RU130685U1 - BULSTYANSKY MULTI-BULM THROWING PROPELLER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A multi-projectile projectile for a smooth-bore gun, containing at least three sub-caliber bullets having the same diameter and a head made of a material with a high specific gravity, for example, a lead alloy, a guiding shank made of a material with a low specific gravity, for example, polymer materials, characterized in that the projectile contains an additional longitudinal compensating element of easily deformable material, more plastic than the material of the head and shank, an example of parafina.2. Multi-projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the bullets in the projectile are located in two layers along the axis of the projectile. A multi-projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element is made in the form of a rod, and the bullets are placed along and around it. Multi-projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element is made in the form of a sleeve, and the bullets are placed along and inside this sleeve. A multi-projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the bullets is selected from the following relationships: where D is the diameter of the minimum section of the barrel along its axis. The multi-projectile propellant charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the row of bullets lower in the direction of the projectile is mounted by the head against the course of the projectile movement in the barrel. The multi-bullet propellant charge according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of bullets n = 3, both rows of bullets additionally contain 3 bullets each, the diameter of which is determined from the ratio d≤0.22.8. Multi-projectile propelling charge according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that when the number of bullets n≥5, the compensating element is equipped with

Description

The utility model relates to the field of equipment for smooth-bore, mainly hunting, weapons and can be used in the manufacture of cartridges for hunting medium and large animals and birds.

Known multi-projectile projectile for smoothbore weapons, containing at least three sub-caliber bullets of the same diameter (see US Patent 4718 348, CL 102-439, 1988).

Also known is a multi-projectile projectile for a smooth-bore weapon, containing at least three sub-caliber bullets having the same diameter and a head made of a material with a high specific gravity and a guiding shaft made of a material with a low specific gravity (see USSR Patent 1808114, cl. F 42 B 5/03, 1993, Bull. No. 13).

A disadvantage of the known multi-bullet shells is the complex construction of the bullet and its inevitable deformation when leaving the narrowing zone at the end of the barrel, and therefore the projectile has a high cost and low efficiency when firing at long distances (50 meters or more), typical for hunting medium and large mobile game. The deformation of the bullet’s body leads to poorly predicted dispersion of projectile bullets at a considerable distance from the shooter, which reduces the effectiveness of the shot and the safety of the round-robin hunt. In addition, the relatively low accuracy of the projectile leads to a high probability of occurrence of wounded animals, which the hunter often does not manage to get, especially in the winter, which reduces the humanity of hunting.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to increase the safety of firing on the hunts, increase the accuracy of the projectile flight and the effect of hitting the target, especially when shooting at a moving target and long distances.

The problem is solved in that a multi-projectile projectile for a smooth-bore gun containing at least three sub-caliber bullets having the same diameter and a head made of a material with a high specific gravity, for example, of a lead alloy, a guide shank made of a material with a low specific gravity , for example, from polymeric materials, the projectile contains an additional longitudinal compensating element, made in the form of a central rod or sleeve of easily deformable mater more plastic than the material of the head part and the shank, for example, of paraffin, while the bullets can be arranged in two rows, the lower row (closest to the powder charge) can be installed by the shanks forward along the bullet from the barrel, and the diameter of the bullets choose from the following relationships obtained by geometric construction:

The number of bullets n in one row Formula for calculating the diameter d of a single bullet 3

four

5

6

where D is the diameter of the minimum section of the trunk along its axis. The lower row of bullets in the direction of the projectile can be mounted by the head against the course of the projectile in the barrel. With the number of bullets n = 3, both rows of bullets can additionally contain 3 bullets each, the diameter of which is determined from the relation d≤0.22), and with the number of bullets n≥5 the central element can be equipped with an opening with an additional bullet installed in it, the length of which equal to or greater than the length of the projectile.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a multi-projectile projectile containing 8 bullets (4 in each of two rows), figure 2 shows a cross section of the same projectile, and figure 3 is a cross section when passing this projectile during a shot through a muzzle slice.

Figure 4 shows an example of the construction of the bullet, figure 5 and 6 is an example of a cross section of the equipment of a projectile having in each of two rows three main and three additional bullets (Fig. 6, which shows the moment the projectile passed through the muzzle, a completely deformed element is not conventionally shown).

