PL101814B1 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZER - Google Patents
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZER Download PDFInfo
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- PL101814B1 PL101814B1 PL1976188587A PL18858776A PL101814B1 PL 101814 B1 PL101814 B1 PL 101814B1 PL 1976188587 A PL1976188587 A PL 1976188587A PL 18858776 A PL18858776 A PL 18858776A PL 101814 B1 PL101814 B1 PL 101814B1
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- phosphorus
- manufacturing
- water
- fertilizer
- fertilizers
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarzania nawozu fosforowego z wystepujacych w przyrodzie mi¬ neralów fosforanowo-wapniowych grupy apatytowej. W mineralach tych fosfor wystepuje w postaci nieroz¬ puszczalnych w wodzie i prawie zupelnie nieprzyswajalnych przez rosliny zwiazków o strukturze apatytowej typu A5/PO4/3Z. Proces wytwarzania nawozów fosforowych polega na przeprowadzeniu nierozpuszczalnych w wodzie i nieprzyswajalnych przez rosliny zwiazków fosforu znajdujacych sie w mineralach, w zwiazki przyswa¬ jalne przez rosliny oraz rozpuszczalne w wodzie i w slabych kwasach.The subject of the invention is a process for the production of phosphorus fertilizer from naturally occurring calcium phosphate nals of the apatite group. In these minerals, phosphorus is present in the non-volatile form compounds that are water-soluble and almost completely non-digestible by plants with apatite structure type A5 / PO4 / 3Z. The process of producing phosphorus fertilizers is to carry out insoluble in water and phosphorus compounds that are not absorbed by plants, which are in minerals, plant-friendly, soluble in water and in weak acids.
Jeden z dotychczasowych sposobów wytwarzania nawozów fosforowych polega na spiekaniu w temperatu¬ rze 1100-1200°C surowych fosforytów lub apatytów w piecach obrotowych z soda, wapnem i krzemionka.One of the hitherto methods of producing phosphorus fertilizers consists in sintering at the temperature of 1100-1200 ° C raw phosphate rock or apatite in rotary kilns with soda, lime and silica.
Wytworzony klinkier miele sie nastepnie w mlynach kulowych. Otrzymane termofosfaty znane pod nazwa handlowa jako tomasyna lub supertomasyna zawieraja glównie krzemofosforan wapniowy, nierozpuszczalny w wodzie, który dopiero po wydzieleniu przez korzenie roslinne kwasów organicznych zostaje przetworzony w postac przyswajalna. W zwiazku z tym tomasyna i supertomasyna sa nawozami, które rozsiewa sie juz jesienia.The clinker produced is then ground in ball mills. The obtained thermophosphates known by the name commercially available as tomasin or supertomassin contain mainly calcium silicophosphate, insoluble in water, which is processed only after the release of organic acids by the plant roots in an absorbable form. As a result, Thomas and supertomasyna are fertilizers that are already spreading in autumn.
Innym powszechnie stosowanym sposobem wytwarzania nawozów fosforowych jest sposób wytwarzania superfosfatu prostego, polegajacy na traktowaniu znajdujacego sie w mineralach nierozpuszczalnego w wodzie fosforanu trójwapniowego wodnym roztworem kwasu siarkowego o stezeniu w granicach 62-70%, Wlasciwy proces produkcyjny wymaga zatem wytworzenia najpierw kwasu siarkowego z reguly metoda kontaktowa, zmagazynowania go i rozcienczenia do zadanego stezenia. Surowiec fosforowy przed rozpoczeciem procesu produkcyjnego dokladnie miele sie w mlynie kulowym, a nastepnie miesza sie z kwasem siarkowym w mieszalniku i wprowadza do komory produkcyjnej, w której pod dzialaniem kwasu siarkowego nastepuje przemiana nierozpuszczalnego w wodzie fosforanu trójwapniowego w postac rozpuszczalna w wodzie z jedno¬ czesnym utworzeniem gipsu. W tym czasie masa reakcyjna krzepnie. Po wysuszeniu rozdrabnia sie ja i ewentual¬ nie granuluje, otrzymujac gotowy nawóz wysiewany wczesna wiosna do roslin szybkorosnacych. W sposobie tym w wyniku reakcji kwasu siarkowego z surowcem fosforowym okolo 5% fosforu zawartego w surowcu przechodzi w nierozpuszczalne w wodzie, a rozpuszczalne w slabych kwasach dwu-trój-cztero- i wyzej skondensowane fosfo¬ rany lancuchowe oraz pierscieniowe metafosforany, natomiast ponad 90% fosforu zawartego w surowcu przecho¬ dzi w fosforan jedno wapniowy, dobrze rozpuszczalny w wodzie.2 101814 Nierozpuszczalne w wodzie skladniki nawozowe superfosfatu dzieki powolnemu rozpuszczaniu sie w kwa¬ sach stanowia najcenniejszy skladnik tego nawozu, poniewaz przez dlugi czas zasilaja w fosfor przypowierzchnio¬ wa warstwe gleby. Sa one wykorzystywane przez rosliny w 90%, natomiast, jak wynika z publikacji M.Niklewski, EWenglikowska: Prace naukowe