NO760610L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO760610L NO760610L NO760610A NO760610A NO760610L NO 760610 L NO760610 L NO 760610L NO 760610 A NO760610 A NO 760610A NO 760610 A NO760610 A NO 760610A NO 760610 L NO760610 L NO 760610L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- water
- gasification
- mixture
- suspension
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/24—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/14—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by applying pressure, e.g. wringing; by brushing; by wiping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåteThe present invention relates to a method
for fjerning av vann fra en blanding i det vesentlige bestående av forgassningskull og vann. Med forgassningskull menes her det kull som oppnås ved forgassningsprosesser kjent i teknikkens stand ved fremstilling av gassblandinger inneholdende karbon-monoksyd og hydrogen ved ufullstendig forbrenning av tunge hydrokarboner ved hjelp av oksygenholdige gasser. for the removal of water from a mixture consisting essentially of gasification coal and water. By gasification coal is meant here the coal obtained by gasification processes known in the state of the art in the production of gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen by incomplete combustion of heavy hydrocarbons with the help of oxygen-containing gases.
Kjente forgassningsprosesser er blant annet Shell-forgassningsprosessen og Texaco-forgassningsprosessen'. Known gasification processes include the Shell gasification process and the Texaco gasification process'.
Disse prosesser er f.eks. beskrevet i "Hydrocarbon Processing", vol. 46, nr. 11 (1967 Petrochemical Handbook Issue), november 1967, side 227; i "Industrial and Engineering Chemistry", vol. 48, nr. 1, side 1118-1122; i de britiske patenter nr. 73^-^75 og 780.120; samt i amerikansk patent nr. 2.914.418. These processes are e.g. described in "Hydrocarbon Processing", vol. 46, No. 11 (1967 Petrochemical Handbook Issue), November 1967, page 227; in "Industrial and Engineering Chemistry", vol. 48, No. 1, pages 1118-1122; in British Patent Nos. 73^-75 and 780,120; as well as in US Patent No. 2,914,418.
Det forgassningskull som fremstilles ved disse kjente prosesser har et overflateareal, bestemt ved BET-metoden, på 600-1500 m /g, et mikroporevolum (^-metoden) på 0,8-4 ml/g, The gasification coal produced by these known processes has a surface area, determined by the BET method, of 600-1500 m /g, a micropore volume (^-method) of 0.8-4 ml/g,
et makroporevolum (Hg-porøsimeter) på 1,5-5 ml/g og en oljeabsorbsjon.på 2-6 ml/g. a macropore volume (Hg porosity meter) of 1.5-5 ml/g and an oil absorption of 2-6 ml/g.
I forgassningsprosessen blir forgassningskullet vanligvis separert fra den resulterende gassblanding ved gjen-nomføring av en vasking f.eks. ved hjelp av et vannteppe, noe som vanligvis resulterer i dannelse av en vandig suspensjon inneholdende. 0,3-4 vekt-$ f orgassningskull. I praksis blir forgassningskullet deretter separert fra vannet, på den ene side for å gjøre det mulig å resirkulere eller å kassere vannet og på den annen side for å gjenvinne kullet, hvilket jo har verdifulle egenskaper og kan anvendes f.eks. som absorbsjons-kull. Ved separering av forgassningskullet fra vann, benyttes vanligvis et vannublandbart oppløsningsmiddel, f.eks. toluen eller en mineralolje.. In the gasification process, the gasification coal is usually separated from the resulting gas mixture by carrying out a washing, e.g. by means of a water blanket, which usually results in the formation of an aqueous suspension containing. 0.3-4 weight-$ f orgasification coal. In practice, the gasification coal is then separated from the water, on the one hand to make it possible to recycle or discard the water and on the other hand to recover the coal, which has valuable properties and can be used e.g. as absorption coal. When separating the gasification coal from water, a water-immiscible solvent is usually used, e.g. toluene or a mineral oil..
Etter at vannet er separert, blir blandingen av oppløsningsmidlet og agglomeratene av sot som dannes deri deretter spaltet' opp til de to komponenter■ved fordamping av opp-løsningsmidlet. Slike prosesser er f.eks. beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 741.135. Manglene ved disse prosesser er den høye brennbarhet og eksplosjonsrisikoen for oppløsningsmidlet, de vanlige oppløsningsmiddeltap og det faktum at en effektiv vask-, ing av de resulterende kullagglomerater ikke på enkel måte kan'innarbeides i prosessen. Videre krever disse prosesser relativt høye kapitalutgifter og driftsomkostninger. After the water is separated, the mixture of the solvent and the agglomerates of soot formed therein are then split up into the two components by evaporation of the solvent. Such processes are e.g. described in British Patent No. 741,135. The shortcomings of these processes are the high flammability and explosion risk of the solvent, the usual solvent losses and the fact that an effective washing of the resulting coal agglomerates cannot be easily incorporated into the process. Furthermore, these processes require relatively high capital expenditure and operating costs.
