RU13539U1 - FILTER SEPARATOR AND FILTER ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The filter separator comprising a housing with a sump, inlet, outlet and drainage pipes, at least one pair of height-adjustable filter elements made of filtering and coagulating material, and a water drainage device installed between the filtering elements of the upper and lower tiers, characterized in that in the central part of the housing there is a collector connected to the inlet pipe in the form of a hollow disk with vertical pipes for securing the filter elements, equipped with an axisymmetric a second casing shell for separating the purified liquid flows from the upper and lower filter elements and the filter elements are made of polyvinyl formal as a cylindrical cup with a bottom, side open ends attached to said nozzles kollektora.2. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element of the upper tier is placed inside an axisymmetric shell with a shell. 3. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element of the upper tier is located outside the shell axisymmetric with the shell. 4. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element is fixed to the manifold nozzle by means of a cap with an opening coaxial with the glass cavity. 5. The filter separator according to claim 4, characterized in that the cover openings and vertical manifold nozzles are provided with a conjugated thread. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that for each of the filter elements below, the wall thickness of the cylindrical glass refers to the thickness of its bottom as 1: (1.1-1.6). The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that

Description

FILTER SEPARATOR AND FILTER ELEMENT

This group of utility models relates to filtration, and more particularly to filtering devices designed to purify organic liquids, in particular oils, petroleum products, including internal combustion engine fuels, from emulsified water and solids.

A known filter for cleaning liquids, comprising a housing with two inlet pipes in the form of axial perforated pipes, onto which filter bags are made, made of elastic porous disks, intermediate and end washers, and with an output pipe. One of the end washers is connected to the reciprocating movement mechanism along the inlet pipe. The mechanism is made in the form of eccentrics fixed on the shaft, resting against moving end plates of filter bags (see USSR author's certificate No. 454038 according to class B 01 D 25/26, published on December 25, 1974).

The known filter allows you to remove mechanical impurities from liquids, but does not remove from liquids such as petroleum products, the water contained in them.

Known filter element consisting of a cylindrical body made of polyvinyl formal (see RF patent No. 2048162 according to class B 01 D 29/72, published on 11/20/1995).

Known filter element allows you to clean oil from mechanical impurities and water. However, water is removed from oil products only due to its absorption by the filter element, as a result of which it is often necessary to extract water from it using a special device.

Known filter separator for cleaning organic liquids from emulsified water, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a system of filtering coagulating glasses with a common collector-distributor, a hydrophobic drainage device and a settling zone. The filtering coagulating glasses are made perforated

MK№: B01D25 / 00 V 01 D 39/16

and fitted in the lower part with a metal mesh with a mesh diameter of 1.4 to 2.0 mm and consist of two bulk layers of hydrophilic active u-AzOz with

particle diameters of the upper layer 0.7 - 1.2 mm and the lower layer 1.7 - 2.5 mm at

layer heights and respectively 350 and 400 mm (see copyright certificate

USSR

No. 1433477 according to class On 01 D 27/02, 37/08, published October 30, 1988).

The disadvantages of the known filter separator include the complexity of the design of the filtering coagulating cups and the lack of efficiency and reliability of trapping of mechanical impurities, as well as the need for disassembly to remove the trapped water.

A known filter element consisting of a set of cylindrical rings made, in particular, of polyvinyl formal and placed between two washers (see RF patent No. 2022614 according to class B 01 D 27/08, published November 15, 1994).

The filter element has a developed surface, however, during its regeneration, gaps between the rings and sealing washers cannot be ruled out after regeneration by squeezing due to warping and uneven wetting of the polyvinyl formal, which reduces the reliability of its operation.

The closest set of essential features to the claimed device is a filter separator for the purification of hydrocarbon liquids, mainly fuels, from free water and solids, adopted as a prototype. The prototype device consists of a housing with a sump, inlet, outlet and drainage pipes, and at least one pair of height-adjustable filter elements made of filtering, coagulating drainage and water separating layers, and a device for draining water installed between the filtering elements and made in the form of a cup-shaped insert, the bottom of which has a slope towards the edge of the bowl, in the lower part of which a hole is made for water drainage. The cup-shaped stake can be equipped with a pipe for water drainage, one end of which is connected to the hole for water drainage, and the other is placed in a sump or in a jagged insert of a downstream device for water drainage (see USSR author's certificate No. 955978 according to class B 01 D 25 / 00, published 07.09.1982).

