RU2301337C1 - Device for well hydro-extraction of solid mineral resources - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: device for well hydro-extraction of mineral resources includes concentrically mounted external pipes column, telescopic tail and central slurry outlet pipes column. Lower end of external column is provided with stopping ring. Telescopic tail in upper part is provided with compression glands and with rock-destroying tool in lower part. Telescopic tail has slurry-receiving windows and separating chamber with apertures for communication with receiving chamber of hydro-elevator device and face-adjacent well section. Telescopic tail includes channels for feeding working liquid and washing aperture. Inside telescopic tail, hydro-monitoring device with attachments for side washing of rock and hydro-elevator device, consisting of hydro-elevation attachment, receiving chamber, mixer and diffuser, connected to central slurry outlet pipes column, are positioned. Between telescopic tail and central slurry outlet pipes column, a hydro-elevator pipes column is concentrically mounted, lower end of which is rigidly held on telescopic tail and connected to its channels for feeding drilling mud. Lower end of tail is equipped with drilling bit.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of well hydro-extraction due to improvement of well-driving and bed-extracting technological operations.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic mining, in particular to the design of shells for downhole hydraulic mining (SRS) of solid minerals, and may find application for the extraction of solid materials from underground formations through wells.

To date, a significant number of different designs of shells for SRS of solid minerals have been developed (see, for example, AS USSR No. 374453, 602685, 662717, 739240, 762339, 819345, 825966, 899967, 964150, 1002585, 1065601, 1113549 , 1265341, 1427071, 1461947, 1489139, 1553686, 1608346, 1620631, 1700249, etc.).

Despite the significant differences in the design of the shells according to the above author’s evidence, all of them include the following main components: a column of water supply pipes, a hydraulic monitor, pulp delivery elevator and pulp delivery column. The variety of designs of the shells is explained by various in the structural implementation of the aforementioned basic units, as well as the inclusion of new units and structural elements in the composition of the shells. These technical improvements are aimed at accelerating the process of erosion of the mineral layer, increasing the efficiency of the removal of pulp from the extraction chamber, increasing the depth of development of the mineral deposit, the formation of the extraction chamber with the required size and shape, etc., etc. Ultimately, all this leads to an increase in the technical and economic indicators of SRS of minerals.

At the same time, many designs of shells for SRS have significant drawbacks, which is the reason for their continuous improvement. In this case, the geological and geological conditions of the occurrence of the mineral layer, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of the mineral and the host rocks, which also significantly affects the design of shells for SRS, should be taken into account.

Analysis of the existing designs of shells for SRS showed that, by technical nature, the closest analogue of the proposed invention is "Device for extracting material from underground formations through wells" according to A.S. No. 1113549 (IPC E 21 C 45/00, B.I. No. 34 - 1984). This device is taken as a prototype of the claimed invention.

The device according to A.S. No. 1113549 includes an external pipe string connected to a source of pressure water with pulp-receiving windows, a hydraulic monitor with a nozzle, a pulp-dispensing hydraulic elevator and a central pulp-dispensing pipe string. The external pipe string is made with longitudinal slit-like openings and is equipped with a telescopic shank which is mounted for rotation relative to the external pipe and is rigidly connected to a central pulp delivery pipe mounted movably relative to the external pipe. In this case, the longitudinal slit-shaped holes are located in the interval of the vertical stroke of the hydraulic monitor.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of SRS.

The task was set: to increase the effectiveness of SRS due to the improvement of technological operations for well sinking and development of a productive formation.

The problem is solved as follows. In accordance with the prototype, a projectile for SRS of minerals includes a concentrically mounted external pipe string, a telescopic shank and a central pulp delivery pipe string. The lower end of the outer column is provided with a thrust ring. The telescopic shank in the upper part is equipped with stuffing box seals, and in the lower part - with a rock cutting tool. The telescopic shank has slurry receiving windows and a separation chamber with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole section of the well. At the same time, in the telescopic shank there are channels for supplying working fluid, a flushing hole, and a hydro-monitor device with nozzles for lateral erosion of the rock and a hydro-elevator device consisting of a hydro-elevator nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixer and a diffuser articulated with a central pulp-delivery pipe string are placed.

According to the invention, between the telescopic shank and the central pulp delivery pipe string, a hydro-elevator pipe string is concentrically mounted, the lower end of which is rigidly fixed in the telescopic shaft and communicated with its channels for supplying working fluid, while the lower end of the shank is equipped with a drill bit.

Further, the invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict the design and operation schemes of the projectile for performing various technological operations during SRS:

- figure 1 - design of the projectile;

- figure 2 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile while drilling the well;

- figure 3 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile during the development of the reservoir without lateral erosion of the rock;

- figure 4 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile when landing an external pipe string;

- figure 5 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile while drilling a well with simultaneous casing;

- Fig.6 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile during the development of the reservoir with lateral erosion of the rock;

- Fig.7 is a diagram of the operation of the projectile with lateral erosion of the rock.

