PL18042B1 - A method of producing a fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate. - Google Patents
A method of producing a fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL18042B1 PL18042B1 PL18042A PL1804231A PL18042B1 PL 18042 B1 PL18042 B1 PL 18042B1 PL 18042 A PL18042 A PL 18042A PL 1804231 A PL1804231 A PL 1804231A PL 18042 B1 PL18042 B1 PL 18042B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- sulfuric acid
- products
- fertilizer containing
- containing ammonium
- Prior art date
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- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005039 chemical industry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGVJBLHVMNHENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ca+2] AGVJBLHVMNHENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940055700 calcium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC(C)[NH3+].CCCCCC(C)[NH3+] XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Celem praktycznego zastosowania azo¬ tanu amonowego w przemysle rolniczym proponowano mieszanie go z licznemi pro¬ duktami, jak gips, fosforyty, wapienie, lub innemi solami.Stosowanie tych obojetnych produktów ma jednak te niedogodnosc, ze otrzymywa¬ ny nawóz moze zawierac najwyzej do 20% azotu, gdyz, w przeciwnym razie, taka mie¬ szanina staje sie zbyt higroskopijna, co sta¬ nowi wielka niedogodnosc przy jej stoso¬ waniu.Wedlug niniejszego wynalazku otrzy¬ muje sie mieszanine azotanu amonowego i obojetnego produktu, przyczem zawartosc w niej azotu jest znacznie wyzsza i moze dojsc do 32%.Taki produkt obojetny otrzymuje sie z prostych lub zespolonych krzemianów, be¬ dacych produktami ubocznemi przemyslu metalurgicznego lub powstajacych przy o- trzymywaniu fosforu w piecu zwyklym lub elektrycznym. Tych produktów ubocznych nie mozna stosowac bezposrednio w takim stanie, w jakim sie je otrzymuje, gdyz za¬ wieraja one takie zwiazki, jak wolne wap¬ no, siarczek wapnia lub inne, które, reagu¬ jac z azotanem amonowym, powoduja straty azotu na skutek ulatniania sie amo- njaku.Temu szkodliwemu dzialaniu owych zwiazków nalezy bezwzglednie przeszko¬ dzic.W tym celu proponowano juz, by zuzle Thomas'a badz traktowac kwasem azoto¬ wym a potem chlorkiem potasu, badz siar¬ czanem amonowym i blotem defekacyjnem z cukrowni, badz wreszcie jedynie siarcza¬ nem amonu, przyczem regeneruje sie wy¬ dzielony amonjak.Wedlug niniejszego wynalazku wapno, siarczek wapnia i inne zwiazki, wydzielaja¬ ce amonjak, poddaje sie przemianie przaz traktowanie surowca kwasem siarkowym mocy 60° Be, przyczem celem uzyskania dobrego przebiegu reakcji do kwasu doda¬ je sie odpowiednia ilosc wody.Ilosc kwasu siarkowego, jaka nalezy za¬ stosowac, okresla sie w zaleznosci od ilo¬ sci amonjaku, uwalniajacego sie przy trak¬ towaniu danego produktu roztworem azota¬ nu amonowego. Jasnem jest, ze mozna sto¬ sowac duzy nadmiar kwasu, az do ilosci, potrzebnej do zamiany wszystkich krzemia¬ nów w wolna krzemionke i odpowiedni siarczan.Uwalniajacy sie przytem siarkowodór mozna regenerowac znanemi sposobami.Przy takim sposobie pracy otrzymuje sie produkt latwo lamliwy, kruszacy sie na subtelny proszek, dokladnie mieszajacy sie z azotanem amonowym oraz zapobiegajacy pochlanianiu wody przez ten ostatni, skoro mieszanina ostateczna zawiera nie wiecej od 10% produktu ubocznego. Mieszanie mozna uskuteczniac z suchym azotanem a- monowym lub korzystniej w czasie krysta¬ lizacji plynnego azotanu amonowego, za¬ wierajacego okolo 96% czystego produktu, wreszcie w stanie roztworu stezonego i go¬ racego.Przyklad I. 100 kg zuzla wielkopieco¬ wego, zawierajacego 1,5% siarki pod po¬ stacia CaS, traktuje sie 29 kg kwasu siar¬ kowego mocy 60° Be, rozcienczonego 15 kg wody.Wydzielajacy sie H2S regeneruje sie.Oziebiony produkt lamie sie, przyczem w tym wypadku wystarcza rozdrobnienie, odpowiadajace situ Nr 100, nastepnie mie¬ sza sie go w temperaturze 120^ z azotanem amonowym w stanie stopionym w ilosci do 1300 kg, dzieki czemu w tym wyoadku o- trzymuje sie nawóz o zawartosci 32% azo¬ tu* dajacy sie