RU193996U1 - A device for obtaining a concentrate of soil extract "Pospeta" - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of agriculture and soil science, namely to means of fertilizer production and environmental improvement, and can be used for mobile moving devices to obtain products, increase yields in crop production, gardening and horticulture. The technical result of the claimed solution is the developed mobile device , which allows to increase processability indicators and fertilizer productivity for agriculture in industrial volume in relatively large areas. A device for obtaining a concentrate of soil extract is characterized in that it contains a container with a liquid-tight bottom, a drain valve is located in the lower part, a humidity sensor is placed in the hole on the side of the container, and at a distance of 12-15 cm from the bottom of the tank, inside it there is a drainage system containing a crate structure and a canvas with a fine-mesh carbon fiber structure; an organomineral layer is placed sequentially from bottom to top over the drainage system mixture, a layer of bio-soil, a layer of sorbing components and a layer of nutrient components, over which a temperature sensor is placed, while the layer of organic-mineral mixture contains a colony of earthworms Lumbricina, the layer of bio-soil contains chernozem-forming organisms, including colonies of 32-33 species of live anaerobic and aerobic in the form of spores of bacteria related to probiotics, and the sorbent layer contains brown coal. The effectiveness of the use of a mobile device to obtain the Pospet soil extract concentrate has been tested experimentally no.Provedennye experiments in agricultural and conifer cultures in the territory and in the premises FGBOU IN "Saint-Petersburg State University of Forestry. CM. Kirova ”showed the effectiveness of a mobile device for placing its modules and using it to produce a product. The developed mobile device for the production of Pospet soil extract concentrate has improved processability indicators and increased productivity of fertilizer for agriculture in industrial volumes over relatively large areas.

Description

The claimed solution relates to the field of agriculture and soil science, namely to means of fertilizer production and environmental improvement, and can be used for mobile moving devices for receiving products, increasing yields in crop production, gardening and horticulture,

A known solution to the patent No. 2622735 from 11.28.2016, IPC A01N 65/00, A01P 21/00, RU. The liquid fraction of the product of oxidative cracking of plant waste products as a regulator of plant growth and development and the method of its application. The plant growth and development regulator, which is a liquid fraction of the product of oxidative cracking of plant waste products, obtained by treating plant waste products with hydrogen peroxide in water when heated to 60-70 ° C with a mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to plant waste products 1.1-1.3 : 1 in the presence of a catalyst based on ferric oxide in an amount of 0.18-0.34 wt. % relative to the waste of plant materials in terms of Fe ³⁺ , moreover, the catalyst was obtained by mixing in water at 60-70 ° C a mixture of FeCl ₃ ⋅ 6H ₂ O and Na ₂ CO ₃ with a mass ratio of FeCl ₃ ⋅ 6H ₂ O: Na ₂ CO ₃ = 2.5-4.5: 1, isolated from the oxidative cracking product of plant waste products after separation of the cracked solid fraction by filtration or centrifugation and neutralized to pH 5.5-6.5 by treatment with sodium carbonate. The treatment of waste plant materials with hydrogen peroxide in water in the presence of a catalyst is carried out in a 10-15-fold mass excess of water relative to the waste plant material.

The disadvantage of this solution is the use of chemicals that worsen the environmental performance of regulators, the receipt of the product in stationary conditions, which increases the cost of delivery of raw materials and product delivery to the consumer.

A known decision made as a close analogue to the patent No. 2433109 of 08/05/2009, IPC C05G 3/08, C05F 11/08, RU.

ECOCHEMICAL EARTH AND CONCENTRATED SOIL SOLUTION, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

A device for producing ecochernozem and concentrated soil solution containing containers located in the room with a liquid-permeable bottom, devices for watering and collecting the filtrate, means for supplying and heating air, containers are equipped with temperature and humidity control devices, devices for irrigation are equipped with liquid spraying devices, inside each tank from bottom to top there is a drainage layer, a layer of organic-mineral mixture, in the recess, which marks the initial volume of eco-chernozem, and the processed layer organomineralnoj mixture.

The disadvantages of the proposed solution are

- the presence of a drainage layer of straw, which must often be changed or added, because it settles to the bottom, closing the holes for drainage of the filtrate, reducing the productivity of the product,

- the need for stationary placement of the device for receiving products, increasing the cost of transportation costs for the delivery of raw materials and finished products to the consumer.

