RU148103U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING OIL-CONTAINING WATERS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for cleaning oil-containing water, including a housing in which a layer of contact mass of oil is placed to form an oil-water interface, water inlet and outlet pipes for purified water, oil and sediment, a coalescing chamber with a coalescing charge, made in the form of a cartridge, the upper end of which is located at the oil-water interface, and grids located above and below the oil-water interface, between which are hydrophilic granular particles, characterized in that the device’s body it has the shape of a horizontally located cylinder, in the upper part of which there are mounting covers, and the coalescing cartridges form two or more rows of two or more cartridges in each row, the device comprising a water trap and a funnel for collecting trapped oil connected to the oil discharge pipe, the ratio of the water filtration area in the oil layer to the water filtration area in coalescing cartridges is in the range from 3 to 5, and in the coalescing cartridges electrodes are placed in the form of rods of electropositive and electronegative materials forming electrochemical current sources in which electrodes of the same polarity form cylindrical surfaces arranged coaxially so that the polarity of the electrodes alternates. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electropositive electrodes are made of copper, the electronegative ones are made of aluminum, the diameter of the rod electrodes is 3-5 mm. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the coalescing load is made of polystyrene granules of a fraction of 2-5 mm.

Description

The utility model relates to the purification of highly concentrated oily waters and can be used in oil production and petrochemicals.

A device for cleaning oily water, comprising a horizontally arranged cylindrical body, divided by vertical partitions into three chambers, connected hydraulically. The first and third chambers are horizontal sedimentation tanks equipped with a sludge removal system and an oil droplet removal system. The second chamber is filled with polystyrene granules of a fraction of 2-5 mm, on the surface of which coalescence of small droplets of oil occurs with the formation of larger droplets emerging in the last third stage. (Patent on PM No. 90783).

The disadvantage of this device is not a sufficiently high effect of purification of oily waters.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for the purification of oily water, including a cylindrical conical housing, in which a layer of contact mass of oil is placed with the formation of an oil-water interface, a coalescence chamber with grids between which there is a coalescing charge, and sewage inlets water and drainage of purified water, oil and sludge. The coalescence chamber is made in the form of a cartridge located coaxially with the housing with the formation of an annular gap between them, in which a blind partition is placed, forming a section of a hydrocyclone in the lower part of the housing. The upper end of the cartridge is located at the oil-water interface. The device is equipped with grids located above and below the oil-water interface, between which hydrophilic granular solid-phase particles are located. (Patent RU No. 2170706).

The disadvantage of this device is not a sufficiently high effect of purification of oily waters.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device for purification of oily water with the achievement of the following technical result - to increase the effect of purification of oily water.

The problem is solved in that in a device for the purification of oily water, including a housing in which a layer of contact mass from oil is placed with the formation of an oil-water interface, water inlet and outlet pipes for purified water, oil and sediment, a coalescence chamber with a coalescing charge, made in the form of a cartridge, the upper end of which is located at the oil-water interface, and grids located above and below the oil-water interface, between which hydrophilic granular particles are located, according to the useful The device’s case has the shape of a horizontally located cylinder, in the upper part of which there are mounting covers, and coalescing cartridges form two or more rows of two or more cartridges in each row, the device containing a water trap and a funnel for collecting trapped oil connected to the oil drain pipe wherein the ratio of the area of water filtration in the oil layer to the area of water filtration in coalescing cartridges is in the range from 3 to 5, and in the coalescing cartridges electrodes are placed in the form of of electrically positive and electronegative materials, forming electrochemical current sources in which electrodes of the same polarity form cylindrical surfaces arranged coaxially so that the polarity of the electrodes alternates.

The coalescing load is made of polystyrene granules of a fraction of 2-5 mm.

Electropositive electrodes are made of copper, electronegative - of aluminum. The diameter of the rod electrodes is 3-5 mm.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 3 is an external view of a coalescing cartridge; FIG. 4 - section of a coalescing cartridge.

The housing 1 of the device has a cylindrical shape, closed from the ends of the shells. In the upper part of the housing are mounting covers 2, connected by hinges to the housing. In the housing 1 are placed in 2 rows of coalescing cartridges 3 having a cylindrical shape, turning into a cone in the lower part. Coalescing cartridges 3 are filled with a coalescing charge 4, which is spherical granules of hydrophobic material (fluoroplast, polystyrene, polyethylene) with a diameter of 3-5 mm. Coalescing cartridges by a common collector are connected to the water supply pipe 5. The upper ends of the coalescing cartridges 3 are located at the oil-water interface. Above and below the oil-water interface are nets 6 for holding hydrophilic granular particles 7, for example, glass balls with a diameter of 3-5 mm (the upper mesh in Fig. 1 is not shown). In the water layer, there is a prefabricated system 8, connected to the pipe 9 of the outlet for purified water, which in turn is connected to the water trap 10. In the oil layer there is a funnel 11 connected to the pipe 12 of the oil drain. In the lower part of the housing 1 there are pipes 13 for discharge of sediment.

In the coalescing cartridges 3 in the upper part, perforations 14 are made in the form of slots up to 3 mm wide.

