RU166094U1 - WORKING BODY FOR SCREEN SEEDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The working body for spreading grain sowing along the stubble with a seeder-cultivator with a standard lancet paw and a stand, characterized in that the stand has a vertical seven-conductor mounted on it with a clamp, the leg is closed on top with a spherical casing in which there are openings for the seven-conductor and racks, and the casing is welded to the stand and the vertical seven-conductor pipe, a bottom is installed at the bottom of the paw, tilted back to an angle of 5 ... 22 °, which forms a closed cavity with a spherical upper casing for distribution ELENITE razrovnennuyu grains on the bottom and compacted paw soil for sowing seed to the same depth.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to sowing machines for scattering sowing of seeds of grain crops without plowing stubble.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the width of the spread of grain seeds during sowing without preliminary soil preparation. At the same time, pre-sowing cultivation and sowing are combined in one working process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a spherical casing is welded on top of the cultivator lancet paw, and a bottom with an angle of inclination on the rear side is welded on top to increase the sowing width, increase the uniformity of the distribution of seeds coming to the bottom from the seven-duct, vertically attached to the stand with a clamp and brewed into the through hole of the upper casing. In this case, sowing is carried out on a level and compacted soil surface.

The coulters of commercially available seeders-cultivators for the most part do not meet agricultural requirements, they are very complex and expensive to manufacture. With this in mind, we, in the workshop of Batyrevskaya Selkhoztekhnika OJSC, made a working body for spreading stubble sowing without preliminary tillage.

In the process of searching for information on patent and scientific and technological sources, no technological solution was found that coincided with the proposed set of essential features and ensuring the achievement of the specified technical result.

Known openers for similar work, for example, ed. testimonial. USSR No. 1217280 and 1451295, but these devices have common disadvantages: unsatisfactory uniform distribution of seeds across the opener, wide traction resistance, difficulty in manufacturing and high cost of the unit.

Known working body SU No. 1766303 AI from 10/07/1992, but its drawback is the small sowing width. Also reviewed author. testimonial. USSR 980648 dated 12/15/1982, patent No. 2164364, 2156559, coulter unit AUP-18, but they are complex and expensive to manufacture.

The seeder coulter closest in design is RF patent No. 2219696, but the drawback of this coulter is soil sticking due to the formation of a soil compaction core on the toe of the cultivating paw, the absence of a seed pocket for better grain distribution along the working width. Due to the absence of an upper casing and a lower bottom, the earth moving through the paw will interfere with the distribution of seeds along the width of the paw.

The working body made by us for the spread sowing of grain along the stubble is shown in FIG. one; 2; 3 and consists of a lancet paw 1, FIG. 1, attached to the rack by 2 countersunk head bolts 4. Both parts are standard from the KFG-3.6 cultivator. On the rear side of the rack with the help of a clamp 3 and welding, a vertical seven-conductor 5 with a diameter of 32 mm is attached. A polyvinyl chloride smooth tube 8 with an outer diameter of 32 mm is put on top of it, through which seeds come from the seed box of the seeder. On the upper part of the paw, a spherical casing 6 is welded with two holes for the seven-conduit 5 and the stand 2, shown in FIG. 2, 3. The casing is made by a forge method with a convex radius of 200 mm so as to form a closed cavity under it for scattering of seeds falling through the seed duct 5 onto the bottom 7 of the cultivator leg 1 tilted back from 5 to 22 °, which is fixed under the paw of a triangular shape by welding, shown in FIG. 3.

During operation, the working body for dispersed grain sowing along the stubble with an acute angle shifts the soil up and to the side, forming a furrow with loose uneven walls and surface, and the bottom of the paw 7, welded onto it at an angle of 5 ... 22 °, compacts and evens the ground shifted by the paw . Seeds falling on the bottom from the seed tube 5, jump onto the casing 6, then, bouncing off it, fall on the bottom 7, already on another expanded point due to the convexity of the upper casing 6 under a radius of 200 mm., And some of the seeds immediately fall on the already aligned and compacted soil. Seeds that have fallen on the bottom 7, roll up and fall on the soil due to the location of this bottom with a slope in the back side.

Since a network of capillaries is necessary to attract moisture to the seeds, for this it is necessary to compact the bottom of the furrow. The standard cultivating paw cannot do this, and the bottom 7 also performs this function. After welding the spherical casing 6 to the upper part of the paw 1, and the bottom 7 to the lower part, a closed cavity is formed there for dispersing the seeds and applying it to the compacted soil with a gap of 32 mm between the upper casing 6 and the lower bottom 7. During the operation of such an aggregate, the soil does not fall into this space, there is free dispersion of seeds to the width of the back of the bottom 22-24 cm, sowing them to the same depth, in view of the leveling of the soil and closing of these scattered seeds with soil raised by a pointed paw 1. Upper the soil layer, moving along the paw 1, then along the casing 6, falls to the bottom of the furrow, closing the introduced seeds. In addition, to close the remaining unclosed seeds after the seeder, needle rollers or a beam from the channel can be attached, fixed using the chain shown in photo 1. Such a working body can be sown in any moist soil, because the soil does not fall into the cavity of the dispersion of seeds and the working body is not clogged with moist earth.

Such a working body can work as a cultivator without sowing grain or as a sowing unit with simultaneous cultivation and sowing of grain with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers. The proposed unit can be manufactured on any collective farm by upgrading the frame of the BDT-3 disc harrow by installing a seed hopper on it from a discarded seeder C3-3.6. Such an aggregate is aggregated by the MTZ-82.1 tractor. Shown in photo 1.

Advantages when sowing with such an aggregate:

a) 2-3 days earlier than with ordinary sowing, germinating shoots appear due to the uniform distribution of seeds with the same area of nutrition and lighting, and due to sowing on level and compacted soil.

b) Ripening of bread occurs evenly, and earlier for 3-4 days than with ordinary sowing

c) Fuel consumption is reduced from 10 to 20 kg per 1 ha of sowing

d) Saving of working time per hectare of sowing by 15-40%

e) Decrease in the seeding rate from 5-6 million grains per hectare to 3.0-3.5 million grains per hectare

f) Reducing the cost of grain produced by 30-40%)

g) Increase in grain productivity to 5-10 kg / ha and above

h) The cost of upgrading the cultivator in the sowing unit pays off by sowing 100 hectares of grain or after 3-4 days of operation of the sowing unit.

Figures 1 and 2 show a sowing unit with such working bodies for scattered grain sowing on stubble, which were manufactured at Batyrevskaya Selkhoztehnika OJSC of the Chuvash Republic, tested on collective farm fields and received positive feedback. They are very simple and cheap to make from used agricultural machines. Then the collective farms themselves mastered the manufacturing technology of such sowing units.

Claims (1)

The working body for spreading grain sowing along the stubble with a seeder-cultivator with a standard lancet paw and a stand, characterized in that the stand has a vertical seven-conductor mounted on it with a clamp, the leg is closed on top with a spherical casing in which there are openings for the seven-conductor and racks, and the casing is welded to the stand and the vertical seven-conductor pipe, a bottom is installed at the bottom of the paw, tilted back to an angle of 5 ... 22 °, which forms a closed cavity with a spherical upper casing for distribution ELENITE razrovnennuyu grains on the bottom and compacted paw soil for sowing seed to the same depth.

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