RU1824363C - Bin for easily vulnerable cargoes - Google Patents

Abstract

Using complexes of equipment for transporting and storing fruits and vegetables, SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A hopper for lightly damaged goods comprises a housing, the walls of which are installed with an extension in the lower part, and trays overlapping its neck; which interact with counterweights Each tray is equipped with wheels for supporting it on the walls. Under the influence of the load, the logs are lowered and when they move to the lower, expanded part of the body rotated around the points of attachment of ropes to them and define an opening through which the load is dropped on the chute and further through a window outputted from a hopper 2 of claim 5 f- ly yl

Description

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The invention relates to hoppers for lightly damaged goods and is intended, in particular, for use in complexes of equipment for transporting and storing fruits and vegetables.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by simplifying the design.

In Fig 1 presents a General view of the hopper without cargo, side view with a section; in FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1, with two trays installed in the upper position; in FIG. 4 - the same with four trays; in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 1. One of the extreme positions of the trays and counterweights is shown by solid lines, the other by dashed lines.

The hopper for lightly damaged loads contains a housing 1, the walls 2 of which are installed with expansion in the lower part 3, and trays 4 that overlap its neck. The latter are suspended on ropes 5. which.

The blocks 6 are bent around, with other ends connected to the traverse 7. On the outer surface of the housing 1, in different horizontal levels, in pairs, with different spacing in each pair, brackets 8 are mounted on which separate counterbalance elements 9, 10, 11 are mounted. The brackets 8 are made with slots for passing the traverse 7. Each tray 4 is equipped with support elements for interacting with the walls 2 of the housing 1. They are expediently made in the form of wheels 12 for which guides 13 can be installed on the walls 2. casing 1 can be installed shock absorbers 14 of any known design (for example, spring or hydraulic) to soften the shock when lifting the trays 4 and the upper elements of the counterweights, and not adjacent surfaces of the trays 4 - elastic elements 15. Each rope 5 is attached to the lot at 4 at a point raspo00

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laid between the center of gravity of the latter and supporting elements (wheels 12). This ensures constant contact of the wheels 12 with the wall 2, including in the lower, expanded, part 3 of the housing 1. In the lower part 3, latches 16 of any known construction are installed (for example, in the form of a pin or latch) to hold the trays 4 in lower position. Trays 4 can be two or more (for example, four, as shown in Fig. 4). A larger number of them ensures uniform pouring of cargo from the hopper onto the chute 17, through which the cargo through the window 18 is discharged from the hopper, for example onto a conveyor (not shown). The trough 17 can be made with holes for spilling foreign inclusions (sand, dirt) into them and collecting them in a tray 19.

The hopper operates as follows.

In the absence of cargo, the trays 4 are in the upper position under the influence of the weight of the lower counterbalance elements 9. In addition, each counterweight element 9, 10, 11 is supported by its bracket 8. At the beginning of loading, the trays 4 continue to be in the upper position, providing a low drop height and excluding damage. As soon as the weight of the trays 4 with the load exceeds the weight of the counterbalance elements 9, the trays 4 will begin to lower, lifting the elements 9 until the latter rest against the middle elements 10 of the counterweights. After the weight of the trays 4 with the load exceeds the total weight of the elements 9 and 10, the trays 4 are lowered even lower. The lowering of the trays 4 will continue until the upper elements 11 abut against the shock absorbers 14. At the last stage of their lowering, the supporting elements (wheels 12) will go to the lower, expanded part З of the housing 1. The trays 4, turning around the points of attachment of ropes to them 5, under the action of the moment of the weight of the trays 4 themselves and the load, form an opening through which the load is poured onto the chute 17 and then through the window 18 it is taken out of the hopper. If, at the same time, the load level in the hopper begins to drop (its flow decreases or stops temporarily: hours), then under the influence of the weight of the counterweights, the trays 4 rise and block the hole, preventing the load level from decreasing and increasing its height in the future. When resuming the supply of goods to the hopper, trays 4 are again lowered and the cargo is passed down. In this way, a constant load level and a constant drop height are automatically maintained in the hopper. At the end of the hopper loading process, when the supply of cargo to it is stopped, and the trays 4 are still in the lower (open) position, the latches 16 are activated. They hold

the trays 4 in the open position until the whole load is poured onto the chute 17. After that, the latches 16 are released and the trays are raised to the initial position by the action of the counterweight.

Having a greater simplicity and reliability of the design compared to the prototype, the invention ensures the safety of the cargo, excluding impacts when dropped, improves its quality, cleansing of impurities. reduces energy intensity using the energy of a falling load.

Claims (3)

1. The hopper for lightly damaged goods, comprising a housing with vertical walls mounted about it with the possibility of plane-parallel movement and rotation in the vertical plane of the tray, mounted on the outer surface of the housing with the possibility of vertical movement of the balances, associated with them and the tray flexible elements that envelope the blocks installed in the upper part of the housing, and latches to hold the tray in the lower position, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, it equipped with at least one additional tray, which is installed in the casing and is connected with flexible elements similarly to the first tray, where all the trays are located symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the hopper with the possibility of contacting adjacent edges, and supporting elements are mounted on their opposite edges to interact with the walls of the casing, the latter are made with expansion in the lower part and the attachment point of the flexible member to each tray is located between the center of gravity of the latter and the support members. 2. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with vertical rails mounted on the walls of the housing. and the support elements are made in the form of wheels for movement in the rails. 3. The hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with shock absorbers mounted in the upper part of the housing for interacting with the trays and balances and elastic elements fixed to adjacent edges of the trays. Figure 1 2 2 fjjinr f. T r & - & ig. 4