NO833406L - SUPPORT DEVICE FOR VIDEO DEVICE IN A TV STAND - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to pumps and more particularly hydraulic ones

pumps for well production.

It has been common for many years to use hydraulic pumps for oil production. Where the pump is fixed in the well close to the producing formation, switching valves have usually been used to switch drive fluid to opposite sides of the drive piston which causes the production piston's forward and backward movement. This type of pump has the immediate disadvantage that it.

is dependent on a complicated valve mechanism which is generally expensive. and exposed to wear, which limits the time the pump can function in the well.

Recently, pumps have been used where the diverter valves have been eliminated. In one of these pumps supplied by Kobe, Inc., Houston, Texas, a driving piston is raised which in turn raises a gravity fluid in the above casing. When the force on the drive fluid is removed, the gravity fluid brings the drive piston back to its lower position.

In another recently discovered embodiment, Baker Packers, Houston, Texas, supplies a pump in which a drive fluid raises a drive piston under which the piston stores -energy in a spring device for returning the drive piston..The special spring device which.

• used by Baker is a gas charge. Although these pumps have eliminated the need for diverter valves, they still have several

■disadvantages. As the lifting force is produced either by means of a spring device or by means of gravity fluid, the lifting force is largely fixed and it is difficult to change. the magnitude of the force which. supplied to the pump for adaptation to changed conditions at the well.. Ved. Baker's pump type, where one uses

a gas charge, leakage past the drive piston seals will lead to a loss of lifting power.

In both of the above pump types, the drive fluid and the production fluid are one and the same. same fluid.. The drive fluid cannot therefore be used

as- a thinner and there. the production fluid is very viscous, greater pumping power is required to operate the pump.

Where production fluid is used as a drive fluid, it must be treated before it flows through the surface pumping system in order to '. remove sand, paraffin and water, etc. which could damage the surface pump system.

An object of this invention is to ■ provide a hydraulic pump intended for use: in a borehole that does not use diverting valves where the well fluid is lifted by the application of drive fluid to a drive piston and where, - when the power from the surface pumping equipment is removed from the drive fluid, the different areas vog fluids to which they are exposed causes a force to be exerted on the drive piston to move, it- in the opposite direction.

Another purpose is to provide a hydraulic pump of the above type where an area on the pump and production pistons

is exposed to the difference between the force exerted by the hydrostatic pressure in the fluid being produced and the pressure at the bottom of the well to move the drive and production pistons in one direction.

Another purpose is to provide a hydraulic pump of the kind that does not use diverting valves. where a pump fluid is used that has a lower weight than the production fluid

■and where the drive piston is moved in one direction by means of the force from the drive fluid and in the other direction by means of the weight difference between the production and drive fluid, which is exerted through the hydrostatic pressure in the fluid above the pump.

Another purpose is to provide a hydraulic pump of the kind that does not use switching valves, where the drive fluid and the production fluids are separated and the drive fluid can be used as a diluent for the production fluids.

Another purpose is to provide a well pump of the type that does not use changeover valves. where light oil can be used as drive fluid to reduce the system's energy requirements compared to a system where more viscous production fluids are used as drive fluids...

Another purpose is to provide a hydraulic pump of the kind that does not need changeover valves, where leakage past the seals will not affect the pump as compensating fluid is added to the driving fluid at the surface.

Another purpose is to provide a hydraulic pump of the kind that does not use change-over valves, where the force acting on the drive fluid can be varied to adapt to varying well conditions.

Other purposes, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the drawings, description and claims.

In the drawings, which show embodiments of this invention

neise, the same reference number is used for equal parts.

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of this invention in connection with the production of fluid through the production pipe, and the figure shows the surface pump and the pump's driving piston during the pressure relief stroke. - Figure 2 is a schematic view similar to Figure 1, which shows the piston unit in Figure 1 during the drive stroke, and the figure also shows a dosing opening for injecting part of the drive fluid into the production fluid as a diluent. . Figure -3 is a. schematic diagram similar to Figure 1, except that the system is modified for the introduction of drive fluid through the pro- . the induction pipe and production through the casing. Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D are continuous views, partly in section, showing in elevation the receiver nipple and the pump according to this invention arranged for production through the production pipe. Figure 5A and. 5B shows in elevation section of a modified . execution of the construction. shown in Figures 4A, - 4B, 4C and 4D where the receiver nipple and pump have been converted for production through the feed pipe.

