RU142259U1 - ASPIRATION COVERING PLACES FOR OVERLOADING BULK MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An aspiration shelter for bulk material handling places, containing a box formed by end walls, a lid and side walls located at an internal angle of less than 90 ° to the top cover, elastic seals, aprons mounted on the end walls of the housing, an aspiration funnel and a loading chute, characterized in that the cover comprises a cowl mounted on the loading chute. 2. The aspiration shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a flow separator forming a slotted nozzle with a cowl at the exit of the loading chute.

Description

The utility model relates to a dust removal technique for the processing of bulk materials and can be used in the production of building materials, in the metallurgical, mining and other industries where dust is emitted.

A suction shelter is known comprising a housing formed by a lid, double side and end walls, elastic seals mounted on the housing walls, aprons mounted on the housing end walls, an aspiration funnel and a loading chute mounted on the housing cover, inside the housing between the suction funnel and the loading a rigid vertical partition [Minko V.A. "Dust removal of technological processes for the production of building materials" Voronezh: Publishing house of Voronezh State University, 1981, p. 147, fig. 44].

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of operation and installation of the structure, as well as its significant aerodynamic drag.

Known suction shelter with single walls [Minko V.A. "Dust removal of technological processes for the production of building materials" Voronezh: Publishing house of Voronezh State University, 1981, p. 145, fig. 41]. This suction shelter contains a box formed by a lid, side vertical and end walls, as well as a suction funnel and a loading chute mounted on the lid. Elastic seals are fixed on the side walls of the shelter, and aprons on the end walls.

The disadvantages of this shelter are significant amounts of aspiration, as well as a high concentration of dust at the exit of the shelter.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is an aspiration shelter for bulk material handling places (patent 102603 of the Russian Federation: IPC B65G 69/18 Aspiration shelter for bulk material handling places: Kireev V.M., Goltsov AB, Minko V.A. , A. Seminenko; applicant and patent holder State educational institution of higher professional education "Belgorod State Technological University named after VG Shukhov". No .: 2010143830/11, application. 10.26.2010; publ. 10.03.2011.) containing the box formed by the end walls to yshkoy and sidewalls disposed at an internal angle less than 90 ° to the top cover, elastic seals, aprons attached to the end walls of the housing, the suction funnel and the chute.

The use of inclined side walls in an aspiration shelter increases the internal volume of its upper part; due to this, the trajectory of the ejection air moves to the upper part of the shelter towards the top cover, and the excess pressure of the ejection air at the place where the material falls on the conveyor belt decreases. Changing the trajectory of the air will reduce the likelihood of knocking out dusty air through leaks in the shelter in the area of the working area, and lower, in comparison with analogues, the concentration of dust contained in the aspiration air.

The disadvantages of this shelter is the high concentration of dust at the exit of the shelter.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of dust collection, which is manifested in a decrease in the concentration of dust in the aspiration air at the exit from the shelter.

To solve the problem in an aspiration shelter for places of loading bulk material containing a box formed by end walls, a lid and side walls located at an internal angle of less than 90 ° to the top cover, elastic seals, aprons mounted on the end walls of the housing, an aspiration funnel and loading chute, a fairing is installed on the cover of the loading chute. Introduction to the aerodynamic scheme of the aspiration cover of the fairing will allow attracting additional forces (based on the Coanda effect) to change the trajectory of the air, which will lead to the separation of solid particles and, consequently, to decrease their concentration at the exit from the shelter.

With significant transverse dimensions of the loading chute, the design of the suction shelter must be supplemented by a flow separator forming a slotted nozzle at the exit of the loading chute with a cowl.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing. In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an aspiration shelter.

An aspiration shelter with inclined walls consists of a box formed by a top cover 1 mounted above the inclined side walls 2, located at an internal angle of inclination, for example, 60 ° to the top cover 1, as well as vertical end walls 3 rigidly attached to the cover 1, for example, on the flanges. The loading of bulk material is carried out through the groove 4 in the inner part of the box. A cowl 5, for example, having a torus shape (the nature of the surface and the shape of the cowl 5 is selected based on the overload conditions: dimensions of the groove, volumes of ejected air, etc.) is installed at the loading chute 4 in the direction of air flow, is rigidly attached to the cover 1, for example, bolted. The suction funnel 6 is installed so that the air is drawn directly from the inside of the duct. Elastic side seals (not shown in Fig.), Aprons 7 are rigidly mounted, for example, on the flanges, to the side and end walls 2, 3 to prevent dust from knocking out of the shelter through leaks between the walls of the shelter and the conveyor belt 8, as well as to reduce volumes sucked air.

The shelter design can be supplemented by a flow splitter 9, made, for example, in the form of a cone with the top up, installed at the outlet of the loading chute 4, forming a slotted nozzle with a cowl. For the possibility of vertical movement and fixed fastening of the flow separator, its apex is rigidly connected, for example, by welding, to a rod 10 fixed to the loading chute 4, for example, a lock nut.

Aspiration shelter works as follows.

Material, for example, iron ore, from the feed conveyor (not shown in Fig.) Through the loading chute 4, together with the ejected air, enters the suction shelter box. The dust and gas stream falling into the aerodynamic zone of the fairing 5 is separated: air, according to the Coanda effect, spreads over the surface of the fairing 5, and dust particles by inertia fall on the conveyor belt. The movement of the two-phase flow near the upper cover 1 increases the efficiency of the inertial dust cleaning processes in the shelter, due to a more drastic change in the trajectory of the air, thereby reducing the concentration of dust at the outlet. Due to the lower aerodynamic drag of the upper part of the shelter, the air flow moves near the cover 1 to the suction funnel 6.

When installing the flow separator 9, the device is preliminarily adjusted by vertical movement of the rod 10 and the flow separator 9 rigidly attached to it. Based on the air flow rate, as well as the type, density and size of bulk material according to known dependences (Sokolova I.N. Experimental study of wall jets / Proceedings of TsAGI. 1982. V. 2148. p. 21-31) the optimal value of the gap between the fairing 5 and the flow splitter 9 is selected, providing the greatest angle of flow deviation, with the exception of the possibility clogging by the bulk material of the nozzle. After the adjustment, the position of the rod 10 and the flow separator 9 is secured with a lock nut (not shown in FIG.), And material, for example, iron ore, is fed through the feed chute 4 from the feed conveyor (not shown in FIG.), Together with the ejected air in the suction shelter box. When moving through a slotted nozzle, the bulk material under the action of inertia forces moves to the wall of the flow separator 9, which ensures its displacement into the peripheral zone of the flow even before the jet detaches, facilitating the exit of particles from the jet. A stream of air flowing out of the nozzle at a high speed entrains the surrounding air, but the surface of the cowling prevents the free flow of air from one side of the jet, helping to reduce the pressure at the surface of the cowling and “sticking” to it the air stream.

Thus, the proposed aspiration shelter for places of loading bulk material will reduce the concentration of dust at the outlet in comparison with the prototype, as well as reduce the excess pressure at the place of material fall on the conveyor belt. Displacing the trajectory of the flow of dusty air into the upper part of the shelter will reduce the likelihood of knocking it out through lateral leaks, which will reduce the required volume of aspirated air.

Claims (2)

1. An aspiration shelter for bulk material handling places, containing a box formed by end walls, a lid and side walls located at an internal angle of less than 90 ° to the top cover, elastic seals, aprons mounted on the end walls of the housing, an aspiration funnel and a loading chute, characterized in that the cover comprises a cowl mounted on the loading chute. 2. The suction shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a flow separator forming a slotted nozzle with a cowl at the outlet of the loading chute.

Images