In the coalescing cartridges 3, vertically arranged electronegative electrodes 15 and electropositive electrodes 16, made in the form of rods with a diameter of 3-5 mm Electrodes of the same polarity form cylindrical surfaces located coaxially, with the polarity of the electrodes alternating. The optimal distance between the electrodes is 220 mm (Nazarov M.V. Purification of natural and waste water using electrochemical methods. / Abstract of Cand. Diss. Ufa, 2008, 24 s, see p. 15).

The device operates as follows. Oil-containing water after preliminary sludge with an oil content of up to 2% vol. is fed into the pipe 5 of the water supply, is distributed among the coalescing cartridges 3. The water in the cartridges is filtered in a coalescing hydrophobic granular charge 4 in the direction from the bottom up. Emulsified oil wets the surface of the loading granules, forming a film that flows upward from the granule to the granule under the action of hydrodynamic forces and ultimately merges with a layer of contact mass consisting of the same oil. Water is filtered in the same direction, reaches the upper end of the coalescing cartridge and is filtered in a layer of oil, breaking up into separate drops. There is a process of liquid filtration of water in oil, in which drops of water are freed from emulsified oil. During liquid filtration, the thickness of the oil layer increases significantly due to water droplets, as a result of which individual drops of oil can enter the filtrate, impairing the quality of the purified water. In order to prevent this phenomenon, hydrophilic granules 7 are placed below the oil-water interface, for example, glass balls stabilizing the new position of the oil-water interface. The upper part of the coalescing cartridges 3 is in the oil layer, therefore, in order to increase the filtering area of water, it is possible to make perforations in the form of slots with a width of less than 3 mm in the upper part of the coalescing cartridges 3. The direction of water flows in the coalescing cartridges 3 is shown in FIG. 3.

As the water in the device is filtered, part of the purified water passes into the contact layer, as a result of which its thickness will increase. To remove the excess oil, a funnel 11 is provided, into which oil flows and then flows by gravity to the oil discharge pipe 12.

The liquid level in the device is set using a water trap 10. The liquid level inside the device will always be higher than the water trap 10 according to the law of communicating vessels, since the oil density is less than the density of water, so the excess oil is automatically removed by a funnel 11. The purified water (filtrate) is removed through the pipe 9 purified water connected to a water lock 10. The sediment is removed through the nozzles 13 as it accumulates.

To increase the effect of water purification from emulsified oil, rod electrodes 15 and 16 are placed in coalescing cartridges 3, which form electrochemical current sources. Aluminum rods 15 were used as electronegative electrodes, copper rods were used as electropositive electrodes 16. An electric field arises between the bipolar electrodes, which polarizes the granules of the coalescing material 4, as a result of which positive and negative charges appear on the surface of each granule. Oil droplets emulsified in water have a negative charge, so they are attracted by electrostatic forces to positive bound charges located on coalescing granules, which increases the efficiency of coalescence.

Coalescing cartridges 3 do not require regeneration, since they do not precipitate any substances, and emulsified oil is transformed into film oil.

Example. Conducted experiments on the purification of oily water with an emulsified oil content of 2% vol. The rate of water filtration in the oil layer was kept constant at 2 m / h. The rate of water filtration in the coalescing cartridge was varied in the range from 6 to 15 m / h. The results of the experiments are presented in the table.

Table - Dependence of the residual oil content in the filtrate on the rate of water filtration in a coalescing cartridge Filtration rate, m / h 6 8 10 12 fifteen The residual oil content, mg / l According to the prototype 5.2 5.1 5.3 6.8 12.5 By PM 2,4 2,4 2,4 2.6 4.2 The increase in the effect of water purification compared with the prototype,% 53.8 52.9 54.7 61.7 66,4

From the results it follows that the effect of water treatment has increased significantly in the entire range of recommended speeds from 6 to 10 m / h.

The technical result consists in increasing the effect of purification of oil-containing water from emulsified oil and oil products.

Claims (3)

1. A device for cleaning oil-containing water, including a housing in which a layer of contact mass of oil is placed to form an oil-water interface, water inlet and outlet pipes for purified water, oil and sediment, a coalescing chamber with a coalescing charge, made in the form of a cartridge, the upper end of which is located at the oil-water interface, and grids located above and below the oil-water interface, between which are hydrophilic granular particles, characterized in that the device’s body it has the shape of a horizontally located cylinder, in the upper part of which there are mounting covers, and the coalescing cartridges form two or more rows of two or more cartridges in each row, the device comprising a water trap and a funnel for collecting trapped oil connected to the oil discharge pipe, the ratio of the water filtration area in the oil layer to the water filtration area in coalescing cartridges is in the range from 3 to 5, and in the coalescing cartridges electrodes are placed in the form of rods of electropositive and electronegative materials forming electrochemical current sources in which electrodes of the same polarity form cylindrical surfaces arranged coaxially so that the polarity of the electrodes alternates. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electropositive electrodes are made of copper, the electronegative ones are made of aluminum, the diameter of the rod electrodes is 3-5 mm. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the coalescing load is made of polystyrene granules of a fraction of 2-5 mm.

Images