RU101912U1 - Bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores - Google Patents

Abstract

 Bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores, which contains a hollow shell of a mixture of one or more attractive food substances and one or more formative substances, an active immunization component, a fixing component, characterized in that the hollow shell is made compressed with a moisture content of 2 to 60%.

Description

The utility model belongs to veterinary medicine, namely to baits for oral immunization of wild carnivores, that is, to fight against infectious diseases of animals, including rabies diseases.

Closest to the proposed solution is a bait for oral administration of an active immunization substance to animals, which contains a semi-shell and mixtures of one or more attractive food substances and one or more excipients, an active immunization substance that fixes the component. (Patent of Ukraine No. 26429 IPC A61K 39/12). Such a bait is attractive to animals and allows its use in a wide range of climatic zones. However, a significant drawback of this bait is its high mechanical and thermal strength, due to the composition of the shell ingredients, the use of high temperature in the preparation of the shell during extrusion, which does not allow the use of such bait with differentiation depending on climatic conditions and digestion of different animals. In the production process of the known bait, as a result of the use of high temperature during extrusion, beneficial properties are partially lost - the smell, nutritional characteristics of the bait and thus its attractive properties are not fully realized, which as a result do not fully ensure that animals eat such a bait. In addition, the fixing component of such a bait has an attractive (stimulating appetite) composition, which is similar to the composition of the shell, which increases the cost of the finished product.

The utility model is based on the task of creating an improved bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores, which would, thanks to new features - an optimally compressed shell and its improved structure, as well as an optimally balanced content of bait components, allow to obtain a finished product with preserved output useful properties increased range of strength, which would increase the possibility of differentiated use of such a bait and, accordingly, about - provide increased effect of oral immunization of animals with a single application, as well as to provide relief to administer the vaccine to an animal.

The problem is solved in that the bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores, which contains a hollow shell of a mixture of one or more attractive food substances and one or more formative substances, an active immunization component, a fixing component, which differs in that the hollow shell is made compressed optimal moisture indicator, which lies in the range from 2% to 60%.

The hollow shell as a forming substance may contain paraffin or gelatin, protein, paste or a mixture of at least two of these components. The fixing component is paraffin or fat, or paste.

For immunization against rabies infectious disease, as a marker for introducing an active immunization substance into an animal’s body, the hollow membrane may contain a tetracycline antibiotic.

The practical implementation of the proposed solution is illustrated by the following example.

Example.

In conditions of industrial mass (multi-series) production, a bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores is obtained, which contains a hollow shell of a mixture of one or more mixed attractive food substances (that is, food substances that stimulate appetite) and one or more formative substances, an active immunization component , the fixing component - the fixative that binds - combines the hollow membrane and the active therapeutic immunization component. The hollow shell of the bait is made of a mixture of attractive and forming substances. As an attractive substance of the floor, the shell contains at least one protein-containing component. As a component containing protein, the hollow shell may contain a mixture of meat - bone meal, fish meal and wheat flour in a mass ratio between these components from 1: 1: 1 to 1.4: 1.2: 1, respectively

For immunization against rabies infectious disease, as a marker for introducing the active immunization substance into the animal’s body, the hollow membrane contains 150 mg tetracycline antibiotic per dose.

In industrial production, depending on the specific application conditions (climatic, weather, characteristics and digestion of animals), a bait is prepared that is characterized by specific compounds of quantitative parameters that fall within their proposed values.

The bait is made as follows

Prepare a mixture of food, formative constituents (components). This example illustrates the preparation of a bait for immunization against an infectious disease for rabies; therefore, in the manufacture of a shell, a tetracycline antibiotic in the amount of 150 mg per dose is added to the food and formative components as a marker for introducing the immunization substance into the animal’s body, as well as the fixing component - fixative , which binds - combines the hollow membrane and therapeutic active immunization component. The above components are thoroughly mixed. Then, from the mixture obtained by pressing, a hollow shell is made: a mixture of composite shells — a process mass that has a temperature not higher than the ambient temperature, is sent to pressing on a press. Pressing is carried out under pressure from 10 to 170 at. to provide the necessary effective specific gravity (density) of the product, which ensures ease of consumption by animals and, at the same time, the necessary hardness of the product in order to cause pressure on the blister with the active immunization substance while eating the animal shell.

It is known that the chewing power of different groups of animals is different, respectively, regulating the moisture content of the shell, and the strength of the shell of the given bait is also regulated, which allows us to direct the impact of this bait on a specific group of infected animals. The higher the moisture indicator, the lesser force must be applied to the animal to absorb this bait. So, for example, the bait pressed to a moisture index of 35 ... 45% can be directed to medium-sized carnivores. (fox, marten, etc.)

