RU164697U1 - CONTACT INSERT FOR TROLLEYBUS SURFACE ACCESSORIES - Google Patents

Abstract

Contact insert for the trolleybus current collector, including a plate with a base and a working surface made in the form of a chute with sides, mating with symmetrical ends located at an angle to the horizontal, made by pressing according to the method of carbon-based powder-firing technology, characterized in that the design is made with the following ratios of geometric dimensions: the width of the base plate B = 28 ÷ 29 mm; gutter depth h = 4 ÷ 5 mm; insert sole length L = 87 mm; wall thickness of the gutter S = 6.7 ÷ 6.8 mm; current collector insert height H = 17 ÷ 21 mm; the radius of the gutter R = 7 ÷ 8 mm; the angle of inclination of the end part to the vertical α = 25 ÷ 35 °.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for sliding current collection and can be used for urban electric transport (insert trolley buses) and in other machines with similar current collection conditions.

Current collector contact inserts are used to remove current from the contact wire when the trolley bus moves. The use of this or that type of inserts is determined by the technical characteristics: low electrical resistance with high wear resistance, mechanical strength, high electrical conductivity, lack of sparking in contact with the wire of trolleybus lines, as well as their cost.

Known contact insert described in A.S. USSR No. 465352. This insert has a flat working surface with spherical end parts located at an angle of (30 ÷ 60) ° to the horizontal plane. The disadvantage of this design is that, along with a decrease in dynamic loads in the vertical plane, it experiences high dynamic loads on the end part in horizontal topology during operation, and it also has a weakened side edge of the insert, which reduces its operational stability due to intensive wear of the side faces. In this case, due to the difficulty of entering into special parts of the contact network, frequent arcing occurs when passing through the latter.

Also known collector insert described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2201876. The insert has the form of a plate with a working surface in the form of a gutter with symmetrical end edges located at an angle to the horizontal of 30–60 °, having a saddle shape, and directed outward at an angle of 10–30 °.

The disadvantage of this design is the small working surface leading to an increase in current loads, which leads to overheating of the material and rapid destruction of the insert.

A patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 39541 is known, according to which the contact insert of the trolleybus current collector is a plate with a base and a working surface having a width less than the width of the base and made in the form of a groove with sides, diametrically conjugated with symmetrical end parts located at an angle, in particular, 45 ° to the horizontal, while the end parts are made with protrusions beyond the dimensions of the insert, having a width equal to 0.8 ÷ 1.2 of the width of the working surface and a length equal to 0.2 ÷ 1.0 of the width of the protrusion.

The disadvantages of this design of the collector insert include a shallow groove that does not completely cover the contact wire, which leads to the exit of the contact wire from the launder and the abrasion of the “cheeks” of the collector head of the trolley bus. The indicated dimensions of the collector insert and a wide range of their dispersion exclude the possibility of using some of them in existing structures. The proposed profile and overall dimensions do not correspond to the size of the protrusions in the "cheeks" of the standard trolley bus collector heads, which can lead to skewing of the insert during installation and its rapid wear during operation.

The closest in technical essence is the patent for utility model No. 1300262, according to which the contact head of the current collector of the trolleybus contains a contact insert having a radius mating with the shoe, made in radius. The shoe and contact insert are installed in the cheeks. The lateral surfaces of the insert are in contact with the cheeks, respectively, on the vertical and horizontal surfaces. Such a design allows to increase the electrical conductivity of the head, however, this increase is not significant, since the area of the contacting spherical surfaces and flat differ slightly in this type of product, and labor costs for manufacturing increase. Also a significant disadvantage of this head is the low strength of the contact insert when passing the head along the joints of the wires, which significantly reduces its operational stability.

The technical task of this utility model is to create a design of a wear-resistant geometric shape of the contact insert for the trolley bus collector, which allows to improve operational characteristics: to increase strength, its abrasion, to exclude the wire from moving to the cheek of the collector head, providing the contact wire with stable sliding on the surface of the collector insert without losing contact and reliable holding the contact wire in the groove, thereby increasing the operational stability of the product.

The stated technical problem is solved with the help of the proposed design of the contact insert for the trolley bus current collector, including a plate with a base and a working surface, made in the form of a chute conjugated with symmetrical ends located at an angle to the horizontal, made by pressing according to the method of carbon-based powder-firing technology. The design was performed with the following geometric dimensions: the width of the base plate B = 28.0 ÷ 29 mm; gutter depth h = 4 ÷ 5 mm; insert sole length L = 87 mm; wall thickness of the gutter S = 6.7 ÷ 6.8 mm; current collector insert height H = 17 ÷ 21 mm; the radius of the groove R = 7 ÷ 8 mm; the angle of inclination of the end part to the vertical α = 25 ÷ 35 °.

The proposed design allows to increase operational characteristics due to the geometric shape of the insert. The specified configuration of the insert, as well as the presence of metal additives and components that increase the hydrophobicity of the composition, provide improved performance of the insert when operating in conditions of low temperatures and precipitation, as well as in the presence of significant wear of the contact network. This design is characterized by an increased depth of the gutter (4 ÷ 5 mm), which allows the contact wire to steadily slide on the surface of the collector insert without losing contact and to reliably hold it in the groove, eliminating the movement of the wire to the cheek of the collector head, its abrasion and failure.

Also a distinctive feature of the proposed design is the absence of sides and an increased wall height (17 ÷ 21 mm), and accordingly the working height of the insert (from 4 ÷ 8 mm), which helps to increase the service life of the trolleybus insert of this design.

