RU2302526C1 - Apparatus for hydraulic surface-borehole mineral mining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic mineral mining, particularly downhole apparatus for hydraulic surface borehole mineral mining and for solid minerals removal from underground formations through boreholes.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic surface-borehole mining apparatus comprises concentrically arranged outer pipe string, telescopic liner and central pulp discharge pipe string. Lower end of outer pipe string is provided with thrust ring. Upper part of telescopic liner has sealing collars and comprises pulp receiving windows and division chamber with orifices. The orifices are communicated with receiving chamber of hydraulic elevator and borehole bottom zone. Working liquid supply channels and flushing orifices are made in liner. Hydraulic monitor assembly is arranged in the liner. The hydraulic monitor is provided with nozzles, which washout rock from side part thereof. Hydraulic elevator having hydraulic elevation head, receiving chamber, mixer and diffuser is also installed in the liner. Diffuser of hydraulic elevator is linked with central pulp discharge pipe string. Adjustment pipe is connected to telescopic liner end by means of bayonet joint. The adjustment pipe is provided with sealing collar arranged in upper part thereof, with flushing windows formed in pipe center and with flushing orifice made in lower part thereof. The adjustment pipe has drill bit.

EFFECT: increased efficiency due to improved technological operations of borehole drilling and productive reservoir cutting.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic mining, in particular to the design of shells for downhole hydraulic mining (SRS) of solid minerals, and may find application for the extraction of solid materials from underground formations through wells.

To date, a significant number of different designs of shells for SRS of solid minerals have been developed (see, for example, AS USSR No. 374453, 602685, 662717, 739240, 762339, 819345, 825966, 899967, 964150, 1002585, 1065601, 1113549 , 1265341, 1427071, 1461947, 1489139, 1553686, 1608346, 1620631, 1700249, etc.).

Despite the significant differences in the designs of the shells according to the above-mentioned A.S., all of them include the following main units: a column of falling pipes, a hydraulic monitor, pulp-giving hydraulic elevator and pulp-dispensing column. The variety of designs of the shells is explained by various in the structural implementation of the aforementioned basic units, as well as the inclusion of new units and structural elements in the composition of the shells. These technical improvements are aimed at accelerating the process of erosion of the mineral layer, increasing the efficiency of the removal of pulp from the extraction chamber, increasing the depth of development of the mineral deposit, the formation of the extraction chamber with the required size and shape, etc., etc. Ultimately, all this leads to an increase in the technical and economic indicators of SRS of minerals.

At the same time, many designs of shells for SRS have significant drawbacks, which is the reason for their continuous improvement. In this case, the geological and geological conditions of the occurrence of the mineral layer, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of the mineral and the host rocks, which also significantly affects the design of shells for SRS, should be taken into account.

Analysis of the existing designs of shells for SRS showed that, by technical nature, the closest analogue of the proposed invention is "Device for extracting material from underground formations through wells" according to A.S. No. 1113549 (IPC E21C 45/00, B.I. No. 34 - 1984). This device is taken as a prototype of the claimed invention.

The device according to A.S. No. 1113549 includes an external pipe string connected to a source of pressurized water with pulp-receiving windows, a hydraulic monitor with a nozzle, a pulp delivery elevator and a central pulp delivery pipe string. The external pipe string is made with longitudinal slit-like openings and is equipped with a telescopic shank which is mounted for rotation relative to the external pipe and is rigidly connected to a central pulp delivery pipe mounted movably relative to the external pipe. In this case, the longitudinal slit-shaped holes are located in the interval of the vertical stroke of the hydraulic monitor.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of SRS.

The task was set: to increase the effectiveness of SRS due to the improvement of technological operations for well sinking and development of a productive formation.

The problem is solved as follows. In accordance with the prototype, a projectile for SRS of minerals includes a concentrically mounted external pipe string, a telescopic shank and a central pulp delivery pipe string. The lower end of the outer column is provided with a thrust ring. The telescopic shank in the upper part is equipped with stuffing box seals and has slurry-receiving windows and a separation chamber with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole section of the well. At the same time, in the liner there are channels for supplying working fluid, a flushing hole, and a hydromonitor device with nozzles for lateral erosion of the rock and a hydro-elevator device consisting of a hydro-elevator nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixer and a diffuser articulated with a central pulp delivery pipe string are placed.

According to the invention, at the end of the telescopic shank, a control pipe is fixed by means of a bayonet, equipped with a gland seal in the upper part, having longitudinal windows in the middle and a washing hole in the lower part, while the control pipe is equipped with a drill bit.

Further, the invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict the design and operation schemes of the projectile for performing various technological operations during SRS:

figure 1 and 2 - design of the projectile;

figure 3 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile while drilling a well;

figure 4 - scheme of the projectile during the development of the reservoir without lateral erosion of the rock;

figure 5 - diagram of the operation of the projectile when landing an external pipe string;

Fig.6 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile during the development of the reservoir with a lateral erosion of the rock;

The proposed projectile consists of the following main elements (figure 1, 2):

1) the outer pipe string 7, the lower end of which is provided with a thrust ring 2.