The pump in fig. 1 is shown for production through the production pipe.

A casing 10 is formed with perforations 11 at it. producing formation. A production pipe 1'2 has at its lower end a stop valve 13 for letting in the fluid i pump. One gasket 14 seals the annulus between the casing'. and the production pipe above the production formation 11.,

The pump comprises a housing 15 which can have any desired shape and which can be an extension of the production pipe as shown in figure 1 or can be placed in a receiver nipple as shown in figures 4 and 5.

Inside the housing 15 there is a hydraulic cylinder 16 in which a drive cylinder 17 is arranged for reciprocating movement. In the housing there is also a production cylinder 18 containing a production piston 19.

The two pistons 17 and 19 are rigidly connected so that they are moved as a unit by means of the connecting rod 21. The two

■cylinders 16 and 18 are separated by a wall 22 through which for-. ■ the connecting rod 21 extends and a suitable seal 23 seals against the connecting rod. The production cylinder 18 has at its main end an inlet 24 in which the stem valve 13 is arranged so that fluid from the formation 11 can flow through the inlet 24 and the stand valve .13 into the production cylinder 18.

The production piston -19 is equipped with a travel valve 25 which controls the flow of fluid through the piston 19. The travel valve acts in the usual way to allow flow past the piston during the downward movement of the production piston 19 and to prevent flow during the upward movement of the piston 19.

One drive fluid inlet 26 is designed in the rod end of the drive cylinder 16. This inlet communicates with the annulus 27a between the production pipe and the casing, and allows fluid flow to and from the cylinder 16 rod end.

To control the application of drive fluid through the inlet 26, a pump, generally indicated at 27, at the surface is moved back and forth by means of a drive device, generally indicated at 28, in any desired manner. E.g. a crank arm may be arranged on a motor to move the pump piston 29

back and forth at a speed which. can be regulated by an operator; With this system, drive fluid in the annulus 27' will be introduced through the port 26 in. in the rod end of the cylinder 16 to drive the piston 17 upwards to its uppermost position. When then the pump piston 29 moves in the direction of the arrow, i.e. towards the drive device, the pressure will be removed from the casing annulus and the drive fluid in the rod end of the drive cylinder 16 will only be exposed to the force of the hydrostatic fluid pressure in the annulus 27A.

A production fluid outlet 31 is formed in the rod end of the production cylinder. According to the preferred embodiment of this invention, the outlet is also equipped with a stop valve 32 which will isolate the production cylinder from the production pipe pressure as the production cylinder 2'9 is moved downwards.

The main end of the drive cylinder is connected to the production pipe via a channel 3.3. As shown. the outlet 31 is connected to the production pipe via a conduit 34.

The way the pump works is as shown in figures 1 and 2.

In Figure 2, the pump piston 29 pressurizes the casing annulus and forces drive fluid through the inlet 26 into the rod end of the cylinder 16 to thereby lift the drive and production pistons upwards as indicated by arrow. As the piston rises towards, the force exerted by the hydrostatic fluid pressure in the production pipe acts on the main end of the drive piston 17 as well as on the rod end of the production piston 19. Formation fluid acts on the head end of the production piston to force the piston upwards and sufficient force is exerted by the pump 27 with the assistance of the formation pressure on the production piston, to force the driving and production pistons upwards thereby lifting well fluids in the production pipe to the surface. When the surface pump 27 ends its drive stroke and goes back, as shown in Figure 1, the pressure exerted by the pump on the casing/production pipe ring space 27a is removed, and this force no longer acts on the drive piston 17 rod.

