NO853504L - PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A PERCUTANT ANAESTHETIC PREPARATION. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A PERCUTANT ANAESTHETIC PREPARATION.Info
- Publication number
- NO853504L NO853504L NO853504A NO853504A NO853504L NO 853504 L NO853504 L NO 853504L NO 853504 A NO853504 A NO 853504A NO 853504 A NO853504 A NO 853504A NO 853504 L NO853504 L NO 853504L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- amethocaine
- calculated
- gel
- skin
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 10
- GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracaine Chemical compound CCCCNC1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCN(C)C)C=C1 GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229960002372 tetracaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001949 anaesthesia Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001631 carbomer Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008311 hydrophilic ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000929 nociceptor Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003193 general anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002690 local anesthesia Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091008700 nociceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000037368 penetrate the skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/06—Ointments; Bases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/235—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
- A61K31/24—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group having an amino or nitro group
- A61K31/245—Amino benzoic acid types, e.g. procaine, novocaine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
Abstract
Description
Denne oppfinnelse angår fremstilling av amethocain-hol-"dige preparater. This invention relates to the production of amethocain-containing preparations.
Amethocain (2-dimethyl-aminoethyl-p-butyl-aminobenzoat) benyttes i topiske preparater for å oppnå overflate-anaesthesia. Forsøk på å frembringe topisk, percutan anaesthesia, Amethocaine (2-dimethyl-aminoethyl-p-butyl-aminobenzoate) is used in topical preparations to achieve surface anaesthesia. Attempts to produce topical, percutan anesthesia,
hvor det anaesthetiske middel skal trenge gjennom stratum corneum, har vært beheftet med flere ulemper: where the anesthetic must penetrate the stratum corneum, has been subject to several disadvantages:
1) det har vært nødvendig med høye konsentrasjoner av legemid-let (inntil 33% ), v 2) de tidligere kjente preparater har gitt uaksepterbare bivirkninger;3) de tidligere kjente preparater krevet anvendelse av tettende forbindinger. 1) it has been necessary to use high concentrations of the drug (up to 33%), v 2) the previously known preparations have produced unacceptable side effects; 3) the previously known preparations required the use of sealing dressings.
4) Med de tidligere kjente preparater tok det lang tid å4) With the previously known preparations it took a long time to
å oppnå effektiv percutan anaesthesia.to achieve effective percutan anesthesia.
Hittil er amethocain blitt dispergert i ethanol eller isopropylalkohol (45%), glycerin (10%) og vann (45%) eller en hydrofil salve (95%) eller petrolatum (95%) eller DMSO (dimethylsulfoxyd). Preparatene inneholdende ethanol eller isopropylalkohol, glycerin og vann har tendens til å være meget mobile, og det er derfor vanskelig å avgrense behand-lingsstedet. Dessuten er stabiliteten av disse oppløsninger begrenset. De øvrige preparater er beheftet med den samme ulempe. Preparater inneholdende hydrofil salve eller petrolatum forsinker igangsettingen av den anaesthetiske virkning, mens preparater inneholdende DMSO medfører smertefull oppbry-ting av hudoverflaten. To date, amethocain has been dispersed in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol (45%), glycerin (10%) and water (45%) or a hydrophilic ointment (95%) or petrolatum (95%) or DMSO (dimethylsulfoxyd). Preparations containing ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, glycerin and water tend to be very mobile, and it is therefore difficult to define the treatment site. Moreover, the stability of these solutions is limited. The other preparations are subject to the same disadvantage. Preparations containing hydrophilic ointment or petrolatum delay the initiation of the anesthetic effect, while preparations containing DMSO cause painful breakdown of the skin surface.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen kan det nu fremstillesAccording to the invention, it can now be produced
et preparat for topisk påføring, omfattende amethocain, et vandig geleringsmiddel og vann - som gelene dannes i - i hvilket preparat amethocainet praktisk talt fullstendig utgjør den diskontinuerlige faste fase. I dette preparat beskyttes amethocainet mot hydrolyse under lagring, men når preparatet påføres huden, smelter amethocainet, hvorved det blir tilgjen-gelig for sorpsjon. a preparation for topical application comprising amethocaine, an aqueous gelling agent and water - in which the gels are formed - in which preparation the amethocaine constitutes practically entirely the discontinuous solid phase. In this preparation, the amethocaine is protected against hydrolysis during storage, but when the preparation is applied to the skin, the amethocaine melts, whereby it becomes available for sorption.
