RU176049U1 - The simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks during classes to restore the account and writing in patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and may find application in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics. A tablet simulator was created for tasks during the restoration of counting and writing in patients of a neurological clinic, containing a rectangular base made of plastic 2-4 mm thick, which is equipped with a plastic side 4-6 mm high and 5-10 mm wide around the perimeter . Moreover, the base with the side to form a cavity designed for the location in it of a printed sheet with tasks and having dimensions of 210 × 297 mm, and its depth is equal to the height of the side. A plate made of plastic is movably attached to the upper part of the base by means of a swivel joint, the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 2-4 mm. At the same time, through slots of rectangular shape with dimensions of 15-20 × 80-90 mm are made in the plate, in each of which sliders made of plastic are movably mounted with the possibility of movement. Moreover, each slider has an upper and lower part connected to each other by two pins that protrude from the upper part of the slider and enter the holes of the lower part and the screw with a conical hat. On the upper part of each slider there is a platform for performing graphical actions on it, tabs are installed around the perimeter of the platform, and a handle is provided at the bottom of the plate for lifting it. On the wide sides of each slot on the top of the plate there are risks made in dark color and dividing the slot into five equal parts. The utility model provides an extension of the functional capabilities of the simulator desktop during classes to restore accounts and letters, provided by the structural elements of the proposed device.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore a disturbed account and writing in patients of a neurological clinic.

Violation of the account - acalculia and letters - agraphia are widespread mental disorders in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. Therefore, classes aimed at restoring a broken account and letters are an important component of the neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients in a neurological clinic with these disorders.

One of the mandatory exercises used during classes to restore the counting process, aimed at restoring one of the main components of this process - counting operations, are exercises for performing various arithmetic operations.

Currently, for the practical application of these exercises, various printing simulators are used, for example, "A book-simulator for your brain." The printed pages of this simulator, made in the form of a book with a hard cover, contain arithmetic operations on addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of single-digit and double-digit numbers. After completing each arithmetic operation, the answer fits into the rectangle located to the right of the arithmetic operation (Anton Moguchiy, Simulator book for your brain, Moscow: Publisher: ACT, 2017, pp. 24-28, 32-36, 40-44, 48- 52, 56-60, 64-68, 72-76, 80-84, 88-92, 96-100). The disadvantages of this simulator when it is used during classes to restore the account in patients of a neurological clinic "are: the inability to reuse printed sheets, since the correct answers are entered directly on paper sheets; the student has the ability to enter only absent answers to the given arithmetic operations into the printed sheet of this simulator; it is difficult to use the working surface of this simulator for patients with visual impairment, since the numbers and signs of arithmetic operations have a small print; it is also difficult to use in patients with impaired fine motor skills, since the correct answers are entered in rectangles whose height is equal to the font size by which arithmetic operations are printed.

Tasks for entering missed elements is also used to restore the writing process, where one of the mandatory exercises is the task of entering missed letters into words.

Currently, it is known to use various types of training simulators for writing rehabilitation classes. The printed pages of such a simulator, made in the form of a brochure, contain columns of words in which one letter is missing, and the student must enter them into words. (Uzorova O.V., Nefedova E.A. 3000 examples of the Russian language. How to learn to write correctly., Moscow: publishing house ACT, 2013, 16 pp.). The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore letters from patients in a neurological clinic are: the inability to reuse the printed sheets of the simulator, the ability to enter only letters that are not in the words on the printed sheet of the simulator; inconvenience of using the working surface of the simulator for patients with visual impairment, as words with missing letters are printed in small print; and it is also inconvenient to use the working surface of the simulator for patients with impaired fine motor skills, since the inscription of letters is carried out in words printed in small print. In addition, the scope of the practical application of this simulator is limited and is intended solely for teaching the writing process.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices, a "simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks during classes to restore accounts and letters from patients in a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as "simulator-tablet") was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of reuse of working materials;

b) providing the possibility of forming from a limited number of printed sheets with working material an unlimited number of tasks by easily removing any character from the task for its subsequent inscription by patients;

c) ensuring comfortable work with the working surface of the simulator for patients with visual impairment and fine motor skills;

d) ensuring comfortable work with the simulator for patients with impaired fine motor skills due to the ability to enter the missing characters large;

