PL410970A1 - Method for drying and sterilisation in order to reduce storage losses and to reduce uncontrolled greenhouse gas emissions by way of taking advantage of synergies between processes and the equipment for execution of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of drying and sterilization is disclosed, in which part or all of the heat energy necessary for the drying process is generated autogenously from the inside of the material being dried, preferably as a result of exothermic hydration reactions and / or carbonization of alkaline components of the reagents used with the gas leavening additives released in the thermal decomposition processes, preferably carbon dioxide in the presence of nitrogen and / or oxygen and / or water vapor acting as agents for raising and / or displacing moisture from the internal structures of the dried materials and lifting it away from the reaction area. Mixtures of alkaline reagents and leavening additives contain alkaline ingredients in amounts from 5% to 99.9% by weight and raising agents in amounts from 95% to 0.1% by weight. In special applications, only raising agents are used as additives that intensify the drying process. In a variant of the method, the ammonia salts and / or hydrates of alkaline substances released as a result of thermal decomposition of the reactants and leavening substances contained in it are used to simultaneously sterilize dried materials, preferably cereals, slaughter products and / or destroy fungal spores and / or molds in agricultural raw materials . The drying process is carried out under the conditions of reduced pressure generated in the drying devices, preferably by condensation creating a vacuum in the reaction space as a result of condensation of vapors in a condensation chamber connected to the drying chamber in a centrifugal manner. The thermal decomposition process is aided by the heat supplied to the dried material completely or partly by means of microwave radiation. In a further variation of the method, the drying chamber is flushed with carbon dioxide of external origin. In another method variation, the dried and sterilized material is moist and contaminated grain, preferably previously ground, and the process uses a reagent containing only NH4HCO3 ammonium bicarbonate, whose decomposition products at> 60 ° C, especially carbon dioxide and ammonia are removed by known methods drying and sterilization system.