7 and 8 show a cross section of the projectile with 12 main (6 in each row) and one additional bullet in the center before the shot (Fig 7) and during the passage of the projectile through the muzzle (Fig. 8, where fully deformed element when passing the muzzle end conditionally not shown). Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section of the same projectile with an additional bullet. Figure 10 shows the flight form of this projectile at a considerable distance from the muzzle end (thin lines indicate the cone-shaped surfaces of the pressure jump generated during the flow around the head of the bullets).

Figure 11 shows the trajectory of the turn of the lower row of bullets when exiting the barrel in the event that they are installed in the cartridge sleeve with the shank forward in the direction of travel of the projectile.

Multi-projectile projectile consists (see figure 1 and 2) of the upper row of bullets 1, the bottom row of bullets 2 and the compensating element 3, made in the form of a rod and fixing the relative position of the bullets 1 and 2 in the sleeve 4 of the gun cartridge. Bullets 1 and 2 are placed around and along the compensating element 3. The projectile is installed on the gasket 5, resting on the wad 6. The compensating element 3 is crushed when the projectile passes through the narrowing in the barrel 8 (see figure 3). The bullets 2 of the lower row have a flatter shape of the end of the head part 9. The head part 9 (see Fig. 4) is made of a material with a high specific gravity, for example, lead, and is bonded to a shank 10 made of a material with a low specific gravity, for example, from hard plastic, and having recesses 11, using a centering rod 12. Recesses 11 play a dual role. They, firstly: perform the function of an aerodynamic stabilizer, and secondly: by changing their shape and quantity, you can change the length of the generatrix of rotation of the body of the bullet and thus change its aerodynamic drag.

In the event that the number of bullets in each row is three (see FIGS. 5 and 6), two rows of additional bullets 13 in an amount of 3 bullets in each row can be installed in the free space of the sleeve 4. In this case, the device of the compensating element 3 provides additional recesses for holding them and is made of perforated additional holes.

With five or more bullets in the same row (see Fig. 7, 8 and 9), it is advisable to install an additional bullet 14 in the central part of the element 3.

At a considerable distance from the muzzle end (see Fig. 10), the projectile bullets uniformly depart from the extension of the barrel axis (aiming line) 15.

When laying the projectile in the sleeve 4 can also be used plastic containers. In this case, the diameter of the bullets and the dimensions of the additional compensating element should be made taking into account the actual internal diameter of the container.

The projectile device with a compensating element in the form of a sleeve 16, inside and along which bullets are located (one of the options is shown in Fig. 12), does not require explanation.

Multi-projectile projectile works as follows (see figure 1 and 2). When firing a shot, powder gases are moved in the direction of the muzzle section of wad 6, gasket 5 and, with them, a multi-bullet projectile (bullets 1, 2 and element 3). When leaving the sleeve 4, the projectile first passes a conical tapering transition from the chamber to the barrel channel (projectile entrance), where the primary deformation of element 3 occurs due to the displacement of bullets 1 and 2 to the center of the barrel. The magnitude of this deformation depends on the difference between the diameter of the bore and the inner diameter of the sleeve 4. When using folder (cardboard and plastic) sleeves, this difference is insignificant and is less than 0.1 mm, when using metal sleeves this difference can reach 0.1-0, 2 mm and more.

Further, the projectile under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases moves along the barrel to the muzzle end and enters the muzzle narrowing zone, which is (calculated per diameter) from 0.0 mm (“clean cylinder”) to 1.2-1.45 mm (strong and a very strong “chock”). Trunks of the “clean cylinder” type usually have no muzzle narrowing (in this case, the deformation of element 3 occurs only in the projectile entrance), or a weak taper of the order of 0.1-0.2 mm over the entire length of the barrel (in this case, the deformation element 3 occurs throughout the passage of the projectile through the barrel).

When the projectile passes through the muzzle constriction of the "chock" type, severe deformation of element 3 occurs, while it is pressed back against the course of the projectile movement and between bullets 1 and 2 (the latter for the upper row of bullets 1 is shown in Fig. 3). After exiting the barrel, the projectile continues to move forward, while the impulse received by the bullets to the center of the barrel due to its narrowing does not play any role, since when passing the muzzle end, the bullets cannot move further to the center, as happens in a shot charge, the collision of bullets also does not occur due to the high ductility of the material of the element 3, and therefore there is no effort that repels the bullets from each other. In addition, neither when bullets move along the barrel, nor when passing through a muzzle narrowing, they do not deform and retain their strict geometric shape of the bodies of revolution. In this regard, the initial trajectory of their flight almost strictly corresponds to the direction of the axis of the barrel (aiming line).

