RU155928U1 - ORGANIC FERTILIZER SEMI-TRAILER - Google Patents

Abstract

Semi-trailer spreader of organic fertilizers, including a frame, a body, a working body, brackets, balancers, hydraulic cylinders, wheels, hydraulic fittings, a control valve, a timer, characterized in that the brackets are mounted to both sides of the frame with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and to their the front parts of the hydraulic cylinder rods are pivotally fixed, and the hydraulic cylinder bodies are pivotally attached to the frame, while the lower parts of the brackets are articulated with balancers at the ends of which wheels are mounted, whereby the hydraulic cylinders are also installed at the rear ends of the balancers, their rods are pivotally connected to the rear parts of the brackets, in addition, all hydraulic cylinders are connected by hydraulic valves to a valve equipped with a timer

Description

Organic fertilizer spreader semi-trailer belongs to the agricultural machinery industry.

Known machine for applying solid organic fertilizers PRT-7A [Agricultural machinery. Add-on catalog. Part 1, parts I-II, edited by L.P. Kormanovsky, p. 56], consisting of a chassis, a body, a hydraulic drive, a spreading device, a conveyor, a transmission for driving a spreading device, a device for transporting feed, a hydroficated rear side, and a front side extension.

However, during its operation, organic fertilizers in the body move to its rear side, as a result of which the tractor at certain times is not loaded with power from the semi-trailer-spreader, but is unloaded, which leads to a deterioration in the traction and coupling characteristics of the tractor. This leads to slipping of the drive wheels of the tractor and deterioration of adhesion to the soil, increases fuel consumption, which reduces the efficiency of use of the unit.

A vehicle is known [SU 1572834 A1, 5 B60C 5/00, 06/23/1990] containing a tractor and a semitrailer supported by a biaxial balancer suspension. The hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted on the frame, and its rod is on the rear axle of the balancer suspension. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to a distributor located on the frame of the semi-trailer. The distributor is controlled by a limit switch, also mounted on the frame and mechanically interacting with the tracking sector mounted on the tractor. The front axle is rotatable.

However, this vehicle does not provide control of the loading force, but only allows to increase the durability and reliability of the balancer suspension of the semitrailer only when the tractor is rotated by a predetermined angle by raising the front axle.

Known spreader of organic fertilizers [RU 2278496 C2, A01C 15/00 (2006.01), B60G 5/02 (2006.01), B60G 21/05 (2006.01), 06/27/2006] consisting of a chassis made in the form of a biaxial balancer suspension, frame with a drawbar for communication with a tractor located on a specified body frame with a conveyor, grinding and spreading drums. The spreader is equipped with a hydraulic system, which includes a spring-loaded pressure sensor communicated by pipelines mounted on the side of the body, and power hydraulic cylinders, the upper ends of which are pivotally attached to the specified spreader frame, and the lower ends - to the rear ends of the biaxial balancer suspension, and connected to the tractor hydraulic system to provide control possibilities from the cab by changing the loading force acting on the tractor from the spreader, with the possibility of supporting the spreader, with the spool position the tractor’s hydraulic distributor “lifts” either to all wheels of a biaxial balancing trolley when the spring-loaded pressure sensor is in position “locked”, or to the wheels of the rear axle when the pressure sensor is “open”.

The disadvantage of this device is that the correction of the loading from the side of the spreader-semi-trailer to the tractor is provided once, which does not exclude the possibility of not only loading, but also unloading the tractor from the side of the semi-trailer-spreader during further emptying of the body.

The objective of the invention is the ability to control the variation of the loading force acting on the tractor from the side of the spreader semi-trailer, which allows to reduce tractor slipping and hourly fuel consumption.

This is achieved by the fact that the semi-trailer spreader includes a frame, a body, a working body, an arm, balancers, wheels, hydraulic cylinders. Brackets are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame. To the lower end of the brackets, balancers are pivotally fixed at the ends of which the wheels are mounted. The rear arm is displaced by two hydraulic cylinders, and the front wheels rise up as a result of the action of the hydraulic cylinders mounted on the rear ends of the balancers, the rods of which are pivotally connected to the rear parts of the arms.