The proposed projectile consists of the following basic elements (figure 1):

1) the outer pipe string 1, the lower end of which is provided with a thrust ring 2.

2) the central pulp discharge pipe string 3;

3) a hydraulic elevator pipe string 4, the lower end of which is rigidly fixed in a telescopic shank.

4) the telescopic shank contains:

- stuffing box seals 5;

- hydraulic monitor device with nozzles 6;

- slurry receiving windows 7;

- hydro-elevator device, consisting of a hydro-elevator nozzle 8, a receiving chamber 9, a mixer 10 and a diffuser 11;

- flushing hole 12;

- a separation chamber 13 with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole section of the well;

- channels for supplying a working fluid 14;

5) a drill bit 15, rigidly connected to the shank.

This projectile can work in three modes.

In the first mode, autonomous operation of the hydraulic elevator device is ensured. When this working fluid is supplied through an external pipe string 4 to the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole through the channels 14, the separation chamber 13 and the flushing hole 12 (Fig.2, 3).

In this mode, it is possible to carry out two technological operations:

1. Drilling of a well 16 for the length of free running of a telescopic shank limited by a lower stuffing box seal (Fig. 2). In this case, the hydraulic elevator pipe string 4 rotates, which transmits the rotation to the telescopic shank rigidly connected to it. The telescopic shank, in turn, transmits rotation to the drill bit 15, thereby destroying the rock at the bottom of the well. The destroyed rock is transported to the slurry receiving windows 7 by means of an upward flow of liquid. Further, due to the ejection created by the liquid stream formed in the hydraulic elevator nozzle 8, the destroyed rock enters the receiving chamber 9 and through the mixer 10 and diffuser 11 to the surface through the central pulp delivery pipe string 3.

2. The development of the reservoir 16 without lateral erosion of the rock (figure 3). This can be done, for example, in mining, prone to quick formation; in case of a two-well production scheme - when one well works for erosion of rocks and the other for lifting to the surface of the pulp (with this production scheme in this mode, the proposed projectile can work to lift the pulp). In this case, the destroyed rock in the form of pulp enters the surface in the same way as when drilling a well (the movement of the hydraulic mixture from the diffuse pillar to the slurry reception windows is shown by arrow A in Fig. 3).

In the second mode, the operation of both hydro-elevator and hydro-monitor devices is ensured. In this case, the working fluid flows in two directions (Figs. 4, 5, 6):

a) along the hydraulic elevator pipe string 4 to the hydraulic elevator device and the bottom hole through the channels 14, the separation chamber 13 and the flushing hole 12;

b) along the outer pipe string 1 to the hydraulic monitor device 6; when this occurs, the side erosion of the rock by hydro-monitor jets, which are shown by arrow B in Figs. 4, 5, 6.

In this mode, it is possible to carry out three technological operations:

1. Landing of the outer pipe string 1 (performs the function of a casing string) by expanding the borehole wall 16 after drilling to the telescopic shank freewheel length limited by the lower stuffing box seal 5 (Fig. 4).

2. Drilling a well 16 with simultaneous casing during sinking in unstable rocks (Fig. 5).

3. The development of the reservoir with the formation of the excavation chamber 17 (Fig.6).

In the second mode, the destroyed rock in the form of pulp enters the surface in the same way as in the first mode.

In the third mode, autonomous operation of the hydromonitor device is provided. In this case, the working fluid flows only through the outer pipe string 1 to nozzles 6 (Fig. 7). Therefore, lateral erosion of the rock occurs with hydro-monitor fluid jets (hydro-monitor jets are shown by arrow B in Fig. 7).

This mode can be used with a two-well production scheme - when one well works for erosion of rocks and the other for lifting to the surface of the pulp (with this production scheme in this mode, the proposed projectile can work for lateral erosion of rocks).

Technical result: increasing the efficiency of the SRS due to the improvement of technological operations for drilling a well and developing a productive formation.

Claims (1)

A projectile for downhole hydraulic mining of solid minerals, which includes a concentrically mounted outer pipe string, a telescopic shank and a central pulp delivery pipe string, the lower end of the external pipe string being provided with a thrust ring, a telescopic shank equipped with stuffing box seals in the upper part and rock-cutting seals in the lower part instrument, has pulp-receiving windows and a separation chamber with holes for communication with the receiving chamber of the hydraulic elevator device and bottomhole part of the well, and in the telescopic shank there are channels for supplying working fluid, a flushing hole, and a hydraulic monitor for lateral erosion of the rock and a hydraulic elevator device consisting of a hydraulic elevator nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixer and a diffuser articulated with a central pulp-delivery pipe string are arranged, characterized in that between the telescopic shank and the central pulp delivery pipe string, a hydro-elevator pipe string is concentrically installed, the lower end to The hole is rigidly fixed in the telescopic shank and communicated with its channels for supplying the working fluid, while the lower end of the telescopic shank is equipped with a drill bit.

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