RU177574U1 - TOOLS FOR BASIC SOIL TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to implements for layer-by-layer subsurface tillage. An instrument for primary tillage includes a frame, a device for connecting to a tractor, a regulation mechanism, support wheels, working bodies. The working bodies are mounted on the frame staggered in two tiers. The working bodies of the lower tier contain a rack and a flat-cutting paw. The working bodies of the upper tier contain a rack, flat-cutting paw, rippers, brackets and an axis. The brackets are rigidly fixed with the wings of flat-cut legs. The axis is mounted in brackets. The rippers are mounted on the axis, and the ends of the rippers are directed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the implement for the main tillage. Behind the working bodies, a skating rink is installed, containing an axis and disk rippers. Disc rippers are mounted on the roller axis at regular intervals, and figured recesses are made along the periphery of the disc rippers. The vertices located between the figured recesses are triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the disk cultivators. Such a design of the implement for the main processing will improve the quality of soil cultivation.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to implements for basic tillage.

Known tool for basic tillage [Patent RU No. 120319. Publ. 09/20/2012, bull. No. 26], including a frame, support wheels, a control mechanism and working bodies, which are mounted on the frame in a staggered manner in two tiers.

However, the known tool has a disadvantage, which can be attributed to the unsatisfactory quality of the main tillage.

The technical result of the utility model is improving the quality of the main subsurface tillage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that behind the working bodies a roller is installed, containing an axis and disk cultivators. Disc rippers are mounted on the axis of the roller at regular intervals, and figured recesses are made on the periphery of the disc rippers. The vertices located between the curly recesses are triangular and guided in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the disk cultivators.

In FIG. 1 shows a tool for basic tillage, side view, in FIG. 2 - a working body of the upper tier, side view, in FIG. 3 - working body of the upper tier, top view, in FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of the roller along the line AA.

The main tillage tool contains a frame 1, a device 2 for connecting to a tractor, control mechanisms 3, support wheels 4, working bodies 5 and 6. Working bodies 5 and 6 are mounted on frame 1 in a staggered manner in two tiers. The working bodies 5 of the lower tier contain a stand 7 and a flat-cutting paw 8. The working bodies 6 of the upper tier contain a stand 9, a flat-cutting paw 10, rippers 11, brackets 12 and an axis 13. In cross section, the rippers 11 have a diamond shape. The brackets 12 are rigidly fixed with the wings of the plane-cutting paws 10. The axis 13 is installed in the brackets 12. The rippers 11 are mounted on the axis 13 with the possibility of changing their position in the vertical plane together with the axis 13 and fixing in the required position with nuts 14, turned on opposite ends of the axis 13. The ends of the cultivators 11 are directed in the direction opposite to the direction of the implement for layer-by-layer tillage. The holes 9 are made on the rack 9. The working bodies 6 of the upper tier are mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of adjusting the distance between the lower edges of the wings of the plane-cutting paws 10 and the lower point of the support wheel 4. The necessary position of the working bodies 6 in height relative to the lower point of the support wheel 4 is controlled by moving the rack 9 “up and down” on the frame 1, until the required holes 15 of the rack 9 coincide with the holes of the frame 1, and are fixed in the required position by bolts (not shown in the figure).

A roller 18 is mounted on the frame 1, behind the working bodies 5, in the adjusting bracket 16 by means of the hitch 17. The roller 18 contains an axis 19 and disk rippers 20. The disk rippers 20 are mounted on the axis 19 of the roller 18 at regular intervals, and along the periphery of the disk rippers 20 are made figured recesses 21. The peaks 22 located between the figured recesses 21 are made triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the disk cultivators 20.

The position of the roller 18 in height relative to the support wheels 4 is regulated by moving the hitch 17 together with the roller 18 along the adjustment bracket 16 and fixed in the required position with bolts 23 inserted into the holes 24 of the adjustment bracket 16.

The tool for primary tillage works as follows.

