sealing cable at the guarded object, indicating the geographical navigation coordinates, which is transmitted to the center for monitoring the quality and process of cargo transportation.

The known device provides an increase in the quality of cargo transportation by monitoring the parameters of its transportation and the timely transmission of information about smoke, humidity, exposure to shock, changes in the weight and volume of the transported cargo, automatic selection of the currently best satellite communication channel with the center for monitoring the quality and process of cargo transportation, and also the safety of the cargo by measuring and storing in the memory of the device the magnetic properties of the material in the place of attachment of the device during the entire period of transportation and increasing resistance to criminal influences by checking the access rights of operators to sealing and removing a reusable seal.

In this case, the known device is intended for installation mainly on protected objects made of metal, which is due to the use of magnetic mounts. The main difference is the presence of magnetic mounts of the known device, which ensure its multiple use.

The objective of the present invention is to develop an ENP, as well as a method for its operation, which would ensure the protection of goods from unauthorized opening, storage of recorded data (such as the serial number of the ENP, car number, place and time of sealing, points of departure and destination of a carriage or container, data on the employee who carried out the sealing, etc.), as well as the ability to quickly and accurately determine the location of the cargo.

The technical result is the ability to provide remote control of the movement of cargo and increase the reliability of its storage, as well as expanding the arsenal of existing electronic navigation seals.

The problem is solved, and the claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that the electronic navigation seal contains a housing and a reusable sealing element, and the housing contains a locking mechanism block, an electric motor unit configured to interact with the locking mechanism block to set it in motion and fix the reusable sealing element in the case, a board and a tamper, a battery pack, a navigation module and a module for cryptographic information protection (hereinafter - CIPF).

The reusable sealing element is made in the form of a steel rope in a PVC braid with an insulated conductive core and lugs at the ends installed in the body.

The solution to the task and the achievement of the declared technical result are also possible in private versions of the declared ENP.

So, in the working position, the reusable sealing element (cable) with both of its tips is installed in the holes in the housing and through the contact elements and the board forms a closed electrical circuit. In this case, the integrity of the reusable filling element is monitored by measuring the potential difference between its tips.

Another object of the present invention that solves the problem and allows you to achieve the claimed technical result is a method of operation of an electronic navigation seal, in which the cargo is locked by supplying power to the electric motor unit and bringing the locking mechanism unit into the state of locking the reusable sealing element in the housing, transporting the cargo with the ability to track it in real time, detect malfunctions and the fact of unauthorized opening with the definition of the place and time of events, and ensure the protection of data during their transfer by means of cryptographic transformations.

The solution to the problem and the achievement of the claimed technical result are also possible in particular versions of the implementation of the claimed method of operation of the ENP.

For example, the way in which an electronic navigation seal works can provide the location of a fault detection using the navigation module. The navigation module with an internal antenna is designed to measure the current navigation parameters using signals from the global navigation satellite systems GLONASS, GPS, BeiDou. Data protection during transmission is performed by the cryptographic information protection module by means of cryptographic transformations.

Further, the invention, as well as some possible variants of its implementation, are explained in more detail with reference to the figures, where:

figure 1 shows a general view of the ENP;

in fig. 2 shows an assembly drawing of an ESP with an electric motor;

in fig. 3 shows an assembly drawing of an ENP with an element of the locking mechanism;

in fig. 4 shows an assembly drawing of an ESP with a board;

in fig. 5 schematically shows the way the ENP works.

The claimed ENP contains a housing 1, which can be made of high-strength polycarbonate, which provides shock resistance and moisture resistance. On the cover of the housing 1, one or more, preferably at least four, LED indicators are placed, displaying the current state and operating mode of the ESP.

Also, the ESP body may have fastening lugs and a magnet for fixing it on the protected object.

The reusable sealing element 2 is made in the form of a steel rope in a PVC braid with an insulated conductive core and lugs at the ends installed in the case 1. The PVC braid of the reusable sealing element 2 protects the metal base from aggressive environments and other destructive factors.

The motor unit 3, shown outlined in FIG. 2, is kinematically connected to the block 4 of the locking mechanism (Fig. 3) and provides movement of the locking mechanism rail to block the tips of the reusable sealing element 2 installed in the housing 1. Block 4 of the locking mechanism ensures reliable blocking of the reusable sealing element 2 in the housing 1, as well as eliminates the possibility of mechanical hacking of the ENP while maintaining the integrity of the housing 1. The use of the block 3 of the electric motor together with the block 4 of the locking mechanism with a movable rail allows to provide more reliable protection of the claimed ENP in comparison with the known ENP. In this case, since power is supplied to the electric motor unit 3 only at the moments of blocking and unlocking of the reusable sealing element 2, the energy consumption of such an ESP is low. As a result, the declared ENP is able to provide a longer and more reliable protection of the protected object than other known ENP.

On board 5, the main ENP modules are located, namely:

a navigation module that provides the determination of navigation parameters in the PZ-90.11 and WGS-84 coordinate systems with the ability to convert the obtained values from one coordinate system to another. The ENP with the help of the navigation module generates information about the current coordinates and the vector of the direction of movement of the ENP, and, consequently, the cargo by receiving and processing signals from the GLONASS / GPS / BeiDou satellite navigation systems upon the fact of an event and / or time, for example, at the moment of a change in mode or ENP states and periodically with a time interval, the value of which is set by a command from the OST;

CIPF module, which provides data protection through cryptographic transformations.