If you use a light oil as 'drive fluid,. the stand valve 32 in the outlet from the production cylinder 18 can be bypassed if desired. In this case, the production pipe pressure will equalize above the production piston as it moves downwards and pressure fluid in the main end of the production cylinder 18 flows through the travel valve 25. There will thus be a net upward production pressure force on the area of the connecting rod 21. This force is balanced by the production pipe pressure which acts downwards on the main end of the piston 17 over the same area. When the 17th main end of the piston over the rest of the area is exposed to the difference between the production pipe pressure and the light oil driving fluid, a net downward force occurs due to the weight difference between the production pipe and the driving fluid, which causes the pistons. 17 and 19 are moved downwards.

In its preferred form, the stand valve 32 is utilized in the outlet from the rod end of the production cylinder to isolate the production piston. 19 from the production pipe pressure during its downward movement.

In this case, the production cylinder 19 will be exposed to the formation or bottomhole pressure on both sides, and the bottomhole pressure will act with a resulting upward force on the connecting rod's 21 area. As this bottom hole pressure is always much less than the production pipe pressure, the production pipe pressure acting over the area of the connecting rod 21 on the main end of the drive piston 17 will force the drive piston downwards even though the production fluid and the drive fluid have approximately the same weight. On. in this way, the piston 19 is moved 'forward' and back in dependence on the forward and backward movement of the pump 29 see, for. thereby lifting;

formation fluid through the production pipe to the surface.

"As shown in Figure 2, a drain 35 can be arranged in any desired area, e.g. through the drive piston -17, for gradually releasing part of the drive fluid into the production fluid to thereby act as a thinning valve. Another convenient location for a drain would be through the gasket 14 if it is desired to dilute the production fluid prior to that. when ..the pump .•

In Figure 3, the pump is shown arranged for production through the casing/production pipe annulus 27a. • The pump is of the same construction as shown in figure 1, except that the channels and. the ports are different. Bypass no '34 mouths' reaching into the drive cylinder's 1.6 rod end at the inlet 34a. The top of the pump is sealed off from the product ion pipe by means of an element 36, and a port 37 connects the main end of the cylinder 16 with the annulus 27a. The outlet from the rod end of the production cylinder is now connected to the annulus 27a through the gate, 38. The construction and operation of the pump are the same, the only difference is the connection to the production pipe and the annulus to effect production through the casing.• This is desirable when pumping highly viscous fluids, as the larger annulus between casing and production pipe will reduce f riks ionic resistance to fluid flow-.but..

In Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, the pump is shown as a wire-operated structure adapted to be received in a receiving nipple specially designed for the pump. ' The type of pump shown is of a type that produces through the production pipe.

The receiving nipple is made up of pipe sections 39, 40, 41 and 42 which are interconnected by couplings 43, 44 and 45.'

A cam 46 designed with a gate opening is arranged on the upper pipe section 39 and a cam 47 designed with a gate opening is arranged on the collar 44. Between these two cams designed with a gate opening is a bypass pipe 48 which has the same function as the bypass pipe 34 in figure 1. The upper end of the pipe 39 is designed to be attached to a pipe string and is open below the cam 46, providing access for pipe fluid to the drive piston in the same way as in figure 1 .

For the introduction of drive fluid into the pump, the receiving nipple is equipped with an inlet port 49 in the coupling 44 which corresponds to the port

26'in figure. 1, to lead drive fluid to the pump.

The pump is at all times exposed to a negative impact

force due to the relative areas and fluid pressure acting on the pump. All that is needed to support the pump is therefore a. attachment in the receiving nipple, 'and . for this purpose, the receiving nipple, on the upper end of the lower tube section 42, is designed at 51 with a shoulder to support it. the pump in the receiving nipple.

The pump comprises a housing which is screwed together from several parts. At the top, the pump housing comprises a 1 recovery or extraction section 52 'which is screwed into a bypass sleeve 53 and holds in place the seal 54 which seals between the pump and the pipe. 39. Under the bypass piece 53 there is an adapter piece 55 which is screwed into the drive cylinder 56. Under the drive cylinder 56 is an adapter piece 57 which is attached to the non-return valve housing 58. Under the non-return valve housing 58 is an adapter piece 59 in which the production cylinder 61 is suspended. The production cylinder's lower end is attached to the stand valve housing 62 which in turn is attached to the attachment piece 63; A seal retainer' 64 at the lower end of the pump completes the housing.