The essence of the invention will be clear from the following description of the device and the presented drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a semi-trailer spreader of organic fertilizers (side view); in FIG. 2 - semi-trailer-spreader of organic fertilizers with brackets displaced back (side view); in FIG. 3 - semi-trailer-spreader of organic fertilizers with backward displaced brackets and front wheels raised upward (side view); figure 4 - diagram of changes in the loading force of the tractor towing device from the side of the spreader from the degree of emptying of the body, where 1, 2, 3 - curves characterizing respectively the basic version, when the brackets are shifted back and while the brackets are shifted and the front wheels are lifted up .

The organic fertilizer spreader semi-trailer (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1 on which the body 2 is mounted, working bodies 3, brackets 4 are mounted on both sides with the possibility of longitudinal movement on both sides of the frame, and the hydraulic cylinder rods are pivotally attached to their front parts 5, and the cases of hydraulic cylinders 5 are pivotally attached to the frame 1. To the lower part of the brackets are balancers 6, at the ends of which wheels 7 are mounted, and at the rear ends of the balancers 6 are installed hydraulic cylinders 8, their rods are pivotally connected with the rear parts of the brackets 4. The hydraulic cylinders 5 and 8 are connected by hydraulic fittings 9 to the tractor control valve 10, equipped with a timer 11.

The device operates as follows.

The total weight of the organic fertilizer spreader semi-trailer is distributed in two supports: on the wheels 7 and the tractor hitch, thereby increasing its coupling weight by P _D (see Fig. 4),

which reduces slipping propulsion.

During the working course of the organic fertilizer spreader semi-trailer, the unloading of the body 2 starts from the front of the body, as a result of which the center of mass of the spreader semi-trailer is shifted back and, as a result, the loading P _{D of the} tractor hitch is reduced (Fig. 4, curve 1), which inevitably leads to an increase in slippage. With the known lifting capacity Q of the spreader semi-trailer, its working width B _P , the set application dose d, and the operating speed ϑ _p , the time t for emptying the body 2 is determined.

,

,

where Q is the carrying capacity of the semi-trailer spreader, kg;

B _p - working width, m;

d is the dose of organic fertilizers, kg / m ² ;

ϑ _p - working speed, m / s.

At the estimated time (Fig. 4), by means of a timer t ₁ , the hydraulic distributor of the tractor 10 of the hydraulic armature 9, the hydraulic cylinders 5 are turned on, which leads to the displacement of the brackets 4 back (Fig. 2), as a result of which the initial load P _D on the tractor hitch is achieved. With a further decrease in organic fertilizers in the body, the tractor loading from the side of the spreader semi-trailer changes along the curve 2 segment (see Fig. 4). At time t ₂ , also by means of a timer 11, the control valve of the tractor 10 of the hydraulic armature 9, the hydraulic cylinders 8 are turned on, which leads to the raising of the front wheels (Fig. 3) and, as a result, to the initial load P _D on the tractor hitch. A subsequent decrease in organic fertilizers in the body leads to a decrease in the load, characterized by a segment of curve 3 (Fig. 4). Point O indicates the complete emptying of the spreader body.

Using a semi-trailer-spreader of organic fertilizers will help stabilize the loading of the tractor’s towing device, which will lead to a decrease in skidding of tractor movers and, as a result, a reduction in hourly and specific fuel consumption.

Claims (1)

Semi-trailer spreader of organic fertilizers, including a frame, a body, a working body, brackets, balancers, hydraulic cylinders, wheels, hydraulic valves, a hydraulic distributor, a timer, characterized in that the brackets are mounted to both sides of the frame with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and to them the front parts of the hydraulic cylinder rods are pivotally fixed, and the hydraulic cylinder bodies are pivotally attached to the frame, while the lower parts of the brackets are articulated with balancers at the ends of which wheels are mounted, whereby the hydraulic cylinders are also installed at the rear ends of the balancers, their rods are pivotally connected to the rear parts of the brackets, in addition, all hydraulic cylinders are connected by hydraulic valves to a valve equipped with a timer

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