d) the versatility of this simulator, which allows you to use it for classes, both to restore the account and to restore the letter.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the working surface of the simulator during classes to restore counts and letters, provided by the structural elements of the proposed device, creating comfortable conditions for classes for patients with visual acuity and fine motor skills, as well as allowing reuse of printed sheets with working material.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a simulator-tablet was created for tasks during the restoration of counting and writing in patients of a neurological clinic, containing a rectangular base made of plastic 2-4 mm thick, which is equipped with a plastic side 4-6 mm high along the perimeter and a width of 5-10 mm, and the base with the side to form a cavity designed for the location in it of a printed sheet with tasks and having dimensions of 210 × 297 mm, and its depth is equal to the height of the side to the top of the base through a swivel joint movably attached a plate made of plastic, the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 2-4 mm, while in the plate there are made through cuts of a rectangular shape with dimensions of 15-20 × 80-90 mm, each of which is movably mounted , with the possibility of movement, sliders made of plastic, each slider having upper and lower parts connected to each other by two pins that protrude from the upper part of the slider and enter the holes of the lower part and the screw with a conical with a hat, on the top of each slider there is a platform for performing graphical actions on it, protrusions are installed along the perimeter of the platform, and a handle designed to lift it is fixed to the bottom of the plate, there are risks made on the wide sides of each slot on the top of the plate color, and dividing the slot into five equal parts.

The essence of the "simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks in the course of classes to restore accounts and letters in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “simulator-tablet” without a printed sheet;

In FIG. 2 - "simulator-tablet" containing a printed sheet for classes to restore the account;

In FIG. 3 - "simulator-tablet" containing a printed sheet for classes on the restoration of writing;

In FIG. 4 is a front view of a slider;

In FIG. 5 - view of the slider from the back;

In FIG. 6 is a side view of a slider installed in a slot of a plate;

In FIG. 7 is an example of a printed sheet for account recovery classes;

In FIG. 8 is an example of a printed sheet for writing restoration classes.

The proposed device "simulator-tablet" (see Fig. 1) contains a rectangular base (1) made of plastic, 2-4 mm thick, along the perimeter of which is a plastic side (2) 4-6 mm high and 5-10 wide mm, which form a cavity on the basis of (1) the device, the dimensions of which correspond to the size of a sheet of A4 paper and are 210 × 297 mm, and its depth is equal to the height of the forming collar (2).

A plastic plate (4) is movably fixed to the upper part of the base (1) (see Fig. 2, 3) by means of a swivel joint (3), the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 2-4 mm.

In the plate (4) there are 15-21 through slots (5) of a rectangular shape with dimensions of 15-20 × 80-90 mm, in each of which sliders (6) made of plastic are installed movably, with the ability to move. Each slider (6) consists of two parts (see Fig. 4-6), connected to each other by two pins (12), which protrude from the upper part of the slider (6) and enter the holes of its lower part and screw (13 ) with a conical hat that connects the upper and lower parts of the slider (6), providing easy adjustment of its movement through the through slot (5). On the front side of each slider (6) there is a platform (7) for performing graphic operations on it, using an easily erasable marker. Along the perimeter of the platform (7) there are protrusions (8) that protect the marker from sliding off the platform (7) during the execution of graphic operations.

The sliders (6) perform the following functions (see Fig. 2, 3)

a) ensure the closure of one of the symbols (11): numbers, arithmetic signs or letters located on the printed sheet (10) placed in the base cavity (1);

b) serve as the material basis for the application of symbols to patients (11).

A handle (9) is fixed in the lower part of the plate (4), which enables the plate (4) to be lifted during the insertion or removal of printed sheets (10) from the device.

On the wide sides of each through-slot (5) on the plate (4) there are risks (14) made in dark color and dividing the through-slot (5) into five equal parts, in accordance with the arrangement of the symbols (11) on the printed sheets (10). These risks (14) allow the specialist to place the slider (6) strictly above a certain symbol (11) on the printed sheet (10).

To work with the “simulator-tablet”, printed sheets (10) of A4 paper are used, on both sides of which are printed images of various symbols (11), which are:

a) numbers and arithmetic signs of which various arithmetic operations are composed (see Fig. 7);

b) the letters that make up the various words - nouns, in the form of five letters (see Fig. 8).

Symbols (11) of each arithmetic operation or words are applied in those places of the printed sheet (10), where there are through slots (5) on the plate (4), so each symbol (11) of the printed sheet (10) can be closed by moving the slider ( 6) placed in the through slot (5).