The prototype device has a compact design and allows for the continuous purification of hydrocarbon liquids from water, however, with a relatively high content of mechanical impurities in the liquid being cleaned, the life of such a device is limited, since the filter elements cannot be regenerated, and their design is quite complicated.

The closest by the largest number of essential features to the claimed filter element is a filter element consisting of a hollow cylinder made of polyvinyl formal, one of the open ends of which is attached to the washer (see RF patent No. 2050928 according to class B 01 D 27/04, published 12/27/1995).

The known filter element provides an effective purification of organic liquids that do not dissolve the material of the filter element from water and mechanical impurities, however, it requires frequent regeneration, as polyvinylformal deteriorates with water, and then the organic liquid is completely removed from water. To regenerate the filter element, additional devices must be used.

The task was to develop such a filter separator and its filter element, which would provide an increase in the productivity and efficiency of purification of organic liquids from water and solids by increasing the time interval between the regeneration cycles of the filter element and simplifying the regeneration process itself.

The problem is solved by a group of utility models, united by a single inventive concept, namely, that in a filter separator containing a housing with a settling tank, inlet, outlet and drainage pipes and at least one pair of height-adjustable filter elements made of filtering and coagulating them material, in the central part of the housing there is a collector connected to the inlet pipe in the form of a hollow disk with vertical pipes for fixing the filter elements, equipped with axisymmetry a casing with a housing for separating the flows of purified liquid from the lower and upper filtering elements, and the filtering elements are made of polyinformal in the form of cylindrical glasses with a bottom

open ends fixed to manifold nozzles. The problem is also solved by the fact that the filtering elements in the form of a cylindrical glass with a bottom are made of polyvinyl formaldehyde obtained from a composition comprising polyvinyl alcohol, potato starch, formaldehyde and water in the following ratio of components, weight. %:

polyvinyl alcohol-7 - 9;

potato starch - 4-6;

formaldehyde-3 - 5;

water is the rest.

The filter elements can be fixed to the manifold nozzles using covers with an opening coaxial with the glass cavity. For ease of installation, the lid openings and vertical nozzles may be provided, for example, with mating threads. The sump can be blocked from above by a perforated partition, for example, in the form of a mesh. Each of the filter elements of the lower tier can have a thickened bottom, while the wall thickness of the cylindrical glass refers to the thickness of its bottom as 1: :(, - 1.6).

As the studies conducted by the authors showed, the implementation of the collector in the form of a hollow disk with vertical nozzles on which cylindrical glasses of polyvinyl formal are fixed from the open ends, and supplying the collector with a shell axisymmetric with the housing, together with the implementation of the polyvinyl formal filter element from a composition comprising polyvinyl alcohol , potato starch, formaldehyde and water, taken in the above ratio, allows you to create conditions favorable for the occurrence of eff KTA coalescence (enlargement) of water drops, polyvinyl holdup. With such a constructive implementation of the filter separator, a uniform decrease in the speed of the filtered fluid from the center of the filter element to its periphery is achieved with the simultaneous formation of relatively quiet zones near the bottom of the filter cup, in which, due to the presence of a shell, the movement of the liquid filtered by the lower and upper tiers of the filter elements as a result of which coarse drops of water are not carried away by the ascending stream of the filtered liquid, but enter the sump (from the bottom filter elements of the tier - directly and from the upper tier - through dewatering device). The implementation of the filtering elements from polyvinylformapy obtained from a composition of a different composition than the declared one sharply worsens the coalescing properties of the filtering element. The implementation of the filtering elements in the form of cylindrical cups with a bottom, fixed with an open end on the manifold nozzles, further simplifies the process of their regeneration, since it allows them to be produced without using any additional devices by simply reversing the direction of fluid flow. The improvement of the conditions for the removal of water droplets into the sump from the lower tier of the filtering elements is also facilitated by the execution of the bottom of the cylindrical bowl 1.1-1.6 times thickened as compared with the thickness of its side wall, as well as the fixing of the filtering elements on the manifold nozzles using covers with a hole, coaxial with the cavity of the filter element cup (at the same time, such fixing of the elements simplifies the process of their replacement). Overlapping the sump with a perforated baffle, for example in the form of a mesh, prevents water from entering the sump in the filtered liquid.