WSE we Wroclawiu, Wroclaw 1968 r., 108 wykorzystanie przez rosliny zwiazków fosforu rozpuszczalnych w wodzie siega zaledwie 15-26%. Wynika stad, ze ponad 75% fosforu zawarte¬ go w superfosfacie prostym wytworzonym metoda mokra, ze wzgledu na swa rozpuszczalnosc w wodzie marnuje sie bezuzytecznie i jest badz splukiwany przez opady atmosferyczne z pól, badz tez ulega procesowi retrogra- dacji. Te sama wysoce ujemna wlasciwosc ma równiez tzw. superfosfat potrójny, bardziej skoncentrowany od superfosfatu prostego, a wytwarzany przez dzialanie wodnego roztworu kwasu fosforowego na surowiec fosfo¬ rowy.Another commonly used method of making phosphorus fertilizers is the production method simple superphosphate, consisting in the treatment of water-insoluble minerals tricalcium phosphate with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid with a concentration in the range of 62-70%, A proper production process therefore requires first producing the sulfuric acid by the usual method contact, storing it and diluting it to the desired concentration. Phosphorus raw material before starting the production process is thoroughly ground in a ball mill and then mixed with sulfuric acid in the mixer and introduced into the production chamber, where it occurs under the action of sulfuric acid conversion of the water-insoluble tricalcium phosphate into a water-soluble form with a monohydrate early plaster formation. During this time, the reaction mass solidifies. After drying, it is ground up and, if necessary, does not granulate, getting ready fertilizer sown in early spring for fast-growing plants. In this way as a result of the reaction of sulfuric acid with phosphorus raw material, about 5% of the phosphorus contained in the raw material passes in water-insoluble, and weak acid-soluble two-three-four and higher condensed phospho chain wounds and ring metaphosphates, while over 90% of the phosphorus contained in the raw material is stored mono-calcium phosphate, easily soluble in water.2 101814 Water-insoluble superphosphate fertilizers due to slow dissolution in acid succ is the most valuable component of this fertilizer, because they supply the surface with phosphorus for a long time a layer of soil. They are used by plants in 90%, while, according to the publication of M. Niklewski, EWenglikowska: Scientific work of FEZ in Wroclaw, Wroclaw 1968, 108 use by plants Water-soluble phosphorus compounds only reaches 15-26%. It follows that over 75% of phosphorus is present it in simple superphosphate produced by wet method, due to its solubility in water it wastes becomes useless and is washed away by precipitation from the fields, or undergoes a retrographic process dation. The same highly negative property also has the so-called triple superphosphate, more concentrated than simple superphosphate, and produced by the action of an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid on the raw material phospho ditches.
Okazalo sie, ze z surowców mineralnych mozna wytworzyc nawóz fosforowy w sposób prostszy, nie wymagajacy stosowania zarówno wysokich temperatur, jak w metodzie termicznej oraz wodnego roztworu kwasu siarkowego czy fosforowego, jak w metodach mokrych produkcji superfosfatu.It turned out that from mineral resources it is possible to make phosphorus fertilizer in a simpler way, no requiring the use of both high temperatures, as well as thermal method and aqueous acid solution sulfur or phosphorus as in wet superphosphate production.
Sposób wytwarzania nawozu fosforowego z surowców mineralnych wedlug wynalazku polega na traktowa¬ niu surowców mineralnych, takich jak apatyt i fosforyt gazowym trójtlenkiem siarki ewentualnie w mieszaninie z innymi gazami.The method of producing phosphorus fertilizer from mineral raw materials according to the invention is a treatment the use of minerals such as apatite and phosphate rock with sulfur trioxide gas, optionally in a mixture with other gases.
Do produkcji nawozów fosforowych wedlug wynalazku stosuje sie mineralne surowce fosforowe o dowol¬ nym skladzie, róznej wilgotnosci poczatkowej i róznej granulacji. Stosowany gazowy trójtlenek siarki moze pochodzic z dowolnego zródla i moze byc zmieszany z powietrzem, dwutlenkiem siarki, azotem, tlenemi inny¬ mi gazami obojetnymi.According to the invention, phosphorus mineral raw materials of any size are used for the production of phosphorus fertilizers different composition, different initial moisture content and different granulation. The gaseous sulfur trioxide used can come from any source and may be mixed with air, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and other m and with inert gases.