Previously, the implement for primary tillage is coupled to the tractor by means of device 2. The working bodies 5 and 6 are placed on the frame 1 in a checkerboard pattern in two tiers, two rows in each tier. The adjustment mechanisms 3 set the required overhang of the support wheels 4 relative to the lower edges of the wings of the flat-cut legs 8. As a rule, this distance is 30 ... 35 cm, which is enough for the flat-cut legs 8 to destroy the plow sole formed after the soil is processed by dump plow plows. Then, by moving the strut 9 "up and down" on the frame 1, the distance between the lower edges of the wings of the plane-cutting legs 10 and the lower point of the support wheel 4 is adjusted. As a rule, this distance does not exceed 16 cm. By moving the hitch 17 together with the roller 18 along the adjustment bracket 16 achieve the required distance between the lower points of the support wheels 4 and the roller 18.

When moving implements for the main tillage with buried working bodies 5 and 6, flat-cutting legs 8 loosen the soil and destroy the plow sole. In addition to loosening the soil, flat-cutting paws 10 cut weeds located in the upper (fertile) soil layer. In addition, the soil layer descending from the wings of plane-cutting paws 10 is additionally subjected to crumbling with rippers 11 mounted on the axis 13 and with a sharp edge facing the direction of movement of the unit.

The roller 18, which rotates behind the working bodies 5, loosens the topsoil with disk rippers 20 to the required depth. When the roller 18 rotates, the triangular peaks 22 of the disk cultivators 21 penetrate the soil to a certain depth, destroy the lumps of the soil, and contribute to high-quality loosening of the upper soil layer.

After the gun passes through the field, the plow sole is destroyed, the top soil layer has a small crumbly structure, and the maximum size of the destroyed soil lumps does not exceed the maximum size of the soil lumps allowed by the agrotechnical requirements for presowing tillage. The presence of a loose and finely lumpy soil structure in the upper soil layer prevents the evaporation of moisture and the formation of cracks on the soil surface.

The installation of working bodies 5 and 6 on frame 1 in a checkerboard pattern in two tiers, two rows in each tier, allows you to process the soil layer-by-layer over the entire (necessary) depth and with the absence of blemishes (untreated strips) due to the overlap of the wings of plane-cutting paws 8 and 10 each row.

The presence on the working bodies 6 of the upper tier of cultivators 11 allows you to qualitatively destroy the lumps of soil formed after the passage of plane-cutting paws 10 and, subsequently, to eliminate additional technological operations for preparing the soil for sowing.

The installation of cultivators 11 with the ability to change their position in the vertical plane, the ends of which are directed in the direction opposite to the direction of motion of the implement for layer-by-layer tillage, allows you to adjust the angle between the horizontal and the vertical, thereby changing the degree of crumbling of the soil depending on its condition (moisture and density )

The installation of the working bodies 6 of the upper tier on the frame 1 with the possibility of adjusting the distance between the lower edges of the wings of the flat-cut legs 10 and the lower point of the support wheel 4 allows you to adjust the required depth of the upper soil layer without changing the depth of travel of the flat-cut legs 8.

The presence of the roller 18 containing the axis 19 and disk cultivators 20, on the outer surface of which vertices are made triangular in shape and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the roller 18, allows not only to loosen the top soil layer with high quality, but also to destroy the soil lumps left after the passage of the working bodies 5 and 6, as a result of which the surface of the soil has a fuzzy structure.

The use of tools for primary cultivation improves the quality of soil cultivation and improves the water regime and air conditions for the development of plants.

Claims (1)

The main tillage tool, including a frame, a device for connecting to a tractor, a control mechanism, support wheels, working bodies mounted on a frame in a staggered manner in two tiers, working bodies of the lower tier contain a rack and a flat-cutting leg, working bodies of the upper tier contain a rack , flat-cutting paw, cultivators, brackets and an axis, brackets are rigidly fixed with the wings of flat-cutting legs, the axis is mounted in brackets, cultivators are mounted on an axis, and the ends of cultivators are directed to the opposite side the direction of movement of the implement for basic tillage, characterized in that a roller is installed behind the working bodies, containing an axis and disk cultivators installed on the roller axis at regular intervals, and curly notches are made along the periphery of the disk cultivators, the vertices located between the figured notches are made triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the disk rippers.

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