I praksis har man i mangel av bedre prosesser tilIn practice, in the absence of better processes,
nu gjort det ytterste for å begrense de foreliggende risiki, ved den nuværende metode, og likeledes også å begrense tapet av opp-løsningsmiddel ved å ivareta de strengeste forhåndsregler. I litteraturen har det vært foreslått å fortykke en kullsuspensjon' mekanisk, f.eks. ved sedimentering, sentrifugering eller filtrering, noe som resulterer i en pasta som inneholder kun 6-10 vekt-% kull, noe som imidlertid kun kan, gjennomføres ved bruk av relativt store mengder additiver (se f.eks. nederlandsk patent-søknad nr. 7.203.046). Etter granulering blir denne kullpasta tørket ytterligere ved fordamping av vann, f.eks. i en strøm av varmluft. En mangel ved denne metode er imidlertid at den fører til et høyt energiforbruk pr. kg kull. En annen mangel er at det er meget vanskelig å fortykke en vandig suspensjon av forgassningskull til en tilfredsstillende kullkonsentrasjon ved sedimentering, sentrifugering eller■filtrering, under trykk eller uten trykk; dette angår spesielt suspensjoner av forgassningskull med et overflateareal på minst 600 m /g (BET). now done the utmost to limit the risks present, by the current method, and likewise also to limit the loss of solvent by taking care of the strictest precautions. In the literature, it has been proposed to thicken a coal suspension mechanically, e.g. by sedimentation, centrifugation or filtration, which results in a paste containing only 6-10% coal by weight, which, however, can only be carried out using relatively large amounts of additives (see e.g. Dutch patent application no. 7,203,046). After granulation, this coal paste is further dried by evaporation of water, e.g. in a stream of hot air. A shortcoming of this method, however, is that it leads to a high energy consumption per kg coal. Another shortcoming is that it is very difficult to thicken an aqueous suspension of gasification coal to a satisfactory coal concentration by sedimentation, centrifugation or filtration, under pressure or without pressure; this particularly concerns suspensions of gasification coal with a surface area of at least 600 m /g (BET).
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåteThe present invention relates to a method
for mekanisk fortykning av en vandig kullsuspensjon til en kull-konsentras j on på f.eks. 12-25 ' vekt-%, noe som gir et kullkonsen-trat som på vanlig måte kan opparbeidet til et hvilket som helst formet produkt. Delvis på grunn av det faktum at kullsuspensjon-en kan fortykkes til en konsentrasjon som er fra 2 til 4 ganger høyere enn det som tidligere er oppnådd, vil man oppnå en be-tydelig innsparing i energi i det at det må fordampes meget mindre vann. for mechanical thickening of an aqueous coal suspension to a coal concentration of e.g. 12-25 % by weight, which gives a coal concentrate which can be processed into any shaped product in the usual way. Partly due to the fact that the coal suspension can be thickened to a concentration that is from 2 to 4 times higher than what has previously been achieved, a significant saving in energy will be achieved in that much less water must be evaporated.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen karakteriseres ved at blandingen dynamisk presses ut ved hjelp av en båndfil terpresse og at det pr. syklus av filterbåndene mellom hvilke kull-vannblandingen befinner seg skiftes retning flere ganger i en vinkel på minst 90°, og at minst ett av båndene er vannpermeabelt. Fortrinnsvis skifter båndene retning 3-50 ganger, helst 5-20 ganger. The method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the mixture is dynamically pressed out using a belt filter press and that per cycle of the filter belts between which the coal-water mixture is located is changed direction several times at an angle of at least 90°, and that at least one of the belts is water permeable. Preferably, the bands change direction 3-50 times, preferably 5-20 times.
Ved dynamisk utpressing .menes her en prosess der kullpartiklene omleires slik at de inntar i det vesentlige, forskjellige stillinger i forhold til hverandre under innvirkning av forskjellig rettede skjærkrefter. By dynamic extrusion is meant here a process in which the coal particles are rearranged so that they take essentially different positions in relation to each other under the influence of differently directed shear forces.
Filterpressen slik den anvendes for forskjellige andre formål er ikke funnet å være egnet til bruk ved foreliggende prosess. En skruepresse, f.eks. en dobbeltskruepresse, er imidlertid heller ikke funnet tilfredsstillende i praksis fordi den finmaskede veggsikt kan tettes igjen selvom man for et kort tidsrom kan oppnå en tilfredsstillende fortykningseffekt. Bruken av en slik sikt er imidlertid nødvendig fordi det ellers bygges opp kun et utilstrekkelig trykk til å fortykke den vann-rike kull-vannblanding til den ønskede kullkonsentrasjon. The filter press as it is used for various other purposes has not been found to be suitable for use in the present process. A screw press, e.g. a twin-screw press, however, has also not been found to be satisfactory in practice because the fine-mesh wall screen can become clogged even though a satisfactory thickening effect can be achieved for a short period of time. However, the use of such a sieve is necessary because otherwise only insufficient pressure is built up to thicken the water-rich coal-water mixture to the desired coal concentration.
