RU166522U1 - DRILLING DRILL FOR DRILLING WITH SIMULTANEOUS CASE - Google Patents

Abstract

A drill for simultaneous casing drilling, including a drill string, a drill-expanding unit (BRU) with sliding cutters, a casing with a shoe, a connecting unit for the upper ends of the drill and casing, characterized in that the BRU contains a spring-loaded movable plunger made with the possibility of deepening of the sliding incisors during their descent and ascent into the slots done in its middle part and oriented with them with the help of a key and a groove, fixing the sliding incisors in the working position during their exit from the towers casing string poppy due to its integral upper part and flushing fluid discharge into the annulus through the drain holes when combining them with drain holes in the BRU case, as well as a bit for drilling the leading pilot well, while the upper ends of the drill and casing are connected to threads with swivel gland.

Description

The utility model relates to mining and construction and can be used for drilling vertical, inclined and vertical-horizontal exploration, water and hydraulic wells, as well as for drilling drilled piles in loose, unstable, prone to collapse, as well as watered and floating rocks with simultaneous fastening by their casing pipes.

A device is known (RF Patent No. 1680924, from 30.09.91, Bull. No. 36, ЕВВ 7/28, 7/20) for drilling wells with simultaneous casing, including a casing string, a housing, a bit attached to the lower end of the housing, a rock cutting tool attached to the side surface of the housing, and an inclined guide element located above the rock cutting tool and attached to the housing.

The disadvantage of this device is that its design features, namely: the presence of skew bottomhole layout, uneven destruction of rock at the bottom of the well, contribute to uncontrolled and intense curvature, which leads to complications during drilling.

Also known is “Sliding drill bit” (RF Patent No. 86646, IPC ЕВВ 7/20), consisting of a cylindrical shank, a head reinforced with carbide inserts that are mounted with the possibility of movement in guide grooves made in the head, while the walls of the guide grooves are not parallel to each other. Channels are made in the cylindrical shank and head, and longitudinal open channels are made on the outer lateral surface of the head. The disadvantage of the proposed model is that during pneumatic impact drilling direct contact of the protrusions of the sliding liners with the shoe ("edge") of the casing, referred to as "interaction" is allowed. This “interaction” can lead to an accident. In addition, the use of such a crown for installing a casing string is very limited - mainly in non-irrigated and very strong rocks (condition for the effective operation of a hammer).

A device is known (RF Patent No. 2262578, 20.10.2005, ЕВВ 7/20) for drilling wells in unstable and destroyed rocks with simultaneous casing, consisting of a drill and casing, a shoe with a centralizer, a rock cutting element, a guiding element and a diverter with leads channels. The guide element is made with an eccentric transverse groove of a rectangular shape, the lower part of which, by the amount of eccentricity, is made with a taper equal to the taper of the deflector shank. The diverter is placed in an eccentric transverse groove of the guide element with the possibility of axial and horizontal displacement. In this case, the axis of the diver’s feed channel for supplying the treatment agent to the bottom of the well is located at an angle to its axis and the axis of the well. During drilling, the bit is located eccentrically relative to the axis of the well, therefore, when it rotates around its axis and in a circle around the axis of the well, a development is created that is larger in diameter than the outer diameter of the casing. A significant drawback of this device is that the "elastic sleeve" cannot provide a seal for the connection between the shank and the lower part of the guide element, because: if it is made of metal (according to the sketch), it will collapse at the bend due to constant and intense vibrations and vibrations of the shank at the bottom of the guide element. In this case, a violation of the sealing in the discharge line, of which the connection is a part, will lead to an accident with a grab bit. In addition, the sketch does not show the channel for draining the flushing fluid from the bit to the surface, i.e., the gap between the casing and the wall of the well is not indicated.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result (prototype) is the “Drilling projectile” (RF Patent No. 1362811, 12.30.87. Bull. No. 48, IPC Е21В 7/2), containing a drill string with an inserted rock cutting tip, a casing with rock cutting a shoe having internal guides and thrust protrusions for interacting with an insert rock cutting tip, and connecting the upper ends of the drill and casing. The disadvantage of the prototype is the difficulty of replacing sliding cutters, because they are mounted on a double drill string, the extraction of which, compared with a single drill string, is associated with the technical complexity of the process and the high cost of labor and time. In addition, sliding cutters mounted on the tip with the help of axes are not fixed from turning them out of the internal guides, and this is not excluded during drilling, therefore, in places where the cutters leave the internal guides for a short time, the resistance of the rock to cutting acts on their fracture, which ultimately account may cause them to break.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a reliable and high-performance drill for drilling with simultaneous casing of vertical, deviated and vertical-horizontal wells in difficult mining and geological and hydrogeological conditions.

EFFECT: increased reliability and productivity of a drilling-expanding unit (BRU) of a drill for drilling with simultaneous casing of wells for various purposes, its structural simplification.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known drill for drilling with simultaneous casing, including a drill string with a drill-expanding unit (BRU) with sliding cutters, a casing string with a shoe, a connecting unit of the upper ends of the drill and casing strings, a feature is that the BRU contains a spring-loaded movable plunger made with the possibility of deepening the sliding cutters during their descent and ascent into the slots, made in its middle part and oriented with veneer ki and groove, fixing the sliding incisors in the working position during their exit from the casing shoe due to its integral upper part and discharge of flushing fluid into the annulus through the drain holes when combining them with drain holes in the casing of the BRU, as well as a drill bit leading pilot wells, while the upper ends of the drill and casing are connected on threads with a swivel seal.