I henhold til et annet aspekt av oppfinnelsen fremstilles et preparat for anvendelse som et topisk, percutant ana esthetisk middel, omfattende en anaesthetisk forbindelse, et vandig geleringsmiddel for stabilisering av den anaesthetiske forbindelse og vann, idet preparatet er slik at ved bruk vil den anaesthetiske forbindelse smelte og dispergeres gjennom hele gelen, hvorved inntrengningen fremmes. According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation for use as a topical, percutaneous anesthetic agent is prepared, comprising an anesthetic compound, an aqueous gelling agent for stabilizing the anesthetic compound and water, the preparation being such that when used, the anesthetic compound will melt and disperse throughout the gel, thereby promoting penetration.
Topisk percutan anaesthesia kan således oppnås vedTopical percutaneous anesthesia can thus be achieved by
at en effektiv mengde av det ovenfor beskrevne preparat på-føres på et intakt hudområde. that an effective amount of the preparation described above is applied to an intact skin area.
Ved hjelp av oppfinnelsen tilveiebrignes et amethocain-holdig preparat som sprer seg lite eller ikke i det hele tatt etter påføringen på hudoverflaten. Preparatet beskyttes gjennom påføring av en egnet ikke-absorberende forbinding (tettende eller ikke tettende), og det tillates å være i kontakt med huden i minst 20 minutter. Deretter fjernes forbindingen og det påførte preparat, før det kirurgiske inngrep finner sted. Preparatet gir en anaesthetisk virkning som går tilstrekkelig dypt til å blokkere de underliggende noci-ceptorer (smertereseptorer) og muliggjør således smertefrie hudtransplantasjoner i full hudtykkelse, gjennomtrengning av huden med injeksjonsnåler (f. eks. punktur av vener) og andre slike mindre kirurgiske inngrep. Ved hjelp av preparatet blir det unødvendig under slike forhold å benytte lokal bedøvelse frembragt ved infiltrering, og preparatet kan lett påføres av ikke-medisinsk personell. With the help of the invention, an amethocaine-containing preparation is provided which spreads little or not at all after application to the skin surface. The preparation is protected by applying a suitable non-absorbent dressing (sealing or non-sealing), and it is allowed to be in contact with the skin for at least 20 minutes. The dressing and the applied preparation are then removed before the surgical intervention takes place. The preparation provides an anesthetic effect that goes deep enough to block the underlying nociceptors (pain receptors) and thus enables painless skin transplants in full skin thickness, penetration of the skin with injection needles (e.g. puncture of veins) and other such minor surgical interventions. With the help of the preparation, it becomes unnecessary under such conditions to use local anesthesia produced by infiltration, and the preparation can be easily applied by non-medical personnel.
Det nye amethocain-holdige preparat for oppnåelse av topisk percutan anaesthesia kan innholdet 1-7%, fortrinnsvis 4%, amethocain, dispergert i en vandig gel såsom 0,5-2% carbomer eller 3-10% methylcellulose og 81-94,5% vann, idet prosent-mengdene er regnet på vektbasis, beregnet på totalvekten av preparatet.-Amethocainpulveret fordeles gjennom hele gelen, som ikke må inneholde noen utenfra tilført lipofil fase. Den store krys tallstruktur i grunnmassen av viskøs gel stabiliserer amethocainet ved å forsinke oppløsningen av dette og følgelig den alkaliske hydrolyse av estergruppen, forutsatt at en tem-peratur på 30°C ikke overskrides. Amethocain smelter ved ca. 41°C, men i preparatet nedsettes dets smeltepunkt til 30-30°C. Hudtemperaturen er vanligvis ca. 32°C. Når preparatet påføres hudoverflaten, smelter de store amethocainkrystaller gradvis, og de dispergeres som små oljedråper i gelen. Amethocainet blir derfor tilstede i molekylær form, og forutsatt at det ikke er tilstede noen lipofil fase har disse oljedråper en meget sterk evne til å trenge inn i huden og de underliggende strukturer. Tilstedeværelse av utenfra tilførte lipofile faser vil kreve økede konsentrasjoner av amethocain for at en til-svarende terapeutisk virkning skal kunne oppnås. Det er ikke nødvendig å innlemme noe konserveringsmiddel i preparatet, The new amethocain-containing preparation for obtaining topical percutaneous anesthesia can contain 1-7%, preferably 4%, amethocain, dispersed in an aqueous gel such as 0.5-2% carbomer or 3-10% methylcellulose and 81-94.5 % water, as the percentage amounts are calculated on a weight basis, calculated on the total weight of the preparation. - The amethocaine powder is distributed throughout the gel, which must not contain any externally added lipophilic phase. The large cross-sectional structure in the base mass of viscous gel stabilizes the amethocaine by delaying its dissolution and consequently the alkaline hydrolysis of the ester group, provided that a temperature of 30°C is not exceeded. Amethocaine melts at approx. 41°C, but in the preparation its melting point is lowered to 30-30°C. The skin temperature is usually approx. 32°C. When the preparation is applied to the skin surface, the large amethocaine crystals gradually melt, and they are dispersed as small oil droplets in the gel. The amethocaine is therefore present in molecular form, and provided that no lipophilic phase is present, these oil droplets have a very strong ability to penetrate the skin and the underlying structures. The presence of externally supplied lipophilic phases will require increased concentrations of amethocaine in order for a corresponding therapeutic effect to be achieved. It is not necessary to incorporate any preservative into the preparation,
da amethocainet har iboende antimikrobielle egenskaper. as the amethocaine has inherent antimicrobial properties.
