RO110457B1 - Procedeu de obtinere a carbonatilor de metale alcaline - Google Patents
Procedeu de obtinere a carbonatilor de metale alcaline Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RO110457B1 RO110457B1 RO94-00871A RO9400871A RO110457B1 RO 110457 B1 RO110457 B1 RO 110457B1 RO 9400871 A RO9400871 A RO 9400871A RO 110457 B1 RO110457 B1 RO 110457B1
- Authority
- RO
- Romania
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- solution
- suspension
- bicarbonate
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
Links
- -1 Alkali metals carbonates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TYDSIOSLHQWFOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexylidenecyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1=C1CCCCC1 TYDSIOSLHQWFOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000809257 Homo sapiens Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100038463 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WBLXMRIMSGHSAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].[Cl] Chemical compound [Cl].[Cl] WBLXMRIMSGHSAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012431 aqueous reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/02—Preparation by double decomposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/12—Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates or bicarbonate-containing product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919125044A GB9125044D0 (en) | 1991-11-26 | 1991-11-26 | Production of alkali metal carbonates |
| PCT/GB1992/002184 WO1993011071A1 (en) | 1991-11-26 | 1992-11-25 | Production of alkali metal carbonates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| RO110457B1 true RO110457B1 (ro) | 1996-01-30 |
Family
ID=10705210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| RO94-00871A RO110457B1 (ro) | 1991-11-26 | 1992-11-25 | Procedeu de obtinere a carbonatilor de metale alcaline |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5562890A (en, 2012) |
| EP (1) | EP0614446B1 (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JP3373512B2 (en, 2012) |
| CN (1) | CN1043214C (en, 2012) |
| AU (1) | AU657376B2 (en, 2012) |
| BG (1) | BG61108B1 (en, 2012) |
| BR (1) | BR9206814A (en, 2012) |
| CA (1) | CA2117294A1 (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE69221633T2 (en, 2012) |
| ES (1) | ES2113441T3 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB9125044D0 (en, 2012) |
| IN (1) | IN181137B (en, 2012) |
| MX (1) | MX9206834A (en, 2012) |
| PL (1) | PL171692B1 (en, 2012) |
| RO (1) | RO110457B1 (en, 2012) |
| RU (1) | RU2099286C1 (en, 2012) |
| TR (1) | TR27087A (en, 2012) |
| UA (1) | UA41293C2 (en, 2012) |
| WO (1) | WO1993011071A1 (en, 2012) |
| ZA (1) | ZA929189B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6475458B1 (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2002-11-05 | Airborne Industrial Minerals Inc. | Method for formulating food grade sodium bicarbonate |
| JP4767493B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2011-09-07 | ライフスキャン・インコーポレイテッド | 電気化学セル |
| FR2831083B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-19 | 2004-08-20 | Solvay | Masse dessicative, procede pour son obtention et son utilisation |
| CN100460319C (zh) * | 2001-10-26 | 2009-02-11 | 骆天荣 | 氨络合液塔式蒸氨结晶制备碱式碳酸盐纳米粒子的方法与设备 |
| DE10240681A1 (de) | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-25 | Lafarge Roofing Components Gmbh & Co. Kg | First- oder Gratband |
| FR2855165B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-21 | 2005-07-08 | Solvay | Procede de fabrication de carbonate de sodium |
| US20090214408A1 (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2009-08-27 | Greensols Australia Pty Ltd | Preparation and use of cationic halides, sequestration of carbon dioxide |
| WO2014104248A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 溶解塩類の回収方法、溶解塩類の回収装置及び塩化カルシウムの製造方法 |
| JP6159527B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-07-05 | オルガノ株式会社 | 炭酸水素ナトリウムの製造方法及び炭酸水素ナトリウムの製造装置 |
| JP6163326B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-11 | 2017-07-12 | オルガノ株式会社 | 溶解塩類の回収方法、溶解塩類の回収装置及び塩化カルシウムの製造方法 |
| WO2017137343A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-17 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Sustainable synthesis of carbamate compounds |
| KR102697676B1 (ko) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-08-22 | 탑에코에너지주식회사 | 난각을 이용한 아세트산칼슘 제조방법 |
| CN115353249B (zh) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-02-03 | 山东金泽水业科技有限公司 | 二氧化碳固化回收高纯度碳酸氢钠的废水处理工艺 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2989370A (en) * | 1957-08-21 | 1961-06-20 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Production of potassium carbonate by anion exchange |
-
1991
- 1991-11-26 GB GB919125044A patent/GB9125044D0/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-11-25 EP EP92923918A patent/EP0614446B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 WO PCT/GB1992/002184 patent/WO1993011071A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-11-25 DE DE69221633T patent/DE69221633T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-25 PL PL92303918A patent/PL171692B1/pl unknown
- 1992-11-25 JP JP51151592A patent/JP3373512B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-25 RO RO94-00871A patent/RO110457B1/ro unknown
- 1992-11-25 US US08/244,360 patent/US5562890A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-25 CA CA002117294A patent/CA2117294A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-11-25 IN IN706MA1992 patent/IN181137B/en unknown
- 1992-11-25 ES ES92923918T patent/ES2113441T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 AU AU29517/92A patent/AU657376B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-25 RU RU9494030732A patent/RU2099286C1/ru active
- 1992-11-25 UA UA94005448A patent/UA41293C2/uk unknown
- 1992-11-25 BR BR9206814A patent/BR9206814A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-26 ZA ZA929189A patent/ZA929189B/xx unknown
- 1992-11-26 TR TR01151/92A patent/TR27087A/xx unknown
- 1992-11-26 MX MX9206834A patent/MX9206834A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-26 CN CN92114820A patent/CN1043214C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-05-26 BG BG98794A patent/BG61108B1/bg unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2113441T3 (es) | 1998-05-01 |
| CN1073662A (zh) | 1993-06-30 |
| UA41293C2 (uk) | 2001-09-17 |
| JP3373512B2 (ja) | 2003-02-04 |
| CN1043214C (zh) | 1999-05-05 |
| RU2099286C1 (ru) | 1997-12-20 |
| EP0614446A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
| WO1993011071A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
| AU2951792A (en) | 1993-06-28 |
| JPH07507032A (ja) | 1995-08-03 |
| GB9125044D0 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
| EP0614446B1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| TR27087A (tr) | 1994-10-18 |
| DE69221633T2 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
| BG61108B1 (bg) | 1996-11-29 |
| PL171692B1 (pl) | 1997-06-30 |
| AU657376B2 (en) | 1995-03-09 |
| RU94030732A (ru) | 1996-05-27 |
| BG98794A (bg) | 1995-05-31 |
| US5562890A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
| ZA929189B (en) | 1993-05-24 |
| DE69221633D1 (de) | 1997-09-18 |
| MX9206834A (es) | 1994-05-31 |
| BR9206814A (pt) | 1995-10-31 |
| IN181137B (en, 2012) | 1998-04-25 |
| CA2117294A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
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