The technical result of the proposed solution is the creation of a mobile device that can improve the processability and fertilizer productivity for agriculture in industrial volumes over relatively large areas.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the device for obtaining a concentrate of soil extract contains a container with a liquid-tight bottom, a drain valve is placed in the lower part, a humidity sensor is placed in the hole on the side of the tank, and at a distance of 12-15 cm from the bottom of the tank inside it there is a drainage system containing a crate structure and a canvas with a fine-mesh carbon fiber structure, a layer of organic-mineral mixture, a layer of biogas are sequentially placed from above up the drainage system a rune, a layer of sorbent components and a layer of nutrient components, over which a temperature sensor is placed, while the layer of organomineral mixture contains a colony of earthworms Lumbricina, the layer of bio-soil contains chernozem-forming organisms, including colonies of 32-33 species of live anaerobic and aerobic in the form of bacterial spores, related to probiotics, and the sorbent layer contains brown coal.

In the drawing of FIG. 1 is a general view of the device, where

1 - temperature sensor,

2 - soil moisture sensor,

3 - drain valve

4 - layer of nutrient components,

5 - a layer of sorbent components,

6 - a layer of bio-soil,

7 - layer of an organic-mineral mixture,

8 - drainage system.

The essence is as follows.

The device is made in the form of a container, over the bottom of which, at a distance of 12-15 cm, a crate structure and carbon fiber cloths 8 for spillage of concentrate are placed. The temperature sensor 1 is placed above the surface of the loaded mixture, the humidity sensor 2 is placed in the hole on the side surface of the tank. A drain valve 3 is located in the lower part of the tank body.

The layers loaded into the container: organic-mineral mixture 7, a layer of bio-soil 6, a layer of sorbent components 5, a layer of nutrient components 4.

The device is used as follows.

A drainage system is created in the tank using crate structures and carbon fiber cloth, layers are placed:

the first horizontal layer with bio-soil containing chernozem-forming organisms, and additional nutritional components, colonies 32-33 of the living anaerobic species and aerobic colonies in the form of spores of bacteria belonging to probiotics,

sorbent components in the form of brown coal to increase the air permeability of the mixture,

the second horizontal layer of the organic-mineral mixture containing a colony of earthworms (Lumbricina) to saturate the bio-soil being processed with oxygen, the drainage system made in the form of crate structures is placed at a height of 12-15 cm from the bottom surface of the tank,

to isolate the penetration of coarse and fine fractions of the organic-mineral mixture through the structures, an additional web with a fine-mesh carbon fiber structure is placed,

to preserve the vital activity of earthworms processing bio-soil, organic-mineral mixture, the layers are shed with dispersed technically pure water in an automatic mode, in accordance with the readings of moisture and temperature measuring devices of the organic-mineral mixture,

to increase the processing speed, the components of the horizontal layers are pre-crushed to a particle size of 1-6 mm,

maintaining optimal conditions for biochemical processing processes is carried out by controlling the temperature and humidity of the room within:

temperature 23-28 ° С and relative humidity more than 75%,

the processing process is completed 30-45 days after reaching the transparency of the filtrate in the range 1-3 FNU (FTU), determined by the nephelometer,

carry out sedimentation and filtering the solution from mechanical impurities,

the control of the absence of odors characteristic of the production process within ≤2 is determined by olfactometry,

apply the soil extract concentrate; it is produced by dilution in water and applying the mixture in coarse form to the soil in ratios for different types of crops: 1: 4 for cereals, 1: 6 for fruit and berries, 1:10 for infertile, 1 : 5 - for the preparation of all types of soils and, directly, on the plants and crops themselves closer to the root system and along the entire length.

The bio-soil is renewable since periodically, the worm colony and parent microorganisms are fed with various nutrient components, which leads to a practically constant amount of bio-soil in volume and time.

The effectiveness of the use of a mobile device to obtain a concentrate of soil extracts was verified experimentally.

The conducted experiments on agricultural and coniferous crops on the territory and in the premises of FSBEI HE “St. Petersburg State Forestry University named after CM. Kirov, ”showed the effectiveness of a mobile device for placing its modules and receiving a product with its help.

The developed mobile device for the production of soil extract concentrate has made it possible to increase the processability indicators and increase the productivity of fertilizer volume for agriculture in industrial volumes over relatively large areas.

Claims (1)

A device for producing a concentrate of soil extract, characterized in that it contains a container with a liquid-tight bottom, a drain valve is located in the lower part, a humidity sensor is placed in the hole on the side of the tank, and 12-15 cm from the bottom of the tank inside a drainage system is located, containing a crate structure and a canvas with a fine-mesh carbon fiber structure; a layer of organic-mineral mixture, a layer of bio-soil, a layer of sorb components and a nutrient layer over which the temperature sensor is placed, while the layer of organomineral mixture contains a colony of Lumbricina earthworms, the bio-soil layer contains chernozem-forming organisms, including colonies of 32-33 species of live anaerobic and aerobic probiotic bacteria and the sorbent layer contains brown coal.

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