Printed worksheets (10) with arithmetic operations (see Figs. 2 and 7) are used for classes to restore counts with acalculia, and printed sheets (10) with words (see Figs. 3 and 8) are used for classes to restore letters when various forms of alexia.

A simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks during classes to restore the account and writing in patients of a neurological clinic works as follows:

Before the start of the lesson, the specialist installs a “simulator-tablet” on the surface of the working table, lifts the plate (4) by the handle (9) and places several printed sheets (10) in the cavity on the base (1) containing arithmetic depending on the patient’s abnormalities actions or words (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Moreover, when the plate (4) is closed, the patient through the through slots (5) can see all the symbols (11) with the exception of one that is closed by the slider (6). The patient is given the task, using an easily erasable marker, to enter symbols on the sites (7) of the sliders (6) that are closed by the sliders (6). In this case, the protrusions (8) protect the marker from sliding off the platform (7). This is especially important for patients with visual impairment and fine motor skills.

After the patient completes the task of one printed sheet (10), the verification of its correctness can be carried out either by lifting the plate (4) by the handle (9), or by moving the sliders (6) from the closed symbols (11).

Further, the symbols (11) written with an easily erasable marker on the platforms (7) of the sliders (6) are erased and the spent printed sheet (10) is removed from the “simulator-tablet” and the patient’s further work is carried out with the following printed sheet (10), which was previously placed in the cavity of the base (1) of the device.

The formation of new tasks by means of a “simulator-tablet” is carried out by changing printed sheets (10) placed in the cavity of the base (1) of the device with arithmetic operations or words, as well as by moving the sliders (6) in the through slots (5) of the plate (4) .

As for the formation of tasks for the restoration of the account, it is also carried out as described above, while at the initial stages in the “simulator-tablet” printed sheets (10) are placed that contain prime numbers of the first ten and arithmetic operations for addition and subtraction available for execution patients with severe violations of the account. As the patient achieves positive results in restoring the count, printed sheets (10) containing arithmetic operations on multiplication and division, as well as actions on addition and subtraction with double-digit numbers are installed in the “simulator-tablet”.

After the patient is trained to work with the “simulator-tablet” under the guidance of a specialist, he begins to use the device during independent studies, for which the specialist only adjusts the complexity of tasks necessary for this patient.

Along with the use of the “simulator-tablet” for classes in restoring the account and writing, it can also be used in restoring intellectual activity by performing the inscription of the missing element in a sequence of five characters united by a certain regularity, for example, “3, 6, 9, 12, 15” or "5, 10, 15, 20, 25."

In this case, in the work with the “simulator-tablet”, printed sheets (10) are used containing various sequences, one of the elements of which is similarly closed with the slider (6), and the patient determines this element and applies it to the platform (7) of the slider (6 ) easy to erase marker.

The proposed device has a wide range of practical uses and can find application in conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have problems forming counts and reading, as well as in conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age.

Thus, the proposed simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks in the course of restoration of counting and writing in patients of a neurological clinic provides an extension of the functionality of the working field due to its structural elements, represented by the base and the side, with the help of which a cavity is formed to accommodate a large number of it working materials and accordingly an unlimited number of tasks, plates with through slots and sliders providing comfortable conditions for nyaty patients with impaired visual acuity and fine motor skills.

Claims (1)

A simulator-tablet for the formation of tasks in the course of restoration of counting and writing in patients of a neurological clinic, containing a rectangular base made of plastic 2-4 mm thick, which is equipped with a plastic side 4-6 mm high and 5-10 mm wide around the perimeter, moreover, the base with the side form a cavity intended for the location of a printed sheet with tasks and having dimensions of 210 × 297 mm, and its depth is equal to the height of the side, p astin, made of plastic, the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 2-4 mm, while in the plate there are made through cuts of a rectangular shape with dimensions of 15-20 × 80-90 mm, in each of which plastic sliders are made movably installed, made with the possibility of moving and closing one of the characters located on a printed sheet placed in the cavity of the base of the simulator tablet, with each slider having upper and lower parts connected to each other by two pins that protrude from the upper part and the slider and enter the holes of the lower part and the screw with a conical hat, on the upper part of each slider there is a platform for performing graphic operations on it, protrusions are installed along the perimeter of the platform, and a handle is provided at the bottom of the plate for lifting it along wide sides each slot on the top of the plate there are risks made in dark color and dividing the slot into five equal parts.

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