Før den vandige kullsuspensjon konsentreres i henhold til fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan den under-kastes en forbehandling, men dette er vanligvis ikke nødvendig. En mulig forbehandling er en flokkulering fulgt av en dekanter-ing og/eller filtrering ved'bruk av f.eks. et vakuumfilter, en separator eller en dekanteringsinnretning. Hvis ønskelig,'kan forbehandlingen og fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen gjennom-føres i en og samme apparatur.. Before the aqueous coal suspension is concentrated according to the method according to the invention, it can be subjected to a pre-treatment, but this is not usually necessary. A possible pre-treatment is a flocculation followed by a decantation and/or filtration using e.g. a vacuum filter, a separator or a decanter. If desired, the pretreatment and the method according to the invention can be carried out in one and the same apparatus.
Kullkonsentrasjonen i suspensjonene som skal for-tykket i henhold til fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, er vanligvis innen området fra 0,2-10 vekt-% og fortrinnsvis innen området 0,5-5 vekt-%. Ved disse konsentrasjoner er suspensjonene som ska-1 benyttes flytende eller i form av en pasta. The carbon concentration in the suspensions to be thickened according to the method according to the invention is usually within the range of 0.2-10% by weight and preferably within the range of 0.5-5% by weight. At these concentrations, the suspensions to be used are liquid or in the form of a paste.
En fordel ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er at kullinassen som kommer ut fra den dynamiske utpressings-apparatur har en slik konsistens at denne lett kan granuleres eller formes på annen måte. En annen fordel er at det opp-nådde granulat har en tilstrekkelig formstabilitet til å motstå mekanisk transport og det kan tørkes i en stasjonær eller bevegelig ovn uten deformering eller klumping av granulatet under disse behandlinger. Det resulterende granulat er videre av tilstrekkelig, formstabilitet til å tjene som formkull uten nødvendigheten av ytterligere behandling.. An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the coal ash that comes out of the dynamic pressing apparatus has such a consistency that it can easily be granulated or shaped in another way. Another advantage is that the obtained granulate has a sufficient shape stability to withstand mechanical transport and it can be dried in a stationary or mobile oven without deformation or clumping of the granulate during these treatments. The resulting granules are furthermore of sufficient shape stability to serve as mold coal without the necessity of further treatment.
En videre fordel er at det resulterende kullkon-sentrat hvis ønskelig, både før, under og etter den dynamiske utpressing, kan renses på enkel måte. Til slutt gir fremgangsmåten i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse den fordel at det ikke er nødvendig med additiver slik som bindemidler eller flokkuleringsmidler som tilsetning til massen av vann og kull. A further advantage is that the resulting coal concentrate, if desired, both before, during and after the dynamic pressing, can be cleaned in a simple way. Finally, the method according to the present invention provides the advantage that additives such as binders or flocculating agents are not required as an addition to the mass of water and coal.
EksempelExample
Til en båndfilterpresse (Bellmer-Winkle) ble det matet en 2 vekt-%-ig vandig suspensjon av forgassningskull i en mengde på 600 l/time. Pr. syklus skiftet filterbåndene som var chargert med suspensjonen retning fire ganger i en vinkel på l80° og to ganger en vinkel på 145°• Forgassningskullet ble oppnådd ved partielloksydasjon av bunker C-olje og hadde et overflateareal etter BET-metoden på 950 m 2/g, et mikroporevolum etter ^-metoden på 1,8 ml/g, et makroporevolum bestemt med Hg-porøsimeter på 332 ml/g og en oljeabsorbsjon på 3,2 ml/g. Fra pressen ble det per. time oppnådd 75 kg av en vann-kullmasse med en kullkonsentrasjon' på 16 vekt-% og omkring 525 liter vann som så og si ikke'inneholdt noe kull. Forgassningskullet som ble oppnådd etter full tørking av det resulterende granulat, hadde en porøsitet og et overflateareal som ikke' skilte seg fra tilsvarende verdier for kullet i utgangssuspensjonen. Pressen kan drives kontinuerlig- i minst 300 dager uten vanske-lighet. For sammenligningens skyld ble. den 2 vekt-%-ige vandige suspensjon matet til en 4000 g kontinuerlig plateseparator, men det ble kuri oppnådd en økning av kullkonsentrasjonen i suspen- . sjonen til 3,3 vekt-%. For sammenligningens skyld ble den ovenfor angitte suspensjon videre matet til en dobbeltskrue-. presse (Stord-Bartz, Norge). Innen en time etter matingen vat påbegynt, i løpet av hvilket tidsrom det ble oppnådd en vann-kullblanding med en kullkonsentrasjon på 12 vekt-%, var skruepressen tettet igjen og måtte taes ut av drift. A 2% by weight aqueous suspension of gasification