A search by the authors for analogues of the sources of patent and other scientific and technical information did not reveal technical solutions that coincided with the claimed devices in terms of the essential features, which indicates the novelty of the claimed filter separator and filter element.

It is known from the patent literature that the filter element is made of polyvinyl formal (for example, USSR copyright certificate No. 488598 according to class B 01 D 27/08, published on 10/25/1975; USSR copyright certificate No. 1762972 according to class B 01 D 27/02, published 23.09. 1992). However, in the known solutions, polyvinyl formal is used only as a moisture-absorbing material and does not realize its coalescing properties, and the filter element is regenerated by compressing it using additional devices (screws, springs and other devices). The bench tests carried out by the authors of a known filter with a polyvinyl formal filter element (USSR author's certificate No. 488598) for the purification of diesel fuel with a water content of 0.1% showed that the effective absorption of water from the fuel in the purified fuel is less than 0.005%) when initially dry filter element occurs until the filter element has absorbed 1 kg of water per 1 kg of its dry weight, after which the concentration of water in the purified fuel increases to 0.01% (at 1.2 kg absorbed by ivinilformalem water) and during the absorption-known filter element further 1.4 kg of water absorption of fuel is stopped. During the regeneration of a known filter element, no more than 10% of the absorbed water is squeezed out of it. In order to prevent deterioration of fuel purification when polyvinylformal is saturated with water, layers of coagulating and hydrophobic materials are additionally installed in known filters (see USSR author's certificate No. 1194453 according to CL 01 D 27/08, published ZOL 1.1985). In the claimed design of the filter separator in conjunction with the filter element of polyvinyl formal obtained from the composition of the above composition, it was possible to carry out coalescence of water droplets while passing the cleaned liquid through the filter element and its discharge into the sump. As a result, there was no need for both frequent regeneration of the filter element to remove absorbed water from it, and the use of additional layers of coagulating and hydrophobic materials, which indicates the achievement of a new technical effect and the claimed solutions meet the inventive step criterion. It should also be noted that the regeneration of the filter element of the claimed filter-separator is greatly simplified, since water is continuously removed into the sump during its operation, and mechanical impurities are removed from the filter element without the use of any additional devices by simply reversing the direction of fluid inlet and outlet duty cycle.

The inventive filter separator is shown in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a filter separator with eight filter elements in

section along the axis; in FIG. 2 view of an eight-element filter - separator in cross section

on A - A; in FIG. 3 shows a filter - separator with two filter elements in

on B - B;

in FIG. 5 is a view of a filter element with equal thickness wall and bottom in

section along the axis, in FIG. 6 is a view of a filter element with equal thickness wall and bottom.

in cross section;

in FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a filter element with a thickened bottom; in FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a filter element with a thickened bottom.

section, in Fig.9 is a view of a filter element provided with a cover.

The inventive filter-separator consists of a housing 1 with a sump 2, a pipe 3 for supplying a cleaned liquid, a pipe 4 for draining the cleaned liquid, a pipe 5 for draining the sludge, at least one pair of filter elements 6 installed in tiers on the vertical pipes 7 of the collector 8, made in the form of a hollow disk and placed in the central part of the housing 1 and connected to the nozzle 3. The collector 8 is equipped with a shell 9 mounted axially symmetrically relative to the housing 1. The shell 9 is designed to separate the flows cleanly liquid emerging from the lower and upper tiers of filter elements 6. Each filter element 6, the upper tier can be located inside the sleeve 9 (FIG. 3) and outside it (Fig. 1). In the manifold 8, at least one channel 10 is made for passing a fluid flow purified by filter elements 6 of the lower tier. The filter elements 6 are made of polyvinyl formal obtained from a composition comprising polyvinyl alcohol (7 - 9 wt.%), Potato starch (4-6 wt.%), Formaldehyde (3-5 wt.%) And water (added up to 100 wt. .%), in the form of cylindrical glasses with a bottom 11. For each of the filter elements 6 located in the lower tier 6, the bottom 11 may have a thickness equal to 1.1 - 1.6 of the thickness of the cylindrical wall 12. The device for water drainage is made in the form of a vertical tube 13, one end of which is fixed in the hole 14, and the other end is placed in the sump 2. Sump 2, the top can be closed by a perforated partition 15, made, for example, in the form of a mesh. For ease of installation and dismantling, the filter elements 6 can be fixed on the nozzles 7 using the covers 16 with the hole 17 coaxial with the cavity of the filter element 6. The covers 16 are fixed to open

