NO744199L - - Google Patents

Description

Procedure for the production of floor coverings with built-in heating sloyfers.

The present invention relates to a method for producing primarily plate-shaped building elements with built-in heating coils of the type electrical conductors or hot water pipes. The method according to the invention is primarily intended to be used for the production of floor coverings directly on the construction site, but can also be used for more factory-style production of plate-shaped building elements provided with built-in heat sinks.

The procedure for heating homes, offices, etc. with the help of heating elements built into the floor and possibly also into the walls, it is considered to provide a very comfortable indoor climate, as this type of heating eliminates the risks of drafts

from these surfaces.

In the production of floor coverings with built-in heat sloyfers, mar>- has so far used primarily two different methods. According to the first method, the heat sloifs are stuffed into a conventional floor mass consisting of a spreadable mortar which is more or less manually spread over the heat sloifs and the surface of which is leveled and smoothed and supplied with any surface coating. This method is very labour-intensive and requires access to skilled labor in order for the floor surface to have an acceptable surface smoothness and flatness. In this case, the flooring technique is also to a certain extent decisive for the minimum distance that can be allowed between the heating sloifs. The distance cannot be made smaller than that the floor mass can be packed between them so that no voids occur.

According to the second, hitherto common method, the heating sloifs are placed in ready-made grooves in factory-made base plates that are spread over the subfloor. The base plates are then covered with cover plates and preferably a wear coating, e.g. a full-covering carpet that hides the joints between the cover plates. The method is relatively quick and can also be carried out by untrained labour, but the heat transfer between the heating sloifs and the floor covering is made difficult by poor direct contact between the heating sloifs and the cover plates. The heating ducts will also lie relatively deep below the floor surface, which is why the heated floor volume will be large. This in turn means that heated floors of this type have a high heat capacity and that the heating system as such has a not insignificant inertia which makes it difficult to fine-tune the room temperature quickly. An advantage of the method, however, is that it can also be used when drawing thermal insulation in walls.

The present invention aims at a substantially less labor-intensive method than the methods described above. The method according to the invention also provides an incomparably better contact between the heating sloifs and the coating material, which to a high degree

.facilitates the heating island lining and thereby increases the heating economy and

In the jpossibility of quickly fine-tuning the room temperature by e.g. weather forecast etc. Another significant advantage is that the heated floor volume can be reduced by placing the heating coils closer to the floor's surface. The laying technique itself also does not determine the distance between the heating sloifs. If desired, these can even be laid in several layers arranged one above the other. The improved heat transfer and the ability to lay the heating pipes relatively close and closer to the floor surface and, if desired, in several layers, can be used when heating with hot-water-filled pipes to lower the original temperature of the circulating hot water without the heating effect being reduced for this reason.

IN

In the method according to the invention which is defined in the following claims, the heating coils are arranged on or in one or more horizontal planes above an at least approximately horizontally flat surface, which can consist of a base insulation for a house without a basement, a joist layer in a house, a stop shape etc. The flattened surface is then limited on the sides so that a defined space is formed which in length, width and height has the shape of the desired element or covering. In this limited space, which e.g. can be made up of a room in a house, then fill in such a large amount of a fresh little by little solidifying "self-levelling" stop compound that the heating sloifs are covered by a layer of the desired thickness. A self-leveling stoping compound means a stoping compound which in its fresh state is so easily flowing that it flows out on its own to a smooth horizontal surface. Examples of such stoping materials are above all cement and/or calcium sulphate hemihydrate (gypsum) and anhydrite mixtures, which, in addition to water and any ballast, contain special so-called fluidizing agents, which make the mixtures easy-flowing even with relatively low water excesses. It is also conceivable to use certain self-levelling solidification-hardening plastic mixtures as a stop compound.

As the self-leveling stoping compounds flow into any nook that is connected to the place where the stoping compound was originally added, in addition to the smooth surface, an extremely good contact is also obtained between the solidified coating and the heating sloifs.

The solidification and drying of the putty can be accelerated if the heat is switched on already before the putty has finished hardening.

Many self-levelling stoping compounds, primarily certain of the . calcium sulphate-based masses of this type, after they have solidified, have a very good buoyancy strength (£10 MPa). By using such stoping materials, it has become possible with the method according to the invention to lay the heating strips closer to the surface of the floor covering than previously, resp. reduce the total heated floor covering volume. Thereby, a significantly improved temperature controllability is achieved.

For the production of heating walls, wall plates produced in a mold in the manner characteristic of the invention are preferably used.

Of the previously mentioned fluidizing agents for hydraulic,

i.e. there are a large number of water-binding binder mixtures of the type cement, gypsum and anhydrite, of which the trade names Melment and Lomar D can be mentioned.

Claims (5)

1. Method for producing plate-shaped building elements with at least one smooth broad side and built-in heating coils under the surface of this wide side in the form of electrical conductors or hot water pipes, characterized in that said heating coils are arranged in the desired manner in relation to each other on top or in one or more horizontal planes above an at least approximately horizontal off-plane surface, that this surface is limited on the sides so that a bounded space is formed with an extent in length, width and height that corresponds to the desired building element's size and shape, and that this space is then filled with a fresh little by little solidifying so-called " "self-levelling" stoping compound, i.e. a stopping compound which in its fresh state is so easy-flowing that it of its own accord flows out and forms a smooth horizontal surface in sufficient quantity that the stoping mass, after flowing, completely covers the heating j layers with a continuous layer of a predetermined thickness. 2. Method as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the heat sloifs are placed over a base insulation arranged directly on the ground for a house without a basement or over a joist layer in a house with several floors and the stoping compound is supplied in sufficient quantity and of such a type that it solidifies condition can constitute a subfloor or wearing floor in the house. 3. Method as stated in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solidification of the stoping compound is accelerated by the heat sloifs being supplied with heat already before the stoping compound's breaking and dehumidification period. 4. Method as set forth in any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the self-levelling stoping compound/ is produced from a hydraulic binder, e.g. cement, calcium sulphate hemihydrate (gypsum) or anhydrite, water, so-called fluidising agent and any ballast. 5. Procedure as specified in any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the self-levelling stop compound is produced from a plastic composition that solidifies upon curing.