At the same time, experiments showed that during the distribution of bait with a lower moisture indicator, the remainder of the bait increased, which indicates the ability to eat it with larger carnivores (wolf, bear, etc.)

The finished product is a bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores due to an improved shell structure, which is characterized by a combination of optimal values of specific gravity, humidity, and due to the optimally balanced contents of the bait components, has its original healthy nutritional properties, an increased strength range that allows you to distribute the possibilities of differentiated use of this bait, and as a result - increase the effectiveness of oral immunization animals for single use. The use of such a bait facilitates the work of veterinarians in vaccination and helps to create a favorable epidemiological situation in the country for infectious diseases, including rabies.

The effectiveness of vaccination with bait, which was obtained according to the proposed solution, was observed in three images: in animals that ate the bait, with biomarkers (tetracycline antibiotic), detection of a serological reaction to the vaccine in animals that were caught in areas by monitoring immunization of animals against rabies.

The proposed bait is intended for immunization of wild carnivores and domestic animals with infectious diseases, including rabies. Evaluation of the effect of the bait was carried out on different types of animals from all families.

On the territory of Ukraine, baits were distributed, which were obtained according to the proposed solution - they had a preserved attractive food smell, nutritional properties, an improved structure, which determines the widespread density range and, accordingly, the increased strength range, and as a result provides the widespread possibilities for differentiated use of the finished product in depending on climatic, weather conditions, digestion of different animals.

Based on numerous tests, the high efficiency of the proposed bait was established. Its use allows for the effective immunization of animals. After oral vaccination using the proposed bait, cases of rabies in animals decreased in almost all vaccination zones compared to areas where such vaccination was not carried out.

Due to the fact that rabies is transmitted through contacts between animals, vaccination of a large number of animals can establish an effective barrier between epidemic and uninfected rabies zones. In addition, revaccinations may decrease the number of disease-susceptible animals over time. Vaccination of animals helps to reduce the percentage of infection of animals, however, the main goal of vaccination is to limit the risk of infection of domestic animals from sick wild animals. Due to the fact that people are more in contact with pets, the ultimate goal of vaccination is to protect people from infectious diseases, including rabies.

Effective vaccination of animals reduces the percentage of infection of animals, and accordingly - the risk of infection of domestic animals from wild sick animals, which as a result protects against this disease.

The distribution of baits was uniform and regular in each sector without any remaining free space. All the work on the distribution of baits was displayed on accurate maps, the treated area and the number of baits laid out were recorded daily. Carefully monitored vaccination zones.

In the process of immunological studies (IFA for the presence of antibodies against pathogens of shffizny diseases - rabies, others) we analyzed the blood serum of animals of wild fauna (red fox, raccoon dogs), domestic animals (dogs, cats, BPX).

Then vaccination was monitored (control, assessment of vaccination effectiveness) with an assessment of various parameters - monitoring the evolution of the disease (on rabies) with its appropriate diagnosis and the effect of vaccination using appropriate research methods, evaluating the performance of the bait, monitoring the effect of the bait on the territory in which located bait.

The most accurate argument for the quality and effectiveness of the proposed bait is the level of virus-neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated animals. In order to assess population immunity, we evaluated the immunity of animals that were vaccinated by oral immunization.

The results of a study on animals that were immunized against rabies by oral vaccination using the proposed bait showed that the level of virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNA) after immunization averaged: 1 month after immunization -1: 97, 3 months 1:45, after 6 months 1:31, after 9 months 1:23, after 12 months 1:17.

Testing the effectiveness of the use of the bait showed the expected immune response of immunized animals.

The combination of all the features of the proposed bait, including its new features, allows the use of this bait to achieve a technical result. The improved structure of the bait due to the compressed shell, which is characterized by the optimal combination of specific gravity, humidity, and also due to the optimally balanced content of the components of the bait, has its original beneficial properties, an increased strength range, which makes it possible to extend the differentiated use of such bait and, accordingly, increase the effect of oral immunization of animals with a single use.

Testing of the proposed bait showed high immunological efficacy of oral immunization of animals, facilitating the introduction of vaccines into the animal's body. The application of this solution allows to reduce the cost of producing bait, as well as to distribute the assortment of veterinary products, vaccines in veterinary medicine, facilitate the work of veterinarians in vaccination and helps to create a favorable epidemiological situation in the country regarding rabies or other infectious diseases.

Claims (1)

Bait for oral immunization of wild carnivores, which contains a hollow shell of a mixture of one or more attractive food substances and one or more formative substances, an active immunization component, a fixing component, characterized in that the hollow shell is made compressed with a moisture content of 2 to 60%.