RU128445U1 - Combine harvester with soil cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

A combine harvester with a tillage organ containing a header, a straw chopper and spreader and a tillage organ, characterized in that a cutter mounted between the header and the chopper with the possibility of transverse vibrations relative to the movement of the combine harvester is used as a tillage organ.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for simultaneous harvesting of crops and tillage in one pass.

A known technology for harvesting crops, according to which the mulching of the field with crushed plant residues simultaneously with the harvesting of the predecessor. After harvesting the predecessor, loosening of the soil is carried out (K.A.Sokht “Machine technologies for the cultivation of grain crops” Krasnodar, 2001, p.25 ... 27 and p.256).

To implement this technology, a number of devices are known for harvesting grain crops and utilizing the non-cereal part of the crop (see RF patent No. 2307498, A01D 91/04 and A01D 41/08 (2006.01) -prototype) containing a header, a chopper-spreader and a tillage organ.

Significant disadvantages of these inventions when implementing combining harvesting, loosening the soil and preserving moisture is:

- reduction of technical and economic indicators of combine harvesters in view of the use of energy-intensive tools, for example, disk harrows, the width of which is equal to the width of the header of the combine harvester;

- a decrease in the utilization factor of shift time due to an increase in the loss of time for turns, and a decrease in technical and technological reliability;

- seeding of seeds of weed plants to an excessively large depth, due to which it is impossible to obtain more complete, earlier and more friendly seedlings of weeds for their subsequent destruction by mechanical treatments or herbicides;

- poor-quality operation of the units in view of the non-coincidence of agrotechnical requirements, so cleaning is done at a speed of 4-6 km / h, and disking is 8-12 km / h.

The technical result is to simplify the design, ensure the minimum row of the tillage organ, reduce metal consumption and provide the initial requirements for fine peeling by 3-5 cm.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a combine harvester containing a header, a straw chopper-spreader and a soil cultivating organ, a tiller installed between the header and the grinder and performing transverse vibrations relative to the movement of the combine harvester is used as a soil cultivating organ.

The novelty of the claimed technical result lies in the fact that as a soil cultivating organ, a tiller is used, which makes transverse vibrations relative to the movement of the combine harvester. This technical solution allows continuous tillage with less (1-2) rows of the tillage organ.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, where figure 1 shows a combine harvester, and figure 2 shows the movement of the tillage organ.

In a combine harvester containing a header 1, a straw chopper-2 spreader and a soil-cultivating organ 3 installed between the header and the grinder, which is used as a tiller that performs transverse vibrations relative to the course of movement of the combine harvester.

Combine harvester operates as follows.

During the operation of the combine harvester, its header 1 cuts off the grain mass and feeds it to the threshing drum through an inclined chamber (not shown in the figure). Crossbar 3 mounted on the header 1 or in the interval between the header 1 and the chopper-spreader 2, which transversely vibrates, processes the soil to a depth of 3 ... 5 cm over the entire working width. Then, the chopper-spreader 2 of the harvester covers the just-treated soil with chopped straw. Such a soil treatment is able to better process the soil and create all conditions for preserving moisture in the soil and obtaining friendly and full seedlings of weeds, which can be destroyed in the future during the next soil preparation operation by mechanical means or herbicides in accordance with the selected technology.

Claims (1)

A combine harvester with a tillage organ containing a header, a straw chopper and spreader and a tillage organ, characterized in that a cutter mounted between the header and the chopper with the possibility of transverse vibrations relative to the movement of the combine harvester is used as a tillage organ.

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