Preparatet kan fremstilles på i og for seg konvensjonell måte. Således kan amethocainet settes til den fremstilte carbo-mergel eller methylcellulosegel og det hele blandes grundig. Alternativt kan natriumsaltet av carbomeren fremstilles i henhold til produsentens instruksjoner. I dette tilfelle kan preparatet fremstilles på samme måte som ovenfor beskrevet, eller amethocainet kan settes til og dispergeres i vann, hvoretter natriumsaltet av carbopol tilsettes og preparatet blandes grundig inntil gelen er blitt dannet. The preparation can be prepared in a conventional manner per se. Thus, the amethocaine can be added to the prepared carbo-mergel or methylcellulose gel and the whole is thoroughly mixed. Alternatively, the sodium salt of the carbomer can be prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. In this case, the preparation can be prepared in the same way as described above, or the amethocaine can be added and dispersed in water, after which the sodium salt of carbopol is added and the preparation is thoroughly mixed until the gel has been formed.
Preparatet ifølge oppfinnelsen er lett å spre utover huden og lett å fjerne fra huden, og det etterlater ikke noe fettlag på hudoverflaten, fordi preparatet er fremstilt på vandig basis . The preparation according to the invention is easy to spread over the skin and easy to remove from the skin, and it does not leave any fat layer on the skin surface, because the preparation is made on an aqueous basis.
Nedenfor illustreres noen foretrukne preparater fremstilt i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Some preferred preparations produced according to the invention are illustrated below.
Eksempel 1Example 1
De følgende bestanddeler blandes sammen på den ovenfor beskrevne måte: The following components are mixed together in the manner described above:
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Preparatet ifølge oppfinnelsen påføres på intakt hud som et tykt belegg som så beskyttes med en ikke-absorberende forbinding. Preparatet holdes å på plass i et tidsrom av fra 20 minutter til 1 time, fortrinnsvis i 30 minutter, hvoretter forbindingen og preparatet kan fjernes. En fullstendig bedø-velse kan ha funnet sted på dette tidspunkt, eller det kan kreves ytterligere noen tid (inntil 50 minutter), varierende noe fra tilfelle til tilfelle. Den anaesthetiske virkning ved-varer i 2-8 timer, idet også varigheten varierer fra tilfelle til tilfelle. The preparation according to the invention is applied to intact skin as a thick coating which is then protected with a non-absorbent dressing. The preparation is kept in place for a period of from 20 minutes to 1 hour, preferably for 30 minutes, after which the dressing and the preparation can be removed. A complete anesthetic may have taken place at this point, or some additional time (up to 50 minutes) may be required, varying somewhat from case to case. The anesthetic effect lasts for 2-8 hours, as the duration also varies from case to case.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08422759A GB2163956B (en) | 1984-09-08 | 1984-09-08 | Percutaneous anaesthetic composition for topical application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO853504L true NO853504L (en) | 1986-03-10 |
Family
ID=10566481
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO853504A NO853504L (en) | 1984-09-08 | 1985-09-06 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A PERCUTANT ANAESTHETIC PREPARATION. |
Country Status (31)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0175609B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6185316A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR860002267A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE73352T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU581246B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE903186A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH666815A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS261887B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD236876A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3531002A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK406785A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI853416L (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2569982B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2163956B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR852142B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU193611B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL76092A0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN165072B (en) |
| IS (1) | IS3035A7 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1182854B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU86068A1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA20519A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO853504L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ213325A (en) |
| OA (1) | OA08158A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH21731A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL255285A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT81079B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA856501B (en) |
| ZM (1) | ZM6185A1 (en) |
| ZW (1) | ZW14285A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8712518D0 (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1987-07-01 | Univ Belfast | Unit-dose film composition |
| GB8729855D0 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1988-02-03 | Drythanol Ltd | New dithranol compositions |