Further, due to the fact that element 3 has a large cross-section and a small mass (small amount of momentum, large amount of drag), more massive and well streamlined bullets overtake it. Moreover, the bullets 2 of the lower row, having the worst aerodynamic qualities due to the shape of the head part, move slower and lag behind the bullets of the 1 upper row, due to which there is a slight elongation of the projectile along the flight direction. high total density of the beam of flying projectile bullets and its small deviation from the original flight path. Due to the fact that the bullets 2 of the lower row are longer near the poorly streamlined element 3, the oncoming air flow dissected by this element carries them further from the common geometric center of the projectile, and the general view of the flying projectile takes on a shape close to the shape of a cone (see figure 10, which shows the state of a flying projectile having a central bullet with a far behind and therefore not visible in the figure 3).

When installing the lower row of bullets 2, the tail part 10 forward in the direction of the projectile movement is a more uniform spread of bullets 2 in the flying sheaf of the projectile, because these bullets, due to the fact that the head part 9 is several times heavier than the shank 10, at the beginning of the flight are forced to make a 180-degree turn in an external arc (see Fig. 11). In the internal arc, these bullets can not deploy, because at the initial moment of flight, when there is a loss of stability of the bullet moving the light part forward, bullets 2 still abut the bullets 1 of the upper row, and between them there is still element 3 (bullets 1 and element 3 in Fig. 8 are not shown conventionally). Such a projectile is recommended when shooting from an ambush at short (less than 50 m) distances.

In the manufacture of element 3 in the form of a sleeve of easily deformable material (see Fig. 12), the operation of the projectile during passage through the barrel is almost identical to that described above. The only feature in this case is the deformation of the element 16 "inward" of the projectile. In addition, when calculating the diameter of the bullet, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the wall of the sleeve, similarly to how this must be done when using plastic containers, as described above.

The proposed design of a multi-projectile projectile makes it possible to keep the shape of bullets practically unchanged during firing, which makes the shot much more accurate, with a small and uniform dispersion of bullets from the aiming line and high efficiency of hitting the target.

This is especially important during winter hunting for medium and large moving animals, when the value of each shot is very high. The small dispersion of bullets in the sheaf of a flying projectile provides, with proper aiming, a reliable and sufficiently severe defeat for the animal at short and large distances by several bullets at once, which reduces the likelihood of wounded animals leaving the hunter, and thus increases the humanity of hunting.

In addition, the absence of reasons for which a distortion of the shape of the bullet can occur, eliminates the possibility of uncontrolled deviation of its flight from the line of sight and increases the safety of round-robin hunting.

A positive role is also played by the number of bullets in the shell doubled compared to the analogue and the prototype, which increases the likelihood of a bullet getting into the slaughter place of the game.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-projectile projectile for a smooth-bore gun, containing at least three sub-caliber bullets having the same diameter and a head made of a material with a high specific gravity, for example, a lead alloy, a guiding shank made of a material with a low specific gravity, for example, polymer materials, characterized in that the projectile contains an additional longitudinal compensating element of easily deformable material, more plastic than the material of the head and shank, an example of wax. 2. Multiple projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the bullets in the projectile are located in two layers along the axis of the projectile. 3. Multiple projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element is made in the form of a rod, and bullets are placed along and around it. 4. Multiple projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element is made in the form of a sleeve, and the bullets are placed along and inside this sleeve. 5. Multiple projectile projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the bullets is selected from the following ratios: The number of bullets n in one row Formula for diameter d of a single bullet 3 $$\text{d}\le \frac{\text{D}}{\text{2}\text{,fifteen}}$$

four $$\text{d}\le \frac{\text{D}}{\text{2}\text{, 41}}$$

5 $$\text{d}\le \frac{\text{D}}{\text{2}\text{70}}$$

6 $$\text{d}\le \frac{\text{D}}{\text{3}\text{, 00}}$$

where D is the diameter of the minimum section of the trunk along its axis. 6. The multi-projectile propellant charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the row of bullets lower in the direction of travel of the projectile is mounted with its head against the course of projectile movement in the barrel. 7. The multi-bullet propellant charge according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of bullets n = 3, both rows of bullets contain an additional 3 bullets each, the diameter of which is determined from the ratio d≤0.22. 8. Multi-bullet propelling charge according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that when the number of bullets is n≥5, the compensating element is equipped with an opening with an additional bullet installed in it, the length of which is equal to or greater than the length of the projectile.

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