When it comes to the sealing means between the housing and the receiving nipple, the upper seal 54 was previously mentioned. Below the drive fluid inlet 49, a seal 65 is arranged which seals between the pump and the receiving nipple. The seal 66 seals between the nipple and the pump immediately below the cam 47. At the lower end of the pump, a seal 67 seals between the receiving nipple and the pump housing.

The piston 68 in the drive cylinder 56 has a suitable seal. 69 for sealing. against the cylinder wall. The drive piston is mounted on the connecting rod 71 which in turn is connected to the production piston 72 which is displaceably arranged in the production cylinder 61 and sealed against this by means of a suitable seal 73.

A non-return valve which consists of a rubber sleeve 74 which encloses a section 58a of the part 58 formed with a port opening, acts as a stop valve, corresponding to the stop valve 3 2 in figure 1 at the outlet of the production cylinder to protect the production piston against the hydrostatic fluid pressure in the pipe below the production piston downward movement.

The production piston 72 carries a traveling valve 75 which corresponds to the traveling valve 25 in the production piston in Figure 1.

At the lower end of the housing in the area of the collar 45, the stand valve 76 is attached, which corresponds to the stand valve 13 in Figure 1, for controlling the input to the production cylinder.

In the top collar 43 there is arranged a bypass sleeve 77 which cooperates with a port 78 in the collar 43 for steering

of ■fluid flow through this port. When the pump is pulled, it is. upper pipe section 39 polished bore, a short distance above the gasket ■ 54 and there it should not be difficult to pull the pump. If difficulties are expected, however, the lowering tool can be designed to guide the sleeve 77 downwards for opening

of the port 78 and creation of a bypass to avoid one, pressure lock at the seal 54. They. other seals are immediately moved into areas with a larger diameter and -, there. no problem is expected to occur in the direction of pressure blocking which interferes with pulling of the pump as a result of the other seals.

To support the pump in the receiving nipple, the lower collar 4 5 has an extension 6 3 which forms a downward facing. abutment for installation against the abutment 5T on the lower pipe 42.

The pump shown in figure 4 works in the same way as previously - explained in connection with figure 1. The drive piston is shown approximately in its uppermost position, and as the pressure is removed from the fluid in the annulus between the supply pipe and the production pipe, it moves .pistons 68 and 72 downwards. As a non-return valve is arranged at the output of the production cylinder, the area at the upper end of the connecting rod 71 will be exposed to the force exerted by the hydrostatic fluid pressure in the production pipe. which is counteracted from below due to the fact that the same area is exposed to the bottom hole pressure, which is much lower than the production pipe pressure. If the pump fluid used is lighter than the production fluid, there will be an additional force acting on the drive piston which moves the piston to its lowest position and thereby fills the area in the production cylinder above the production piston with fluid to be pumped and moves the drive piston to its lowest position When the casing/production pipe annulus is then pressurized, through the inlet 49 and the port 79 which leads into

the star side of the drive cylinder 56 acts, an upward force that forces the drive piston upwards. During the upward movement of the piston. fluid, which is contained by the hydraulic fluid 75'.. in the rod side of the production cylinder, will flow through slits 81 and back

the impact valve 74 to the lower cam 47. Production fluid will then flow up through bypass 48 and the upper cam 46 into the upper end of the pump and then through the production pipe to the surface.

Figures 5A and 5B show how the pump is modified to provide production' through the conduit as in figure 3. The for.rbi guide piece '53 is replaced by a by-pass guide piece 82 which is closed. at its lower end to thereby seal off the upper end of the drive cylinder inner cleaner 56 against production fluid. Adaptation piece 55

is replaced with an adapter .83 which has a port 84 which places annulus fluid in communication with the top of the drive piston. The fluid reaches the top of the drive piston through a port 85 which is formed in the receiving nipple.

