RU189226U1 - Pneumatic sorting table - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machines for cleaning seeds, designed for cleaning from difficult to separate impurities and sorting seed material into fractions differing in density and surface roughness. The pneumatic sorting table contains a drive frame with an air-permeable deck, mechanisms for adjusting the tilt angles of the deck, and an aspiration system. The deck has a zone of pre-separation, gathering waste, intermediate, lightweight, heavy fractions of seeds and heavy waste. In the area of pre-separation of the material, a number of guide plates are installed, located with a gap of 5-60 mm relative to the deck surface at an angle of 15-75 ° to the discharge edge of the deck. EFFECT: increase of productivity, reduction of losses of seeds in waste, improvement of quality of sorting and cleaning of seeds from impurities 2 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machines for cleaning and sorting seeds and is intended for cleaning hard-to-remove impurities and sorting seed material into fractions differing in density and surface roughness among themselves.

Known vibropneumatic, containing the frame, deck, casing, racks, drive mechanisms and fan. The deck has areas of preliminary separation and separate transportation. The drive is made in the form of a crank shaft and connecting rod. The fan has a suction port and discharge channel. The receiver is located in front of the receiver for the dense fraction. The guide is made with the possibility of vertical movement and control of the angle between its plane and the direction of movement of the material. There are blinds under the deck. (patent specification RU2551086 C2, IPC A01F 12/44 (2006.01), published: 05/20/2015. Bull. No. 14)

The disadvantages of the known vibropneumatic separator are the lack of a clear layer-by-layer redistribution of seed material in the pre-separation zone with an increase in its productivity, due to the increased thickness of the separated seed layer, the unevenness of the air flow, while sorting different crops on the physico-mechanical properties, which does not provide the required separation quality seeds and impurities.

Known pneumatic sorting table containing a frame, a deck with a platform for delamination, discrepancies of the formed layers, and a working surface, an air-leveling plane, a mechanism for communicating oscillatory movement of the deck. On the working surface of the deck, the louvre projections are parallel and parallel to the discharge edge and are facing in its direction, and the edges of the louvre projections located on the working surface of the deck and the divergence zone are made equal in height over the entire surface of the deck, directed perpendicular to the discharge edge and facing the direction of heavy movement. fractions (prototype, patent specification RU2333038 C1. IPC W03B 4/02 (2006.01), W07B 4/08 (2006.01), published: 09/10/2008 Byul. No. 25).

The disadvantages of the known pneumatic sorting table are the lack of a clear layer-by-layer redistribution of seed material in the pre-separation zone while increasing its productivity due to the increased thickness of the seed to be separated, uneven air flow when working on various crops, which does not provide the required quality of separation of seeds and impurities.

The task of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the table, reducing the loss of seeds in waste, improving the quality of sorting and cleaning seeds from impurities

The technical result is an increase in productivity by effective pre-stratification of seed material in the area of the loading part of the deck.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that on the table there is a pneumatic screening machine that includes an air-permeable deck mounted on the drive frame with a preliminary delamination area in the loading area, and areas of waste, intermediate, lightweight, heavy fractions of seeds and heavy waste, limited by the discharge edge, seed flow dividers , waste sleeves, intermediate, lightweight, heavy fractions of seeds, waste and seed receiver, collection of heavy impurities, adjustment mechanisms the deck tilt angles and the suction system, the preliminary delamination area is provided with guide plates installed with a gap relative to the deck surface and at an acute angle to the discharge edge.

The guide plates can be installed with gaps of 5-60 mm relative to the deck surface.

Guide plates can be installed to the discharge edge at angles of 15-75 °.

The essence of the claimed utility model is that the placement of the guide plates with a gap relative to the surface of the deck and at an acute angle to the discharge edge of the deck can improve the efficiency of stratification of seed material, increasing the sorting performance at the same time. The size of the gap and the angle of inclination is chosen depending on the type and physico-mechanical characteristics of the seed material.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed pneumatic screening table; in fig. 2 - side view; in fig. 3 shows the deck of the pneumatic sorting table with guide plates arranged with a gap relative to the mesh surface of the deck at an angle to the edge of the gathering of seeds and departure from the deck surface; in fig. 4 - scheme of movement of seed material on the deck surface.