To control the integrity of the housing 1, a housing integrity control sensor (tamper 6) installed on the board 5 is used (see Fig. 4). Tamper 6 has a movable element made in the form of a flag, and depending on its position is in the "closed" state when the flag is pressed by the cover and the integrity of the housing 1 is not broken, or in the "open" state when the integrity of the housing 1 is broken and the flag is not pressed with a lid. The integrity control of the reusable sealing element 2 is carried out by measuring the potential difference between its tips. In the event of a violation of the integrity of the housing 1 or the integrity of the reusable sealing element, the ENP immediately transmits an opening signal to the OOPT, indicating the place and time of unauthorized impact on the ENP and its current location. In the housing 1 of the ENP there is a high-capacity battery pack, for example, a lithium-ion battery, which allows you to keep a charge for a sufficiently long time, in particular, at least 45 days. This power supply provides 24/7 operation of the device in a temperature range of -40 ° C to + 70 ° C.

The following is an example of a method of operation of one of the possible versions of the claimed device ENP (Fig. 5).

The method of operation of the ENP consists in locking the load by supplying power to the electric motor unit and bringing the locking mechanism unit to the state of locking the reusable sealing element in the housing, transporting the cargo with the ability to track it in real time, detecting the fact of unauthorized opening, determining the location of the detection of malfunctions and providing protection information on the transported cargo. Determination of the location of detection of malfunctions is provided by the navigation module, and the protection of information on the transported cargo is performed by the CIPF module. At the same time, the navigation module with an internal antenna is configured to measure the current navigation parameters using signals from the global navigation satellite systems GLONASS, GPS, BeiDou and provides the determination of navigation parameters in the PZ-90.11 and WGS-84 coordinate systems with the ability to convert the obtained values from one coordinate system to another.

ENP has three modes of operation: "Storage", "Under protection", "Opening the case".

The "Storage" mode is used for the transportation and storage of ESP. The reusable element 2 of the sealing is not fixed in the block 4 of the locking mechanism (the ENP is not applied). It monitors the integrity of chassis 1 only. No other functions are performed.

In the "Under protection" mode, the reusable sealing element 2 is fixed in block 4 of the locking mechanism (ENP is superimposed), ENP performs all functions. In case of violation of the integrity of the reusable sealing element, the ENP immediately transmits an opening signal to the OOPT indicating the place and time of unauthorized impact on the ENP and its current location. If malfunctions are detected during the self-diagnosis procedure, the ENP initiates a communication session with the OSS and transmits data. The ENP functions are performed as much as possible in accordance with the state of the ENP.

In case of violation of the integrity of the housing, the ENP goes into the "Opening the housing" mode. The following actions are performed: recording of information about the fact of unauthorized opening; generating an "Alarm" signal with an event code; encryption of the generated packet; deleting cryptographic keys; transmission of the generated and encrypted "Alarm" signal over the mobile radiotelephone network of the GSM-900 / GSM-1800 / UMTS standard.

The described modes are approximate and are subject to correction in the process of forming the ENP and the way it works. However, the person skilled in the art will understand that they sufficiently disclose the basic meaning of the intended method of operation of the ECD.

ENP generates information about the current coordinates and the vector of the direction of movement of the cargo by receiving and processing signals from the satellite navigation systems GLONASS / GPS / BeiDou upon the event and / or time. In the event of a violation of the integrity of the body 1 or the integrity of the reusable element 2 of the sealing, the ENP immediately transmits to the OOPT an opening signal indicating the place and time of unauthorized impact on the ENP and its current location.

Thus, the present invention increases the reliability of control and provides new functionality when locking railway freight containers and wagons and other objects to be locked and controlled, as well as the ability to monitor the safety of goods in real time and determine the fact of opening the ENP.

Claims (8)

1. Electronic navigation seal containing a housing and a reusable sealing element, the housing containing a locking mechanism block, an electric motor unit configured to interact with the locking mechanism block to set it in motion and fix the reusable sealing element in the housing, a board and a tamper, a battery pack , navigation module and module for cryptographic information protection, and The reusable sealing element is made in the form of a steel rope in a PVC braid with an insulated conductive core and tips at the ends, installed in the body of an electronic navigation seal. 2. The electronic navigation seal according to claim 1, in which the reusable sealing element is configured to insert both of its tips into the holes in the housing to form a closed electric circuit through the contact elements and the board. 3. The electronic navigation seal according to claim 1 or 2, in which the integrity control of the reusable sealing element is configured to measure the potential difference between the tips of the reusable sealing element. 4. A method of operation of an electronic navigation seal according to any one of paragraphs. 1–3, in which the cargo is locked by supplying power to the electric motor unit and bringing the locking mechanism unit to the state of locking the reusable sealing element in the body, transporting the cargo with the ability to track it in real time, detecting malfunctions and the fact of unauthorized opening, determining the location of detection malfunctions and the fact of unauthorized opening and ensuring the protection of information on the transported cargo. 5. The method of operation of the electronic navigation seal according to claim 4, wherein the location of the fault detection is provided by the navigation module. 6. The method of operation of the electronic navigation seal according to claim 4, in which the information security on the transported cargo is ensured by the module of the means of cryptographic information protection. 7. The method of operation of the electronic navigation seal according to claim 5, in which the current navigation parameters are measured by means of the navigation module according to the signals of the global navigation satellite systems GLONASS, GPS, BeiDou.

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