dostatecznie dobrze przecho¬ wywac i bez trudnosci rozroucac.Dru/k L. Boguslawsk Przyklad II. 100 kg zuzli Thomas'a traktuje sie 34 kg kwasu siarkowego mocy 60^ Be, rozcienczonego 18 kg wody, i otrzy¬ many produkt po rozdrobieniu miesza sie z suchym azotanem amonowym. Przy uzyciu np. 354 kg azotanu amonowego otrzymuje sie nawóz, dajacy sie latwo rozrzucac, do¬ brze przechowywac, zawierajacy przytem 25% azotu i 3% kwasu fosforowego, calko¬ wicie rozpuszczalnego w odczynniku Wagner'a. PLFor the practical application of ammonium nitrate in the agricultural industry, it has been proposed to mix it with numerous products, such as gypsum, phosphate rock, limestone, or other salts. However, the use of these inert products has the disadvantage that the resulting fertilizer may contain up to 20% nitrogen, because otherwise such a mixture becomes too hygroscopic, which is a great inconvenience in its use. According to the present invention a mixture of ammonium nitrate and inert product is obtained, since the nitrogen content in it is significantly higher and can be up to 32%. Such an inert product is obtained from simple or complex silicates, which are byproducts of the metallurgical industry or produced by holding phosphorus in a conventional or electric furnace. These by-products cannot be used directly as they are obtained, since they contain compounds such as free calcium, calcium sulfide or others which react with ammonium nitrate to cause nitrogen loss due to The harmful effects of these compounds must be prevented. For this purpose, it has already been suggested that Thomas should be treated with nitric acid and then with potassium chloride, or with ammonium sulfate and defecation mud from a sugar factory, or finally only with ammonium sulphate, whereby the separated ammonia is regenerated. According to the present invention, lime, calcium sulphide and other compounds which release ammonia are transformed by treating the raw material with sulfuric acid of 60 ° Be in order to obtain a good course. Water is added to the acid in a suitable amount. The amount of sulfuric acid to be used is determined by the amount of ammonia released during the process. treating the product with a solution of ammonium nitrate. It is clear that a large excess of acid can be used, up to the amount needed to convert all the silicates into free silica and the corresponding sulphate. The hydrogen sulphide thus released can be regenerated by known methods. This way of working gives an easily brittle, crumbling product. into a fine powder, thoroughly mixing with ammonium nitrate and preventing the latter from absorbing water, since the final mixture contains no more than 10% by-product. Mixing may be effected with dry ammonium nitrate or, more preferably, during the crystallization of liquid ammonium nitrate containing about 96% pure product, and finally in a concentrated and dry solution. Example 1 100 kg of blast furnace slug containing 1.5% of sulfur in the form of CaS, 29 kg of sulfuric acid of 60 ° Be, diluted with 15 kg of water are treated. The emitted H2S is regenerated. The cooled product breaks, in this case the fragmentation corresponding to the situ no. 100, then it is mixed at a temperature of 120 ° C with ammonium nitrate in a molten state in an amount of up to 1300 kg, thanks to which a fertilizer with 32% of nitrate * that is sufficiently well stored and stored is obtained in this product. without difficulty rozroucac.Dru / k L. Boguslawsk Example II. 100 kg of bad Thomas are treated with 34 kg of sulfuric acid 60% strength, diluted with 18 kg of water, and the obtained product, after grinding, is mixed with dry ammonium nitrate. Using, for example, 354 kg of ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer is obtained which is easy to spread, well stored, and contains 25% nitrogen and 3% phosphoric acid, completely soluble in Wagner's reagent. PL
Claims (4)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL18042B1 true PL18042B1 (en) | 1933-03-31 |
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