coal was fed to a belt filter press (Bellmer-Winkle) in a quantity of 600 l/hour. Per cycle, the filter belts charged with the suspension changed direction four times at an angle of l80° and twice at an angle of 145° • The gasification coal was obtained by partial oxidation of Bunker C oil and had a surface area according to the BET method of 950 m 2 /g, a micropore volume according to the ^ method of 1.8 ml/g, a macropore volume determined with a Hg porosimeter of 332 ml/g and an oil absorption of 3.2 ml/g. From the press it became per. hour obtained 75 kg of a water-coal mass with a coal concentration of 16% by weight and about 525 liters of water which practically did not contain any coal. The gasification coal obtained after full drying of the resulting granules had a porosity and a surface area which did not differ from corresponding values for the coal in the starting suspension. The press can be operated continuously for at least 300 days without difficulty. For the sake of comparison, the 2% by weight aqueous suspension was fed to a 4000 g continuous plate separator, but an increase in the coal concentration in the suspension was achieved. tion to 3.3% by weight. For the sake of comparison, the above-mentioned suspension was further fed to a twin screw-. press (Stord-Bartz, Norway). Within an hour after the feeding of the vat began, during which time a water-coal mixture with a coal concentration of 12% by weight was obtained, the screw press was clogged again and had to be taken out of service.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL7502190A NL7502190A (en) | 1975-02-25 | 1975-02-25 | PROCEDURE FOR THE MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF WATER FROM A MIXTURE MAINLY CONSISTING OF GASIFICATION COAL AND WATER. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO760610L true NO760610L (en) | 1976-08-26 |
Family
ID=19823247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO760610A NO760610L (en) | 1975-02-25 | 1976-02-24 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS51109902A (en) |
AU (1) | AU503687B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE838856A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1037770A (en) |
CS (1) | CS198101B2 (en) |
CU (1) | CU34472A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2606098A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES445495A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2302125A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1508393A (en) |
IN (1) | IN144714B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7502190A (en) |
NO (1) | NO760610L (en) |
SE (1) | SE7602212L (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA761080B (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL68314C (en) * | ||||
GB191007109A (en) * | 1910-03-22 | 1911-02-23 | William Reid | Improvements in Filtering or Straining Apparatus for Separating Liquids and Solids. |
GB131788A (en) * | 1918-11-01 | 1919-09-04 | Cuthbert Burnett | A New or Improved Mode of or Means for Extracting Water or other Liquids from Washed Coal and the like, particularly applicable for Fine Coal for Coking. |
GB222221A (en) * | 1923-06-29 | 1924-09-29 | Louis Albert Wood | Improvements in or relating to de-watering coal |
-
1975
- 1975-02-25 NL NL7502190A patent/NL7502190A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1976
- 1976-02-16 DE DE19762606098 patent/DE2606098A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-02-20 IN IN303/CAL/76A patent/IN144714B/en unknown
- 1976-02-20 GB GB6811/76A patent/GB1508393A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-23 FR FR7604938A patent/FR2302125A1/en active Granted
- 1976-02-23 CS CS761177A patent/CS198101B2/en unknown
- 1976-02-24 SE SE7602212A patent/SE7602212L/en unknown
- 1976-02-24 ZA ZA761080A patent/ZA761080B/en unknown
- 1976-02-24 CA CA246,501A patent/CA1037770A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-24 ES ES445495A patent/ES445495A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-24 BE BE164562A patent/BE838856A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-24 CU CU34472A patent/CU34472A/en unknown
- 1976-02-24 JP JP51019361A patent/JPS51109902A/ja active Pending
- 1976-02-24 NO NO760610A patent/NO760610L/no unknown
- 1976-02-25 AU AU11417/76A patent/AU503687B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA761080B (en) | 1977-02-23 |
CU34472A (en) | 1980-10-30 |
ES445495A1 (en) | 1977-06-01 |
SE7602212L (en) | 1976-08-26 |
FR2302125B1 (en) | 1980-02-29 |
AU1141776A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
GB1508393A (en) | 1978-04-26 |
DE2606098A1 (en) | 1976-09-02 |
CA1037770A (en) | 1978-09-05 |
FR2302125A1 (en) | 1976-09-24 |
AU503687B2 (en) | 1979-09-13 |
NL7502190A (en) | 1976-08-27 |
CS198101B2 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
JPS51109902A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
IN144714B (en) | 1978-06-24 |
BE838856A (en) | 1976-06-16 |
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