Pneumatic sorting table includes: frame 1, vibrators 2, vibration insulators 3, umbrella 4, loading neck 5, feeder 6, air flow rate regulator 7, body 8; deck 9, which includes a frame 10 with an edge 11 of gathering seeds and waste from the surface of deck 9, a breathable mesh surface 12, guide plates 13; divider 14 waste stream and intermediate fraction, divider 15 intermediate stream and lightweight fraction, divider 16 stream lightweight and heavy fraction, air flow control valve 17 between valve 17 and the mesh surface of deck 9 for outputting heavy impurities, air speed control mechanism 18 between the valve 17 and the mesh surface of deck 9 for output under valve 17 of heavy impurities, sleeve 19 for withdrawal of waste, sleeve 20 for withdrawal of intermediate fraction, sleeve 21 for withdrawing lightweight seeds, sleeve 22 for withdrawing heavy seeds, receiver 23 of waste and seeds, collection of 24 heavy impurities, mechanism 25 for adjusting the lateral tilt angle of the deck, mechanism 26 for adjusting the longitudinal tilt angle of the deck, flexible insert 27.

Table pneumatic sorting works as follows.

In accordance with FIG. 1, fig. 2 and FIG. 3, the air duct of the regulator 7 is connected through the flexible insert 24 to the umbrella 4, the fan of the aspiration system of the process line, is connected to the inlet of the regulator 7, using the mechanism 25 for adjusting the lateral tilt angle and mechanism 26 for adjusting the longitudinal tilt angle of deck 9 taking into account the cultivated culture, two vibrators 2 and a fan of the aspiration system of the processing line are turned on. The flow of seed material in the machine as follows. From the process line through the loading neck 5 and the feeder 6, the seed flow is fed to the working surface of deck 9 with an air-blown mesh surface 12, on which guide plates 13 are installed in the loading area of the source material with a gap relative to the mesh surface 12 at an angle to the edge 11 of deck 9. Simultaneously with the supply of material included vibrators. The table body 8 together with the deck 9 and the umbrella 4 under the influence of vibrators makes a reciprocating movement. Simultaneously with the supply of material and the inclusion of vibrators, the fan of the aspiration system of the process line is turned on. Under the influence of the fan inside the umbrella 4 creates a vacuum. Through the mesh surface of 12 deck 9 begins to pass the flow of air created by the fan. Using the regulator 7, this rate of air flow through the mesh surface 12 is set, at which a fluidized bed of seeds forms on the entire surface of deck 9. In the pre-separation zone, seeds with lower density under the influence of the air flow move to the upper layers of the incoming material and under the influence of plates 13 to move in the direction of the edge 11 and descending from the mesh surface of the deck enter the zone of the waste receiver and through the sleeve 19, the receiver 23 is sent to the waste bin of the technology as the density increases, they are removed from the waste discharge area along the surface of deck 9 and sent through the edge 11 to the zones: intermediate fraction, lightweight and heavy seeds, and through the corresponding sleeves 20, 21 and 22, through the receiver 23 are sent to the corresponding bunkers: intermediate fraction, lightweight and heavyweight seeds of the processing line. Using the mechanism 18 in the gap between the valve 17 and the mesh surface 12 of deck 9 for the removal of heavy impurities, an air flow is created in which the seeds are not passed under the valve 17, and the heavy impurities pass through the mesh surface under the valve 17 and go through the edge 11 in the collection of 24 heavy impurities.

Claims (3)

1. A pneumatic sorting table, including an air-permeable deck installed on the drive frame with a pre-separation platform in the loading area and waste areas, intermediate, lightweight, heavy fractions of seeds and heavy waste, limited discharge edge, splitters of seed flow, waste extraction sleeve, intermediate, lightweight, heavy fractions of seeds, waste receptacle and seeds, a collection of heavy impurities, deck tilt angle adjustment mechanisms and aspiration system, tlichayuschiysya in that the pre-separation pad is provided with guide plates arranged with a gap relative to the deck surface and at an acute angle to the discharge edge. 2. Table according to claim. 1, characterized in that the guide plates are installed with gaps of 5-60 mm relative to the deck surface. 3. Table according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the guide plates are mounted to the discharge edge at angles of 15-75 °.

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