NO322968B1 - Sylinderelement, sa som en sylinderfôring, et stempel, et stempelskjort eller en stempelring i en forbrenningsmotor av dieseltypen, samt stempelring for en slik motor - Google Patents
Sylinderelement, sa som en sylinderfôring, et stempel, et stempelskjort eller en stempelring i en forbrenningsmotor av dieseltypen, samt stempelring for en slik motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO322968B1 NO322968B1 NO19990487A NO990487A NO322968B1 NO 322968 B1 NO322968 B1 NO 322968B1 NO 19990487 A NO19990487 A NO 19990487A NO 990487 A NO990487 A NO 990487A NO 322968 B1 NO322968 B1 NO 322968B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- piston
- bronze
- run
- cylinder element
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 147
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001430066 Anulocaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940069016 go-dry Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J10/00—Engine or like cylinders; Features of hollow, e.g. cylindrical, bodies in general
- F16J10/02—Cylinders designed to receive moving pistons or plungers
- F16J10/04—Running faces; Liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/0882—Carbon, e.g. graphite
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199601384A DK174241B1 (da) | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Cylinderelement, såsom en cylinderforing, et stempel, et stempelskørt eller en stempelring, i en forbrændingsmotor af dieseltypen samt en stempelring til en sådan motor. |
| PCT/DK1997/000539 WO1998025017A1 (en) | 1996-12-05 | 1997-11-25 | A cylinder element, such as a cylinder liner, a piston, a piston skirt or a piston ring, in an internal combustion engine of the diesel type, and a piston ring for such an engine |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO990487D0 NO990487D0 (no) | 1999-02-02 |
| NO990487L NO990487L (no) | 1999-06-04 |
| NO322968B1 true NO322968B1 (no) | 2006-12-18 |
Family
ID=8104272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19990487A NO322968B1 (no) | 1996-12-05 | 1999-02-02 | Sylinderelement, sa som en sylinderfôring, et stempel, et stempelskjort eller en stempelring i en forbrenningsmotor av dieseltypen, samt stempelring for en slik motor |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0900326B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3187847B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100306924B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1093596C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU5116998A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69700387T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK174241B1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2135982T3 (ja) |
| HK (1) | HK1021012A1 (ja) |
| HR (1) | HRP970661B1 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY117384A (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO322968B1 (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL187350B1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2156370C1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW384355B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998025017A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19900942C2 (de) * | 1999-01-13 | 2003-04-10 | Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen | Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Schutzbelags sowie Maschine mit wenigstens einem derartigen Schutzbelag |
| DE19908107C2 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2003-04-10 | Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer verschleißfesten Oberfläche bei aus Stahl bestehenden Bauteilen sowie Maschine mit wenigstens einem derartigen Bauteil |
| JP2003514113A (ja) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-04-15 | エムエーエヌ・ビー・アンド・ダブリュ・ディーゼル・エーエス | 少なくとも１つの滑り面を有する機械部分を製作する方法 |
| EP1467129B1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2010-05-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Riken | Spraying piston ring |
| AU2002308224A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-09 | Koncentra Holding Ab | Thermal spraying of a piston ring |
| JP2005307857A (ja) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | シリンダブロック及びその製造方法 |
| AT7941U1 (de) * | 2004-12-02 | 2005-11-15 | Ceratizit Austria Gmbh | Werkzeug zur spanabhebenden bearbeitung |
| DE102005027828A1 (de) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Zylinderlaufbuchse |
| KR101401759B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-09 | 2014-05-30 | 페데랄-모굴 부르샤이트 게엠베하 | 다층 조립체를 갖춘 피스톤 링 및 그의 제조방법 |
| DE102007019510B3 (de) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-09-04 | Man Diesel A/S | Zu einer Gleitpaarung gehörendes Maschinenteil sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102008036657B4 (de) * | 2008-08-06 | 2016-09-01 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Kolbenring mit adaptiver Beschichtung und Herstellungsverfahren davon |
| DE102008053641B3 (de) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-02-18 | Daimler Ag | Thermisch gespritzte Zylinderlaufbahnbeschichtung, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung in Verbrennungsmotoren |
| DE102009022804A1 (de) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-02 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Gleitelement mit freigelegter Funktionsfläche |
| BRPI0905228B1 (pt) * | 2009-12-29 | 2017-01-24 | Mahle Metal Leve Sa | anel de pistão nitretado resistente à propagação de trincas |