At the same time, the wall thickness, thanks to the proposed solution, increased from 2.5 mm to 6.75 mm, which makes it possible to operate this type of insert even in unregulated current collector heads of trolley buses and on very worn contact networks in which diagonal abrasion of the current collector surface occurs due to misalignment of the head and improperly adjusted pantograph load to the contact wire.

The input part of the insert is made in the form of a “saddle” with symmetrical end edges inclined 25 ÷ 35 to the side faces, which allows the worn-out special parts of the contact network to smoothly enter without elastic deformation for the material and to avoid premature failure due to insert cracking, and also prevent further wear of the speed arrows.

The proposed model allows to increase operational characteristics due to the features of the geometric shape of the insert, in particular wear resistance and electrical characteristics. This model allows you to increase the speed of passing intersections and high-speed arrows and to avoid the formation of an arc, which helps to reduce wear on the contact network and reduces energy losses.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where a current collector insert is shown (Fig. 1, a), and a sectional view of a general view of the head with a current collector insert located in it (Fig. 1, b), where C is the width of the base plate; h is the depth of the gutter; L is the length of the sole of the insert; S is the wall thickness of the gutter; H is the height of the slip ring; α is the angle of inclination of the end part to the vertical; R is the radius of the gutter.

Contact insert for the current collector of the trolley operates as follows. The insert is fixed in the current collector head of the trolley, which is connected with traction motors. In the process, the collector insert slides along the contact wire. Thanks to the in-depth gutter, the contact wire does not fall out of the gutter and the structure of the gutter itself and the current collector are not quickly destroyed, while the “cheeks” of the trolley bus collector’s head are preserved due to the stable operation of the contact wire inside the gutter.

The proposed insert can be made in accordance with the methods of powder-firing technology from various materials. The composition of the product does not use complex compositions and expensive materials. The prototypes were made by one of the most economically feasible methods - periodic pressing into a dull matrix during heating from carbon-graphite material using a modified synthetic and pitch binder followed by sintering (it is also possible to use the technologies of piercing pressing on pulsating presses and pressing in an extruder). The following components were used in the initial mass: graphite, coke, thermally expanded and oxidized graphite, and a modified binder based on synthetic resin and urotropin. The introduction of powders of one of the metals: iron, copper, aluminum, tin, zinc, bronze made it possible to improve the electrical characteristics of the insert. All components were mixed in the mixer to a homogeneous mass, followed by homogenization of the mixture by rolling and then pressed. After this product, if necessary, depending on the composition, was subjected to heat treatment.

The obtained inserts from carbon-graphite material have a high density of the order of 1.8 ÷ 1.9 g / cm ³ , which reduces the likelihood of mechanical fracture and elastic deformation with subsequent cracking in the center and at the edges, while they have a low electrical resistivity of 10 ÷ 20 μOhm / m, which allows to increase the efficiency of operation of the trolley bus by reducing the consumption of urban electricity, a reduced level of electromagnetic noise during movement, as well as the ability to increase the speed of movement when line motion or at the beginning of motion with a high loading (or congestion on the rise passengers).

However, at the same time, the weight of the carbon-graphite insert of the proposed geometric shape slightly increases compared to the manufactured analogues. This difference in weight leads to a slight increase in the cost of the insert due to additional costs for raw materials. However, taking into account the totality of the factors listed above, as well as the fact that the cost of repairing the contact wire, special parts and trolleybus collector heads is reduced, trolleybus downtimes are reduced and driver safety is improved by reducing emergency situations on the road, we can conclude the following: the proposed trolleybus design collector insert allows you to increase the service life, which makes its use economically more expedient and promising compared to peers, even despite for insignificant additional costs for raw materials.

A distinctive feature of the proposed model is the refinement of the cheeks of the collector head (Fig. 1, b). At the moment, cheeks produced by the Nevinnomyssk plant are widespread, involving the use of inserts with a wall height of up to 15 mm. It is proposed to increase the height of the groove equal to the height of the insert wall +2 mm by the technical clearance. The increased height reduces current loads by increasing the contact area, and this avoids overheating of the material, as well as arcing.

Conducted sea trials of the proposed trolleybus inserts showed that the operating time increased by 4 times, compared with previously used standard inserts with sides. The absence of arcing when passing intersections and worn out special parts, the absence of noise and metal knocks, as well as a decrease in wear of the contact wire and the cheek of the collector head, which provides a significant economic effect when using inserts of this type, are noted. The long service life, 4-5 days, or 1,500 km, saves drivers time on the track and saves their movement, moreover, possible breakdowns of the insert on the track are eliminated, because of which the driver has to leave the cab and install a new pair of inserts in difficult conditions especially in the winter.

Claims (1)

Contact insert for the trolleybus current collector, including a plate with a base and a working surface made in the form of a chute with sides, mating with symmetrical ends located at an angle to the horizontal, made by pressing according to the method of carbon-based powder-firing technology, characterized in that the design is made with the following ratios of geometric dimensions: the width of the base plate B = 28 ÷ 29 mm; gutter depth h = 4 ÷ 5 mm; insert sole length L = 87 mm; wall thickness of the gutter S = 6.7 ÷ 6.8 mm; current collector insert height H = 17 ÷ 21 mm; gutter radius R = 7 ÷ 8 mm; the angle of inclination of the end part to the vertical α = 25 ÷ 35 °.

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