RU164618U1 - AXIAL ROTOR THRESHING-SEPARATING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

An axial rotary threshing and separating device containing a rotor with loading, threshing, separating, unloading sections and rods mounted on it, on which threshing elements in the form of corrugated pests and separating elements in the form of blades are fixed, characterized in that the rods with threshing and separating elements mounted in longitudinal grooves made on the outer surface of the rotor along its axis, while the rods are mounted with the ability to additionally make reciprocating vibrations Nia along the rotor axis with a predetermined frequency and amplitude.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to axial rotary threshing and separating devices (ARMSU), mounted on combine harvesters.

Known ARMSU containing a rotor with rigidly mounted threshing and separating elements [1]. Such devices are a longitudinal rotor in a cylindrical stationary casing. The lower part of the casing is made in the form of sieves designed to separate the grains from the ear with threshing elements equipped with whips with flutes in the form of wedge-shaped plates and separating in the form of blades. Threshing of cereal plants occurs in the gap between the rotating rotor and the stationary casing.

A disadvantage of the known ARMSU is the insufficiently high quality of threshing grain plants of high humidity.

Closest to the proposed model is the ARMSU installed on Gleaner combine harvesters (USA) with a sequential flow of threshed plants [2]. The N6 model harvester is equipped with an ARMSU (prototype) containing a rotor with a diameter of 640 mm, a length of 2190 mm, six longitudinal rods mounted on the rotor and serving as attachment points for threshing scourges, separating blades and unloading elements. The rotor and rods are rotationally driven by one engine. The device consists of three sections: loading, threshing, separation and unloading, located inside a fixed casing with a smooth upper and trellised lower parts. Screw guides located at an angle of 11-33 ° on the upper inner surface of the casing provide a smooth movement of the flow of plants with threshing scourges and separation blades from the loading section to the unloading along spiral paths. Unloading of plants is carried out by six blades.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low intensity of the action of threshing and separating elements and, as a result, a low percentage of grain yield during harvesting in difficult weather conditions.

The problem the proposed device is aimed at solving is reducing the negative impact of difficult harvesting conditions on the process of threshing and grain separation. The technical result of the utility model is an increase in the efficiency of threshing and separation of grain plants of high humidity.

This result is achieved due to the fact that along the axis of the rotor on its outer surface there are longitudinal grooves in which rods are mounted, equipped with threshing and separating elements, while the rods along with the rotational movement of the rotor perform reciprocating vibrations along its axis of rotation, created by the spatial cam mechanism.

The rotation of the rotor and the rotation of the tubular body with a spatial cam fixed on it, reproducing the reciprocating vibrations of all the rods with a given frequency and amplitude, is ensured by the installed engines.

The inventive utility model is illustrated by drawings:

in FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the device;

in FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the device along section AA;

in FIG. 3 - the trajectory of the particles of plants. The proposed axial rotary threshing and separating device (Fig. 1) contains a loading section with a feeding impeller 1, a longitudinal rotor 2 with a horizontal shaft resting on the frame 3 through bearings 4 and 5. The loading section of the device is a cone 6 with a screw blade 7. Threshing a section with elements 8 in the form of corrugated pests, a separating section with elements 9 in the form of blades and an unloading section 10 are made in the form of a round pipe 11 with external longitudinal grooves. The pipe 11 is rigidly fixed to the rotor 2.

In FIG. 2 shows the cross-section of the grooves of the pipe 11. In the trapezoidal grooves, rods 12 are mounted that perform reciprocating motion along the axis of the rotor 2. On the rods 12, threshing 8 and separating 9 elements are rigidly fixed, as well as pushers 13 with a ball end, specifying the movement of these elements.

The fixed casing of the rotor 2 in the threshing and separating sections consists of a cylindrical upper part 14, inside which the screw guides 15 are fixed, and the lower part formed by the sieves 16. The rotor 2 is driven by the motor 17. The inner ring of the ball bearing 5 has an inner ring of ball bearing 18. On the outer ring of the ball bearing 18 is fitted with a tubular housing 19 on which a spatial end cam 20 with two working surfaces is mounted. The cam 20 is made in the form of a spatial frame of two parallel annular plates mounted on a tubular body 19 with an inclination to the axis of rotation of the rotor 2. The tubular body 19, the cam 20 and the gear 21 are axially fixed by the treadmill 22. The cam drive 20 together with the tubular the housing 19 is carried out by a second engine 23, the shaft of which drives a gear wheel 24, supported by a ball bearing 25 and engaged with the wheel 21. The latter rotates the tubular housing 19.

Axial rotary threshing and separating device operates as follows. The impeller 1 plants are sent to a loading cone-shaped section 6, where the screw blade 7 is transported to the threshing 8 and separating 9 sections. The latter form a gap between the pipe 11 and the sieve 16. The threshing elements 8, as a result of the shock action, separate the grains from the ears. Separated grains go to sieves 16, and the ears are captured by pests 8 and moved to the upper part of the casing 14, where they are transported along its screw guides 15. A similar movement of plants occurs in the separation section. The separating elements 9 provide intensive relative movement of grain on the surface of the sieve, which ensures high quality grain cleaning. Thus, the threshing 8 and separating 9 elements simultaneously performing a rotational movement together with the rotor 2 and the reciprocating oscillations together with the rods 12 along the axis of the rotor 2, provide the intensity of these elements.

The oscillation frequency of the rods 12 can be controlled by the speed of the cam 20, the drive of which is carried out by the engine 23 using a gear 24-21. The oscillation amplitude of the rods 12 can be set by changing the angle of inclination of the cam 20. The pushers 13, rigidly connected with the rods 12, are in contact with the cam 20 (more precisely, with the inner surfaces of the annular plates of the cam frame) with spherical tips included in the circular slot of the left plate. Then the stems of the plants fall into the unloading section 10, from where the blades are ejected from the casing.

In FIG. 3 dashed lines show the trajectory of the plant particles along the Oz axis of rotation of the rotor on the reamer of a cylindrical casing without longitudinal vibrations of the rods and solid lines with reciprocating vibrations. Oscillations of the rods can significantly increase the path and the number of interactions of plants with threshing and separating elements in the rotor casing. This increases the efficiency of threshing and separation of grain plants of high humidity.

Information sources

1. ToyTractorShow.com Salutes 25 years of Axial-Flow Combines / [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: URL: http://www.toytractorshow.com/ih_combine_history.htm (accessed 02.07.15).

2. Key Gleaner Models / [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: URL: http: //www.agconews.eom/admin/file/cms/2013/8/l1/Keu_Gleaner_Models.pdf (accessed 07.17.15).

Claims (1)

An axial rotary threshing and separating device containing a rotor with loading, threshing, separating, unloading sections and rods mounted on it, on which threshing elements in the form of corrugated pests and separating elements in the form of blades are fixed, characterized in that the rods with threshing and separating elements mounted in longitudinal grooves made on the outer surface of the rotor along its axis, while the rods are mounted with the ability to additionally make reciprocating vibrations Nia along the rotor axis with a predetermined frequency and amplitude.

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