RU1771715C - Device for femoral neck fracture osteosynthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in medicine, namely in traumatology and orthopedics for osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures, through and intertrochanteric fractures. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the device comprises a flat plate 1, having through holes 3 at one end 2, and channels 5 at the other end 4, and intraosseous rods with clamps installed in the holes 3, and fixing screws 6 with threaded heads 7 in the channels 5 having nuts 8. Holes 3 are arranged in two rows along the edges of the plate 1 at an angle to its surface. The intraosseous rods are made in the form of spokes 9, and the retainers are in the form of locking screws 10 mounted on the sides of the plate 1. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine, and in particular, traumatology can be used to treat femoral neck fractures and trochanteric fractures.

For osteosynthesis of a proxy fracture. At the lower end of the thigh, various types of fixatives are used, which to some extent injure the tissue. However, despite the large number of proposed methods, the osteosynthesis technique presents certain difficulties, mainly in determining the direction of introduction of the spokes, as well as in further preventing migration.

In elderly and senile people, the volume of surgical interventions should be minimal, since they do not tolerate large traumatic operations in connection with age-related changes

vital organs and related diseases. After a traumatic operation, it is not always possible to activate the patient, due to a decrease in the immune and biological forces of the body. Often there is a suppurative process in the area of the operating site. Therefore, in order to prevent complications (pressure sores, pneumonia, etc.) and exacerbate concomitant diseases and to activate patients, it is possible to use osteosynthesis with spokes that are less traumatic and not difficult to certain groups of patients.

A device is known for guiding the needle during osteosynthesis of the femoral neck, comprising a base, a two-plane meter, a scale with divisions, a guide

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knitting needles, fasteners, for proper orientation of the knitting needle guides, a drum is mounted on the guiding bases on which a two-plane meter is fixed.

The disadvantages of the device are as follows:

- inconvenience in use;

- additional trauma is applied in the elderly;

-for the removal of screws need an additional operation ;;

-fixing needles is insufficient;

- there is a migration of spokes;

-applied only with a fracture of the femoral neck.

A spoke apparatus is known, comprising a base consisting of a head in which an axial threaded tire for a bolt and bodies with an axial channel of a slightly smaller diameter and an external thread are made.

The disadvantages of the device are as follows:

- the ends of the spokes are not fixed enough;

- spokes have only one direction towards the neck of the thigh;

the single-rod retainer for the device is insufficient;

The design of the device is complicated.

Known fixer for osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures, containing a base with holes in which spokes are placed, bent at the fastening ends in contact with the clamping element and screws located in the base for fixing fragments of non-split fractures during osteoporosis, the base is made in the form of a plate with an arrangement on the outer surface with threaded rods, and the clamping element is made in the form of a bar with slots along the outer contour.

The disadvantages of the device;

-operation is traumatic;

-all metal structures are immersed in the fracture region;

-repeated operation;

-applies only to fractures of the femoral neck.

A device is known for osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures, adopted as a prototype, containing a plate having through holes at one end and channels at the other end, and intraosseous rods with fixators installed in the holes, and fixing screws with threaded heads in the channels having nuts.

The disadvantages of the prototype device are as follows:

-the angle of direction of the spokes is undefined;

-cross knitting needles are not introduced into a specific area;

- limited only to the treatment of femoral neck fractures;

- there is no core fixation behind the femur.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the morbidity while treating trans- and intertrochanteric fractures.

0 This goal is achieved in that the device containing the plate having through holes at one end, and channels at the other end, and intraosseous rods with fixators 5 installed in the holes, and fixing screws with threaded heads having nuts in the channels have a plate made flat, holes — located in two rows along the edges of the plate at an angle to its surface. On the

0 drawing shows a device.

The device comprises a flat plate 1 having through holes at one end 2, channels 5 at the other end 4, and intraosseous rods with fixators installed in the holes 3, and fixing screws 6 with threaded heads 7 having nuts in the channels 5 8. The holes 3 are arranged in two rows along the edges of the plate 1 at an angle, for example, 30 ° or angles to it

0 surface. The intraosseous rods are made in the form of spokes 9, and the latches are in the form of locking screws 10 mounted on the sides of the plates 1.

The device is used as follows:

Under local anesthesia in the area of the trochanter and the upper third of the thigh, a skin incision is made in the outer thigh area with a length of 1-1.5 cm at the level of channels A

0 of the plate 1, in two places with the help of the tools the soft tissues of the thigh are pushed to the bone and a groove is drilled with a drill to insert the fixing screws 6.

In case of medial fractures of the femoral neck, bundles of needles 9 in the amount of, for example, 6 pieces are inserted in only one direction, and in case of transverse fractures of the needles, 8 pieces are introduced in two directions in accordance with the holes 3 in plate I , after the final insertion of the needles 9, each spoke 9 is fixed separately with the locking screws 10, and an alcohol dressing is applied to the wounds in the area

5 insertion of spokes 9 and screws 6.

An example is the following observations:

Patient Boyko EA, 47 years old, medical history 1066. He was injured on 5-IV-1988, at work. Upon admission to NIITO

Claims (1)

The diagnosis was established: Closed large-comminuted fracture of the right femur with displacement of bone fragments. On admission, a skeletal traction system was applied, after two weeks the operation was performed - osteosynthesis with 9 spokes with external fixation, the device was removed after b weeks. A long-term result after a year - the bone was compared, the patient walks well without crutches, movements in the hip joint in full. The device for osteosynthesis of fractures of the femoral neck containing a plate having through holes at one end, and canals at the other, and intraosseous holes installed in the holes rods with clamps, and in the channels, fixing screws with threaded heads having nuts, characterized in that, in order to reduce the rate of healing, if it is possible to treat trans- and between trochanteric fractures, the plate is made flat, the holes are arranged in two rows along the edges plates at an angle to its surface, intraosseous rods are made in the form of knitting needles, and clamps are made in the form of locking screws mounted on the becks of the plates.