In Figure 5B, the bypass cam 47 is replaced by a new one. lower bypass cam 86 which is located at ..a higher level

and communicate with. the drive piston's rod end through the port 87. Drive fluid which is injected down through the production tube thus flows through the bypass tube 48 and the cam' 86 to the port.

87 and acts on the rod side of the drive piston. The receiving nipple is equipped with a port 88 which communicates with the non-return valve which is formed by the sleeve 74 and fluid from the production cylinder's rod flows through the port 8'8 inside the annulus to be lifted to the surface. The modified

The pump shown in figures 5A and 5B corresponds to the pump shown in figure 3 for production in the casing/production pipe annulus. The modified pump's mode of operation is the same as explained in connection with Figure 3.

The above description of the invention is only. intended to visualize and explain, this, and various changes in size, shape and materials, as well as in the details of.' the construction shown can be carried out within the framework of the accompanying requirements without deviating from the inventive concept.

Claims (9)

1. Hydraulic pump comprising a housing, a drive cylinder in the housing, a drive piston in the drive cylinder, a production cylinder in the housing, a production piston in the production cylinder, a 'connecting rod' which forms a connecting link between the pistons, a production fluid inlet to the main end of the production cylinder, a stop valve in the production fluid inlet, a travel valve in the production piston, a drive fluid inlet in the drive •■ the rod end of the cylinder, and a production fluid outlet in the housing connected to the main end of the drive cylinder and to the rod end of the production cylinder.- 2. Pump according to, claim 1, .k a r a' k t e r i s. e r t . in that a stop valve is arranged in the production fluid outlet from the rod end of the production cylinder. 3. Pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is combined with a drive pump before alternately forcing hydraulic fluid into the drive fluid inlet and removing drive pump power from fluid in the drive fluid inlet to thereby allow the drive piston to lead drive fluid out of the drive cylinder's rod end. 4.. Pump, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is combined with a pair of pipelines that extend .upwards from the pump, with one of the pipelines connected to the drive fluid inlet and the other connected to the production . the fluid outlet, and that one drive pump is connected to the one pipeline and alternately forces hydraulic fluid into the drive fluid inlet and removes drive pump power from the fluid in the drive fluid inlet to thereby allow the drive piston to lead drive fluid out of the drive cylinder's rod end. 5.. Pump according to requirements. 1 or 2, characterized in that it is combined with a pair of pipelines that extend upwards from the pump, one of the pipelines being connected to the driving fluid inlet and the other being connected to the production fluid outlet, and a driving fluid that is lighter than the production fluid the fluid. 6. Pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that sealing members are arranged around the outside of the housing, and support members are arranged on the housing: in combination with a receiving nipple which has support members for engagement with said pump support members and carries the pump, a polished bore section for receiving, of the sealing means-, and a bypass channel extending from a point above the pump to a first point to form fluid chamber communication with the output cylinder rod end or to another point to form fluid communication with the drive cylinder rod end, the nipple with bypass extending to ■'the first point has a port which creates a fluid connection with the rod end of the drive cylinder and while the passage extending to the second point has ports which communicate with the drive. the main end of the cylinder and the rod end of the product ion cylinder'.. 7-. Hydraulic pump comprising a housing, a 'drive cylinder' in the housing, a drive piston in the drive cylinder, a production cylinder in the housing, a production piston in the production cylinder, a connecting rod which forms a rigid connection between the pistons, a production fluid inlet to. the main or rod end of the production cylinder, a stop valve in the production fluid inlet, a travel valve in the production piston, a drive fluid inlet in the drive cylinder rod end, and - a production fluid outlet in the housing connected .with the main end of the drive cylinder and to the other end of the rod or main end of the production cylinder.. 8. Pump according to claim 7, characterized in that ■ a stop valve is arranged in the production fluid outlet from the cover the ion cylinder. 9. Pump according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that a communicating drainage device. is arranged between the drive fluid inlet and the production fluid outlet to release drive fluid into the production fluid and dilute it.