Wedlug wynalazku surowy mineral miele sie i suszy, a nastepnie poddaje dzialaniu gazu reakcyjnego.According to the invention, the raw mineral is ground and dried and then treated with a reaction gas.
W czasie zetkniecia sie trójtlenku siarki zawartego w gazach z ziarnami surowca zawierajacego fosfor nastepuje reakcja, w wyniku której otrzymuje sie nierozpuszczalne w wodzie dwu-trój- i czterofosforany wapnia oraz wyzej skondensowane fosforany liniowe i lnetafosforany. Po oddzieleniu gazów produkt reakcji w postaci sypkiego, niehigroskopijnego i niezbrylajacego sie proszku stanowi gotowy do uzytku nawóz fosforowy.During contact of sulfur trioxide contained in gases with grains of the raw material containing phosphorus, reaction to obtain water-insoluble calcium di- and tetraphosphates, and above condensed linear phosphates and l-metaphosphates. After separation of gases, the reaction product is in a loose form non-hygroscopic and non-caking powder is a ready-to-use phosphorus fertilizer.
Ponad 90% fosforu zawartego w tak wytwarzanym nawozie przyswajaja rosliny dzieki temu, ze fosfor wystepuje w postaci zwiazków nierozpuszczalnych w wodzie, natomiast rozpuszczalnych w slabych kwasach.More than 90% of the phosphorus contained in the fertilizer thus produced assimilate plants due to the fact that phosphorus It occurs in the form of compounds insoluble in water, but soluble in weak acids.
Stopien wykorzystania przez rosliny fosforu zawartego w nawozie fosforowym otrzymanym sposobem wedlug wynalazku jest wiec ponad trzykrotnie wyzszy od stopnia wykorzystania fosforu zawartego w superfosfa- >cie prostym i potrójnym.The degree of utilization by plants of phosphorus contained in the phosphorus fertilizer obtained by the method according to the invention, it is more than three times higher than the degree of utilization of phosphorus contained in superphosphate > simple and triple.
Przedmiot wynalazku jest blizej objasniony w przykladzie wykonania.The subject of the invention is explained in more detail in an embodiment example.
Przyklad. Do mlyna pierscieniowego wprowadza sie 11 surowego fosforytu i miele do granulacji poni¬ zej 0,2 mm. Nastepnie surowiec suszy sie w temperaturze 350-450°C w suszarni bebnowej ogrzewanej gazami ze spalania mazutu. Temperatura gazów wychodzacych wynosi 120-150°C. Wysuszony material w ilosci 865 kg zawierajacy ponizej 1% wody podaje sie bezposrednio z suszarni do reaktora fluidalnego, w którym nastepuje zetkniecie sie z trójtlenkiem siarki wprowadzonym w mieszaninie z tlenem i azotem w stosunku objetosciowym jak 10:18:72 w ilosci 1150 N m3. Temperatura wprowadzanego do reaktora gazu wynosi 300-350°C, a sredni czas reakcji 20-30 sekund. Nastepnie material chlodzi sie w bebnie chlodzacym i przekazuje do zbiornika magazyno¬ wego skad przesypuje sie do worków. Otrzymuje sie 1248 kg nawozu fosforowego w postaci suchego, niezbryla¬ jacego sie i niehigroskopijnego proszku o skladzie wagowym: fosfor, w przeliczeniu na P205 - 23,5% (w tym 2% rozpuszczalnego w wodzie, 19,4% rozpuszczalnego w 2% kwasie cytrynowym); CaO - 37,2%, S03-34,l%, ^ Si02 - 0,61%, Hl203 - 0,31%, Fe203 - 0,08%, MgO - 0,12%, K20 + Na20 - 0,96%, F - 1,6%, U - 0,003%, * H20 - 0,4%, wolne kwasy - brak.Example. 11 of raw phosphate rock is introduced into the ring mill and ground to granulate the bottom lower 0.2 mm. Then the raw material is dried at a temperature of 350-450 ° C in a drum dryer heated with ze gas burning mazut. The temperature of the outgoing gases is 120-150 ° C. The dried material in the amount of 865 kg water containing less than 1% is fed directly from the dryer to the fluidized bed reactor, where the contact with sulfur trioxide introduced in a mixture with oxygen and nitrogen in the ratio by volume as 10:18:72 in the amount of 1150 N m3. The temperature of the gas introduced into the reactor is 300-350 ° C, and the average time response time 20-30 seconds. The material is then cooled in a cooling drum and transferred to a storage tank where it is poured into bags. 1248 kg of phosphorus fertilizer are obtained in the form of dry, non-clumping mixed and non-hygroscopic powder with the following composition by weight: phosphorus, calculated as P205 - 23.5% (including 2% water-soluble 19.4% soluble in 2% citric acid); CaO - 37.2%, SO3-34.1%, <RTI ID = 0.0> SiO2 - 0.61%, Hl203 - 0.31%, Fe203 - 0.08%, MgO - 0.12%, K20 + Na20 - 0.96%, F - 1.6%, U - 0.003%, * H20 - 0.4%, free acids - none.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL1976188587A PL101814B1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1976-04-08 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZER |
SU772463651A SU849996A3 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-03-28 | Method of producing phosphorous fertilizer |
GB13332/77A GB1570947A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-03-30 | Method of producing calcium phosphates |
DE19772714211 DE2714211A1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-03-30 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS |
BE176317A BE853114A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-03-31 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED |
EG183/77A EG12736A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-03 | Process for production of the phosphatic fertilizer |
ES457542A ES457542A1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-05 | Method of producing calcium phosphates |
IT48835/77A IT1115905B (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-05 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZER |
FR7710283A FR2347324A1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-05 | PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER PRODUCTION PROCESS |
CS772279A CS197290B2 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-06 | Process for preparing photosphatic fertilizers |
DD7700198273A DD129122A5 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-06 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHATE DYENERS |
OA56130A OA05626A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-07 | Phosphate fertilizer production process |
NL7703828A NL7703828A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-07 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER. |
HU77PO643A HU176308B (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-08 | Process for producing phosphate-fertilizers |
JP4026777A JPS52122564A (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1977-04-08 | Process for producing phosphate fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL1976188587A PL101814B1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1976-04-08 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZER |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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PL101814B1 true PL101814B1 (en) | 1979-02-28 |
Family
ID=19976319
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PL1976188587A PL101814B1 (en) | 1976-04-08 | 1976-04-08 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZERS METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PHOSPHOROUS FERTILIZER |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS52122564A (en) |
BE (1) | BE853114A (en) |
CS (1) | CS197290B2 (en) |
DD (1) | DD129122A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2714211A1 (en) |
EG (1) | EG12736A (en) |
ES (1) | ES457542A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2347324A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1570947A (en) |
HU (1) | HU176308B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1115905B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7703828A (en) |
OA (1) | OA05626A (en) |
PL (1) | PL101814B1 (en) |
SU (1) | SU849996A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112938917A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京大学 | Preparation method of efficient nano-phosphate fertilizer and nano-phosphate fertilizer |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4501724A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1985-02-26 | Goers Associates Inc. | Method for the wet process manufacture of phosphoric acid |
DE102015115119A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-09 | Wehrle-Werk Ag | Process for phosphorus recovery |
-
1976
- 1976-04-08 PL PL1976188587A patent/PL101814B1/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-03-28 SU SU772463651A patent/SU849996A3/en active
- 1977-03-30 GB GB13332/77A patent/GB1570947A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-30 DE DE19772714211 patent/DE2714211A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-03-31 BE BE176317A patent/BE853114A/en unknown
- 1977-04-03 EG EG183/77A patent/EG12736A/en active
- 1977-04-05 FR FR7710283A patent/FR2347324A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-04-05 ES ES457542A patent/ES457542A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-05 IT IT48835/77A patent/IT1115905B/en active
- 1977-04-06 DD DD7700198273A patent/DD129122A5/en unknown
- 1977-04-06 CS CS772279A patent/CS197290B2/en unknown
- 1977-04-07 NL NL7703828A patent/NL7703828A/en active Search and Examination
- 1977-04-07 OA OA56130A patent/OA05626A/en unknown
- 1977-04-08 HU HU77PO643A patent/HU176308B/en unknown
- 1977-04-08 JP JP4026777A patent/JPS52122564A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112938917A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京大学 | Preparation method of efficient nano-phosphate fertilizer and nano-phosphate fertilizer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES457542A1 (en) | 1978-08-16 |
SU849996A3 (en) | 1981-07-23 |
EG12736A (en) | 1980-07-31 |
OA05626A (en) | 1981-04-30 |
BE853114A (en) | 1977-07-18 |
JPS5437119B2 (en) | 1979-11-13 |
IT1115905B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
GB1570947A (en) | 1980-07-09 |
CS197290B2 (en) | 1980-04-30 |
FR2347324A1 (en) | 1977-11-04 |
JPS52122564A (en) | 1977-10-14 |
NL7703828A (en) | 1977-10-11 |
DE2714211A1 (en) | 1977-10-20 |
HU176308B (en) | 1981-01-28 |
DD129122A5 (en) | 1977-12-28 |
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