the ends 18 of the elements 6. The hole 17 and the pipe 7 can be equipped with a mating thread 19. The filter separator can be equipped with additional pipes 20 and 21 for washing the filter elements 6 with a washing solution.

The inventive filter - separator and filter element operate as follows. Organic liquid contaminated with water and mechanical impurities is fed through a pipe 3, a collector 8 and vertical pipes 7 into the internal cavity of the filtering elements 6 located vertically in two tiers towards each other. The largest drops of water suspended in a liquid and particles of mechanical impurities under the influence of gravity fall mainly in the filter element 6 (Fig. 3) or filter elements 6 (Fig. 1) of the lower tier. The mechanical impurities contained in the liquid to be cleaned, depending on the size of the particles, either settle on the inner surface of the filter element 6, or are retained in the pore labyrinths of polyvinyl formal, with the exception of the smallest particles 1-2 microns in size, which are not retained by the filter element 6. Emulsified organic liquid, water is absorbed by polyvinyl formal, forming larger droplets in its pores, which move together with the flow of the liquid being cleaned towards the outer surface of the filter element enta 6. As the fluid moves to the outer surface of the filter element 6, its speed decreases, which contributes to the further growth of water droplets, the size of which depends on the structure and pore size of the material of the filter element 6, and the concentration of drops in the lower part of the filter element 6. By the time of reaching coarse drops of water on the outer surface of the wall 12, most of them are in the lower part of the element 6 of the upper tier and near the bottom 11 of the element 6 of the lower tier, where there is practically no fluid movement. Water, delayed by the filtering elements 6 of the upper tier, through the hole 14 and the pipe 13 flows down into the sump 2 through the perforated partition 15, There also comes the water, detained by the elements 6 of the lower tier. In the filter elements 6 of the lower tier, the lowering of the fluid flow rate is facilitated by the implementation of the bottom 11 thickened. The filtering elements 6 in the wet state become soft and in the upper tier they are somewhat compressed by their own weight, and in the lower tier they are somewhat stretched; therefore, the hydraulic resistance of the elements 6 of the upper tier is higher than that of the elements 6 of the lower tier. As a result, the flow of the liquid to be cleaned passing through the upper tier of the elements 6 will be less than through the elements 6 of the lower tier. As mechanical impurities settle in the filter elements 6, their hydraulic resistance increases, and this process occurs faster in the lower layer elements 6. As a result, the flow of liquid through the filtering elements 6 of the lower tier will decrease slightly, and through the upper elements 6 it will increase. When a volley hit in the filter separator, mainly in the filter elements 6 of the lower tier, a large amount of mechanical impurities or water, the filter elements 6 of the upper tier act as a buffer, taking the additional load of cleaning the liquid and not allowing a sharp increase in pressure drop across the filter elements 6 of the lower tier, which could lead to their unacceptable stretching and partial release of their mechanical impurities and water into the purified liquid. In the inventive filter separator, the organic liquid is cleaned of water continuously, and the regeneration of the filter elements 6 is necessary only to remove the accumulated mechanical impurities, which allows to increase the duration of the filter separator between the two regenerations of the filter elements 6. To prevent the ingress of water, delayed the filtering elements 6 of the upper tier, in a liquid purified by the filtering elements 6 of the lower tier, a cylindrical shell 9 is installed, separating Otoko liquid purified in the lower and upper tiers of filter elements 6. The constructive execution filtraseparatora allows simple and sufficiently efficiently produce removing accumulated in the filter elements 6 impurities. To this end, the flushing liquid (clean fuel or washing solution) is supplied in the opposite direction to the worker, namely, it is supplied through the pipe 4, and discharged through the pipe 3. The washing liquid, when flowing in the opposite direction through the filtering element 6, creates a pressure drop, under which polyvinyl formal, soft in the wet state, begins to shrink in the direction from the outer surface of the filter element 6 to its inner cavity. As a result, the pressure drop continues to increase. Thus, when a certain initial flow rate of washing liquid is established through the filter separator, spontaneous compression of the material of the filter element 6 and removal of mechanical impurities from its pores occurs. The process of squeezing the filter element 6 is controlled by controlling the flow rate of the washing liquid. After stopping the supply of washing liquid, the polyvinyl formal filter element 6 under the action of elastic returns to its original state. For the implementation of the regeneration process, the filter separator may be equipped with nozzles 20 and 21, respectively, for supplying and removing washing liquid.