2) the central pulp discharge pipe string 3;

3) a telescopic shank 4 with stuffing box seals, rigidly connected to the central pulp-dispensing column, which contains:

- hydraulic monitor device with nozzles 5;

- slurry receiving windows 6;

- hydro-elevator device, consisting of a hydro-elevator nozzle 7, a receiving chamber 8, a mixer 9 and a diffuser 10;

- flushing hole 11;

- a separation chamber 12 with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole section of the well;

- channels for supplying a working fluid 13;

4) control pipe 14, which can be in two positions:

a) mounted on the end of the telescopic shank 4 by means of a bayonet 15, 16 (figure 1);

b) not fixed at the end of the telescopic shank 4 by means of a bayonet and having the possibility of axial movement (figure 2).

The control pipe is equipped in the upper part with an oil seal 17, has longitudinal windows 18 in the middle part and a washing hole 19 in the lower part.

5) a drill bit 20 rigidly connected to the control pipe 14.

This projectile can work in two modes.

In the first mode, autonomous operation of the hydraulic elevator device is ensured. The control pipe 14 is fixed to the end of the telescopic shank 4 by means of a bayonet 15, 16 (Fig. 1). In this case, the hydraulic nozzle 5 is closed by an oil seal 17. The external fluid pipe 1 is supplied with a working fluid to the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom of the well through channels 13, flushing holes 11, 19 and a separation chamber 12.

In this mode, it is possible to carry out two technological operations:

1. Drilling a well 21 for the free running length of the telescopic shank 4, limited by the lower stuffing box seal (figure 3). In this case, the central pulp delivery column 3 rotates, which transmits the rotation to the telescopic shank rigidly connected to it 4. The telescopic shank 4, in turn, transmits the rotation to the regulating pipe 14 by means of a bayonet 15, 16. Then, the regulating pipe transmits the rotation of the drill bit 20, thereby rock destruction at the bottom of the well. The destroyed rock is transported to the slurry-receiving windows 6 by means of an upward flow of liquid. Further, due to the ejection created by the liquid stream formed in the hydraulic elevator nozzle 7, the destroyed rock enters the receiving chamber 8 and through the mixer 9 and diffuser 10 to the surface through the central pulp delivery column 3.

2. The development of the productive formation 21 without lateral erosion of the rock (figure 4). This can be done, for example, in mining, prone to quick formation; in case of a two-well production scheme, when one well works to erode the productive formation, and the other works to lift the pulp to the surface (in this mode, the proposed projectile in this mode can work to lift the pulp). In this case, the destroyed rock in the form of pulp enters the surface in the same way as when drilling a well (the movement of the hydraulic mixture from the diffuse pillar to the slurry reception windows is shown by arrow A in Fig. 4).

In the second mode, the operation of both hydro-elevator and hydro-monitor devices is ensured. The control pipe 14 is not fixed to the end of the telescopic shank 4 by means of a bayonet (Fig.2). At the same time, the hydraulic nozzles 5 are open and lateral erosion of the rock occurs through them when the working fluid is supplied through the outer pipe string 1.

In this mode, it is possible to carry out two technological operations:

1. Landing of the outer pipe string 1 (performs the function of a casing string) by expanding the wall of the well 21 after drilling to the free stroke of the telescopic shank 4 (Fig. 5).

2. The development of the reservoir 23 with the formation of the excavation chamber 22 (Fig.6).

When performing these technological operations, the erosion of the rock is carried out by hydro-liquid jets of liquid, which are shown by arrow B in FIGS. 5, 6.

In the second mode, the destroyed rock in the form of pulp enters the surface in the same way as in the first mode.

Technical result: increasing the efficiency of the SRS due to the improvement of technological operations for drilling a well and developing a productive formation.

Claims (1)

A projectile for downhole hydraulic mining of solid minerals, which includes a concentrically mounted outer pipe string, a telescopic shank and a central pulp delivery pipe string, the lower end of the outer pipe string being provided with a stop ring, the telescopic shank is equipped with stuffing box seals in the upper part and has pulp receiving windows and a separation chamber with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole section of the well, and in the telescopic shank channels for supplying working fluid, a flushing hole were made, and a hydromonitor device with nozzles for lateral erosion of the rock and a hydro-elevator device consisting of a hydro-elevator nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixer and a diffuser articulated with a central pulp-dispensing pipe string, characterized in that at the end of the telescopic shank by means of a bayonet, a control pipe is fixed, provided with a gland seal in the upper part, having longitudinal windows in the middle part and in the lower part a flushing hole, while the control pipe is equipped with a drill bit.

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