| DE102010002686A1 (de) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Gleitelement, insbesondere Kolbenring, und Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines Gleitelements |
| JP5499790B2 (ja) | 2010-03-11 | 2014-05-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | シリンダブロックの加工方法、シリンダブロック及び溶射用シリンダブロック |
| DE102010029256A1 (de) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-01 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Gleitelement |
| JP5689735B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-29 | 2015-03-25 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | ピストンリング |
| RU2516040C2 (ru) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-05-20 | Алексей Александрович Никифоров | Двигатель внутреннего сгорания |
| CN102305289A (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-04 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种基于变形活塞环的间隙密封液压缸 |
| CN102900663B (zh) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-08-19 | 四川中物泰沃新材料有限公司 | 缸套及其制造方法 |
| WO2014091831A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-19 | 株式会社リケン | ピストンリング用溶射被膜、ピストンリング、及びピストンリング用溶射被膜の製造方法 |
| RU2549275C2 (ru) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-04-27 | Валерий Туркубеевич Пчентлешев | Деталь, имеющая, по меньшей мере одну износостойкую поверхность, и сборочная единица, содержащая такую деталь |
| CN104373415B (zh) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-09-07 | 湖州环丰机械有限公司 | 一种液压油缸 |
| WO2016126170A1 (ru) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-11 | Валерий Туркубеевич ПЧЕНТЛЕШЕВ | Сборочная единица и деталь с износостойкой поверхностью |
| JP2018059404A (ja) * | 2015-02-23 | 2018-04-12 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | エンジン、シリンダボディ部材及び車両 |
| CN105604722A (zh) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-25 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | 一种无缸套铝合金发动机缸体及其加工方法 |
| DE102017116480A1 (de) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | Federal-Mogul Friedberg Gmbh | Kolbenring mit kugelgestrahlter Einlaufschicht und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| CN109296592B (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-12-22 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种用于高压低摩擦液压缸的活塞组合件 |
| CN111156163B (zh) * | 2019-12-29 | 2021-12-21 | 陕西航天动力高科技股份有限公司 | 一种隔膜泵用十字头与十字头滑套组件 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4196237A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1980-04-01 | Eutectic Corporation | High hardness copper-aluminum alloy flame spray powder |
| DE3447784A1 (de) * | 1984-12-20 | 1986-06-26 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur | Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
| US5080056A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-01-14 | General Motors Corporation | Thermally sprayed aluminum-bronze coatings on aluminum engine bores |
| DK16494A (da) * | 1994-02-08 | 1995-08-09 | Man B & W Diesel Gmbh | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en cylinderforing samt en sådan foring |
| US5598818A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-02-04 | Spx Corporation | Method of providing a cylinder bore liner in an internal combustion engine |
-
1996
- 1996-12-05 DK DK199601384A patent/DK174241B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-11-19 MY MYPI97005574A patent/MY117384A/en unknown
- 1997-11-25 EP EP97945800A patent/EP0900326B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 JP JP52508198A patent/JP3187847B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 ES ES97945800T patent/ES2135982T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 CN CN97196212A patent/CN1093596C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 WO PCT/DK1997/000539 patent/WO1998025017A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-25 PL PL97331492A patent/PL187350B1/pl unknown
- 1997-11-25 AU AU51169/98A patent/AU5116998A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-25 RU RU99100629/06A patent/RU2156370C1/ru active
- 1997-11-25 DE DE69700387T patent/DE69700387T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 TW TW086117655A patent/TW384355B/zh active
- 1997-12-05 HR HR970661A patent/HRP970661B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-02-02 NO NO19990487A patent/NO322968B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-04 KR KR1019997000939A patent/KR100306924B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-01-03 HK HK00100008A patent/HK1021012A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1998025017A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
| KR20000029804A (ko) | 2000-05-25 |
| JP3187847B2 (ja) | 2001-07-16 |
| AU5116998A (en) | 1998-06-29 |
| CN1225152A (zh) | 1999-08-04 |
| HK1021012A1 (en) | 2000-05-26 |
| EP0900326B1 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
| RU2156370C1 (ru) | 2000-09-20 |
| KR100306924B1 (ko) | 2001-10-29 |
| PL331492A1 (en) | 1999-07-19 |
| EP0900326A1 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
| DE69700387D1 (de) | 1999-09-09 |
| NO990487D0 (no) | 1999-02-02 |
| TW384355B (en) | 2000-03-11 |
| JP2000505178A (ja) | 2000-04-25 |
| PL187350B1 (pl) | 2004-06-30 |
| DE69700387T2 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
| HRP970661B1 (en) | 2000-10-31 |
| DK174241B1 (da) | 2002-10-14 |
| MY117384A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| HRP970661A2 (en) | 1998-08-31 |
| NO990487L (no) | 1999-06-04 |
| DK138496A (da) | 1998-06-06 |
| ES2135982T3 (es) | 1999-11-01 |
| CN1093596C (zh) | 2002-10-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1K | Patent expired |