A filter separator was made including 8 pairs of filter elements. The filter elements had the following dimensions: height - 300 mm, outer diameter - 160 mm, inner cavity diameter - 50 mm, bottom thickness - 60 mm. The performance of the filter separator was 15 m of diesel fuel per hour at a filtration rate of 7.5 - 10.0 m / h. The highly emulsified mixture of diesel fuel with water was cleaned with a water content of 0.1 - 0.2 weight. % The filter elements were made of polyvinylformal obtained from the compositions, the composition of which is shown in table 1. The results of the cleaning of diesel fuel are shown in table 2. The content of components in the composition

Sample No. Polyvinyl Potato Formaldehyde,

polyvinylformal alcohol, wt.% starch, wt.% wt.%

ten

Table 1.

Note: water is the rest. Diesel fuel cleaning results

No. of composition Water content, wt. %

10.008 (clouded fuel sample after settling

there is no water at the bottom)

20,006 (fuel sample is almost transparent)

3 less than 0.005 (transparent fuel sample)

4 less than 0.005 (transparent fuel sample)

50,007 (fuel sample slightly turbid, after

no water sedimentation at the bottom)

60.010 (turbid fuel sample, after settling

small drops of water are seen at the bottom)

The results of diesel fuel cleaning show that the filter elements made of polyvinylformal obtained from the composition of the declared qualitative and quantitative composition provide effective cleaning of the fuel from water emulsified in it.

table 2

Claims (9)

1. The filter separator comprising a housing with a sump, inlet, outlet and drainage pipes, at least one pair of height-adjustable filter elements made of filtering and coagulating material, and a water drainage device installed between the filtering elements of the upper and lower tiers, characterized in that in the central part of the housing there is a collector connected to the inlet pipe in the form of a hollow disk with vertical pipes for securing the filter elements, equipped with an axisymmetric a second casing shell for separating the purified liquid flows from the upper and lower filter elements and the filter elements are made of polyvinyl formal as a cylindrical cup with a bottom, side open ends of said nozzles mounted on the manifold.  2. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element of the upper tier is placed inside an axisymmetric shell with a shell.  3. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element of the upper tier is located outside the shell symmetrical with the shell.  4. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each filter element is fixed to the manifold pipe using a cover with an opening coaxial with the glass cavity.  5. The filter separator according to claim 4, characterized in that the openings of the covers and the vertical nozzles of the collector are equipped with a conjugated thread.  6. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that for each of the filter elements below, the wall thickness of the cylindrical glass refers to the thickness of its bottom as 1: (1.1-1.6).  7. The filter separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sump is blocked from above by a perforated partition.  8. The filter separator according to claim 7, characterized in that the perforated partition is made in the form of a mesh. 9. The filter element, consisting of a cylindrical hollow body made of polyvinyl formal, characterized in that the said body is made in the form of a glass, and polyvinyl formal obtained from a composition comprising polyvinyl alcohol, potato starch, formaldehyde and water in the following ratio, wt.%. :
Polyvinyl alcohol - 7-9
Potato Starch - 4-6
Formaldehyde - 3-5
Water - Else
10. The filter element according to claim 9, characterized in that the wall thickness of the cylindrical glass refers to the thickness of its bottom as 1: (1.1-1.6).