| GB9101986D0 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1991-03-13 | Smith & Nephew | Pharmaceutical compositions |
| SE9402453D0 (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1994-07-12 | Astra Ab | New pharmaceutical preparation |
| US6245347B1 (en) | 1995-07-28 | 2001-06-12 | Zars, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for improved administration of pharmaceutically active compounds |
| US6284266B1 (en) | 1995-07-28 | 2001-09-04 | Zars, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for improved administration of fentanyl and sufentanil |
| US5658583A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1997-08-19 | Zhang; Jie | Apparatus and methods for improved noninvasive dermal administration of pharmaceuticals |
| US6955819B2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2005-10-18 | Zars, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for using controlled heat to regulate transdermal and controlled release delivery of fentanyl, other analgesics, and other medical substances |
| US6453648B1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2002-09-24 | Zars, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a heat generating apparatus |
| US6261595B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-07-17 | Zars, Inc. | Transdermal drug patch with attached pocket for controlled heating device |
| KR20030083316A (en) * | 2002-04-20 | 2003-10-30 | 김성수 | Solid lidocaine pharmaceutical for local anesthesia of pharynx |
| ES2388355T3 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2012-10-11 | Durect Corporation | Transdemic delivery systems comprising bupivacaine |
| CN102427792A (en) | 2009-05-04 | 2012-04-25 | 扎斯制药公司 | Methods of treating pains associated with neuroma, nerve entrapment, and other conditions |
| US9186334B2 (en) | 2009-05-04 | 2015-11-17 | Nuvo Research Inc. | Heat assisted lidocaine and tetracaine for transdermal analgesia |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB633062A (en) * | 1945-02-01 | 1949-12-12 | Benjamin Clayton | Improvements in or relating to ointment bases |
| GB948838A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1964-02-05 | Lucien Harnist | Hemorrhoidal compositions containing topical anesthetics |
| US3337406A (en) * | 1963-12-12 | 1967-08-22 | Mar Sal Inc | Treatment of arteriosclerotic diseases |
| SE387536B (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1976-09-13 | Astra Laekemedel Ab | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A LOCAL AESTHETIC PREPARATION |
| DE2413143A1 (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1975-10-09 | Inst Chimii Drevesiny Akademii | Local anaesthetic soln or ointment - contains high molecular deriv of para-amino-benzoic acid 2-diethyl-amino ethyl ester hydrochloride |
| JPS5467022A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-05-30 | Toko Yakuhin Kogyo Kk | Topical agent and production thereof |
| SE7713618L (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1979-06-02 | Astra Laekemedel Ab | LOCAL ANESTHETIC MIXTURE |
| DE3234350A1 (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-03-22 | Roland 3400 Göttingen Hemmann | Process for the preparation of a germicidal and surface-anaesthetic medicinal composition |
-
1984
- 1984-09-08 GB GB08422759A patent/GB2163956B/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-08-13 IS IS3035A patent/IS3035A7/en unknown
- 1985-08-14 IL IL76092A patent/IL76092A0/en unknown
- 1985-08-16 IN IN643/MAS/85A patent/IN165072B/en unknown
- 1985-08-26 PH PH32693A patent/PH21731A/en unknown
- 1985-08-27 ZA ZA856501A patent/ZA856501B/en unknown
- 1985-08-30 DE DE19853531002 patent/DE3531002A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-09-02 NZ NZ213325A patent/NZ213325A/en unknown
- 1985-09-03 PT PT81079A patent/PT81079B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-03 AU AU47006/85A patent/AU581246B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-09-04 ZW ZW142/85A patent/ZW14285A1/en unknown
- 1985-09-04 LU LU86068A patent/LU86068A1/en unknown
- 1985-09-04 KR KR1019850006446A patent/KR860002267A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-09-04 GR GR852142A patent/GR852142B/el unknown
- 1985-09-05 IT IT48529/85A patent/IT1182854B/en active
- 1985-09-05 EP EP85401721A patent/EP0175609B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-05 BE BE0/215548A patent/BE903186A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-05 ZM ZM61/85A patent/ZM6185A1/en unknown
- 1985-09-05 DD DD85280366A patent/DD236876A5/en unknown
- 1985-09-05 AT AT85401721T patent/ATE73352T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-05 DE DE8585401721T patent/DE3585580D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1985-09-05 FR FR8513184A patent/FR2569982B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-05 CS CS856356A patent/CS261887B2/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 PL PL25528585A patent/PL255285A1/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 NO NO853504A patent/NO853504L/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 DK DK406785A patent/DK406785A/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 CH CH3849/85A patent/CH666815A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-06 OA OA58673A patent/OA08158A/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 HU HU853378A patent/HU193611B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-06 MA MA20745A patent/MA20519A1/en unknown
- 1985-09-06 FI FI853416A patent/FI853416L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-09-06 JP JP60197484A patent/JPS6185316A/en active Pending
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