The inclusion of a spring-loaded plunger and a chisel in the design of the BRU allows to reduce the load on the sliding cutters, increase their service life and install the sliding cutters in the required position, based on the operating conditions.

An analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources containing information about analogues of the claimed technical solution, will allow us to establish that the applicant has not found an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed utility model. The definition of the selected analogues of the prototype as the closest in the set of essential features of the analogue allowed us to identify the set of essential features in relation to the perceived technical result of the distinctive features in the inventive device set forth in the formula. Therefore, the claimed utility model meets the condition of "novelty."

The inventive drill is illustrated by the drawing, where Fig. No. 1 shows the lower part of the drill: drill string with BRU, where the sliding cutters in position and the casing with the shoe.

The lower part of the drill consists of: the drill string (Pos. 1), the control gear body (Pos. 2) with a groove and holes (Pos. 21), a groove (Pos. 24), a spring-loaded movable plunger (Pos. 3) with a groove ( Pos. 19), slots (Pos. 17), saddle (Pos. 18), drain holes (Pos. 20); springs (Pos. 4) of the plunger; 4 sliding incisors (Pos. 5), tool axes (Pos. 6), pins (Pos. 7) in the amount of 2 pcs., Springs (Pos. 8) pins, screws (Pos. 9) pins; sub (Pos. 10) bits, chisels (Pos. 11); Ball valve (Pos. 12); a centralizer (key 13) of the drill string; casing string (Pos. 14); couplings (key 15), shoe (key 16), thrust washer (key 22) and guide key (key 23).

The proposed drill is as follows. Above the casing (Pos. 14) with a sleeve (Pos. 15) held on the rotor or pipe holder (not shown in the drawing), a drill-expanding unit (BRU) is suspended on the winch, press the nozzle onto the spring-loaded plunger (Pos. 3) and move it down. Structurally, the slots of the plunger (Pos. 17) are oriented with the help of a key (Pos. 23) and the groove (Pos. 24) with sliding cutters (Pos. 5) so that when pressed on the plunger, the slots (Pos. 17) are under the bases of the sliding the cutters (Pos. 5) so that they enter the casing (Pos. 14) together with the BRU, while the sliding cutters slide along the inner wall of the casing until they exit the shoe, after which the plunger spring is opened and its lower integral part is brought under the base incisors, due to which they are revealed and fixed in the working position ii. Then, the upper ends of the drill string (Pos. 1) and casing (Pos. 14) of the strings are connected on threads to the swivel seal, which allows the drill string to rotate relative to the casing. Next, flushing fluid is supplied through the drill string and the annulus formed by the casing and drill strings through a fitting located in the stuffing box swivel. The bit located at the end of the BRU drills the leading pilot well, and sliding cutters expand it to pass the casing, while flushing fluid along the annulus prevents the drilled particles of rock from entering the space between the drill and casing. The casing moves after the drill string. After deepening the columns into the well, they are being built up. To do this, their upper ends are disconnected from the stuffing box swivel, connected to stackable columns and again connected to the stuffing box swivel.

To replace the bit and sliding cutters, the drill string with BRU is removed from the casing string remaining in the well. For this, a ball (Pos. 12) is thrown into the drill string, which is delivered to the seat (Pos. 18) of the plunger by the flow of flushing fluid and it is moved (plunger) until the pins (Pos. 7) fix it by the groove (Pos. . 19), and its slots (Pos. 17) will not appear under the bases of the sliding cutters (Pos. 5) to fix them in the working position. At this time, the drain holes (Pos. 20) of the plunger are installed opposite the groove with the holes (Pos. 21) of the BRU housing and the flushing fluid is sharply discharged through them into the annulus, and its pressure in the main discharge line drops, which is a signal for raising the drill string with BRU and centralizer to the surface. During the lifting of the drill string with the BRU, the sliding cutters abut against the shoe (Pos. 16) and, under its influence, penetrate into the slots (Pos. 17) of the plunger, and the flushing fluid is drained from the drill string through the drain holes (Pos. 20) of the plunger and holes with a groove (Pos. 21) of the cabinet. On the surface, the BRU is disconnected from the drill string, the ball is removed from the seat of the plunger and the plunger is unlocked. After replacing the bit and sliding cutters to continue drilling, the BRU is again lowered into the casing (described above).

Claims (1)

A drill for simultaneous casing drilling, including a drill string, a drill-expanding unit (BRU) with sliding cutters, a casing with a shoe, a connecting unit for the upper ends of the drill and casing, characterized in that the BRU contains a spring-loaded movable plunger made with the possibility of deepening of the sliding incisors during their descent and ascent into the slots, made in its middle part and oriented with them using a key and a groove, fixing the sliding incisors in the working position during their exit from the baskets casing string poppy due to its integral upper part and flushing fluid discharge into the annulus through the drain holes when combining them with drain holes in the BRU case, as well as a bit for drilling the leading pilot well, while the upper ends of the drill and casing are connected to threads with swivel gland.

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