NO174722B - Procedure for bleaching of cellulose pulp and use of enzymes - Google Patents
Procedure for bleaching of cellulose pulp and use of enzymes Download PDFInfo
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- NO174722B NO174722B NO903913A NO903913A NO174722B NO 174722 B NO174722 B NO 174722B NO 903913 A NO903913 A NO 903913A NO 903913 A NO903913 A NO 903913A NO 174722 B NO174722 B NO 174722B
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- pulp
- enzyme
- bleaching
- chlorine
- cellulose pulp
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- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 44
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol Chemical class OC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/12—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- D21C9/14—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds with ClO2 or chlorites
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for bleking av cellulosemasse oppnådd fra løvved hvor blekekjemikalier inneholdende klor benyttes. Oppfinnelsen vedrører videre anvendelsen av enzym for å nedsette det gjenværende klorinnholdet i bleket cellulosemasse fremstilt fra løvved. The present invention relates to a method for bleaching cellulose pulp obtained from hardwood where bleaching chemicals containing chlorine are used. The invention further relates to the use of enzyme to reduce the remaining chlorine content in bleached cellulose pulp produced from hardwood.
Cellulosemasse oppnådd ved spesielt sulfatkoking er brun, hovedsakelig på grunn av lignin som blir igjen i massen. Den nåværende oppfatningen er at dette gjenværende ligninet er bundet til hemicellulosen med kovalente bindinger. Lignin fjernes ved bleking, hvorved massen gjøres anvendelig for papir- og kartongprodukter av høy kvalitet. Cellulose pulp obtained by special sulphate cooking is brown, mainly due to lignin remaining in the pulp. The current view is that this residual lignin is bound to the hemicellulose by covalent bonds. Lignin is removed by bleaching, whereby the pulp is used for high-quality paper and cardboard products.
Bleking utføres vanligvis i en flértrinnsprosess hvor massen alternerende behandles med oksyderende, lignin-dekomponerende kjemikalier og med kjemikalier som oppløser stoffene som er generert som dekomponeringsprodukter. Fremfor alt har stoffer som inneholder klor vært benyttet som oksyderende kjemikalier, så som ren klorgass, klordioksyd eller natrium- eller kalium-hypokloritt, selv om andre typer oksyderende bleke-midler som ikke inneholder klor også er kjente. Som ekstrak-sjonskjemikalier som fjerner dekomponeringsproduktene har alkalioppløsninger vært benyttet. Bleaching is usually carried out in a multi-stage process where the pulp is alternately treated with oxidizing, lignin-decomposing chemicals and with chemicals that dissolve the substances generated as decomposition products. Above all, substances containing chlorine have been used as oxidizing chemicals, such as pure chlorine gas, chlorine dioxide or sodium or potassium hypochlorite, although other types of oxidizing bleaches that do not contain chlorine are also known. Alkali solutions have been used as extraction chemicals that remove the decomposition products.
Under reaksjonsforløpet klorerer kjemikalier inneholdende klor lignin, såvel som fett- og harpiksformige syrer som er til stede i massen. Derfor produseres klorfenoler fra lignin i blekeprosessen, som ender opp i bleke-spillvannet som forlater massen. Klor er videre bundet til de restene av lignin og syrer som fremdelse finnes i cellulosemassen etter avsluttet bleking. Frem til idag har dette gjenværende kloret i økende grad blitt betraktet som en miljømessig skadelig komponent ved det tidspunktet når papir eller kartongpro-duktene fremstilt fra massen ender opp som avfall, og restriksjoner vedrørende det tillatelige klorinnholdet av masse må der forventes innen nær fremtid. Slike restriksjoner ville spesielt vedrøre masse som benyttes for kartong i forbindelse med næringsmidler som ender opp i avfallsforbren-ningsanlegg eller på fyllinger. Dette problemet er spesielt alvorlig i tilfellet med masse fremstilt fra løvved, f.eks. fra bjerk eller eucalyptusved, som har et høyt innhold av klor-bindende ekstraktive stoffer. During the course of the reaction, chemicals containing chlorine chlorinate lignin, as well as fatty and resinous acids present in the pulp. Therefore, chlorophenols are produced from lignin in the bleaching process, which end up in the bleaching waste water that leaves the pulp. Chlorine is further bound to the residues of lignin and acids that are produced in the cellulose pulp after bleaching has been completed. Until today, this remaining chlorine has increasingly been considered an environmentally harmful component at the time when the paper or cardboard products made from the pulp end up as waste, and restrictions regarding the permissible chlorine content of pulp must be expected in the near future. Such restrictions would particularly concern pulp used for cardboard in connection with foodstuffs that end up in waste incineration plants or landfills. This problem is particularly serious in the case of pulp produced from hardwood, e.g. from birch or eucalyptus wood, which has a high content of chlorine-binding extractive substances.
Formålet med foreliggende oppfinnelse er derfor å gi anvisning til en problemløsning hvorved det gjenværende klorinnholdet av bleket cellulosemasse fremstilt fra løvved kan reduseres fra det nåværende nivå. The purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide instructions for a problem solution whereby the remaining chlorine content of bleached cellulose pulp produced from hardwood can be reduced from the current level.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringer følgelig en fremgangsmåte for bleking av cellulosemasse oppnådd fra løvved, hvor blekekjemikalier inneholdende klor benyttes, kjenne-tegnet ved at det gjenværende klorinnholdet i den blekede massen reduseres ved at massen utsettes for enzymbehandi ing. The present invention therefore provides a method for bleaching cellulose pulp obtained from hardwood, where bleaching chemicals containing chlorine are used, characterized in that the remaining chlorine content in the bleached pulp is reduced by subjecting the pulp to enzyme treatment.
Det har allerede vært observert i tidligere studier at det ved hjelp av enzymer er mulig å løsne lignin fra cellulose. Konklusjonen fra dette er at når massen oppnådd i en kokeprosess først behandles med enzym, kan anvendelsen av klorholdige blekekjemikalier i det etterfølgende bleketrinnet helt eller delvis elimineres. Ved foreliggende oppfinnelse er nå den observasjon gjort at når enzymbehandlingen kombineres med en blekeprosess med anvendelse av klorkjemikalier ved i det vesentlige standardfremgangsmåte, vil resultatet bli cellulosemasse som har et gjenværende klorinnhold som er vesentlig redusert fra det det ville vært i fravær av enzymbehandling. It has already been observed in previous studies that it is possible to detach lignin from cellulose with the help of enzymes. The conclusion from this is that when the pulp obtained in a cooking process is first treated with enzyme, the use of chlorine-containing bleaching chemicals in the subsequent bleaching step can be completely or partially eliminated. With the present invention, the observation has now been made that when the enzyme treatment is combined with a bleaching process using chlorine chemicals in an essentially standard procedure, the result will be cellulose pulp which has a residual chlorine content that is significantly reduced from what it would have been in the absence of enzyme treatment.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen kan enzymbehandlingen utføres ved et hvilket som helst trinn av blekeprosessen. Følgelig kan massen behandles med enzym i forbindelse med et av de oksyderende trinnene eller ektraksjonstrinnene (alkalitrinn) av blekeprosessen, eller mellom de respektive trinnene, før bleketrinnene, eller først etter de nevnte trinnene. Enzymet som benyttes er fordelaktig hemicellulase, cellulase, esterase eller en blanding av disse, og som slike egnede enzymprodukter kan nevnes "Multifekt L 250" og "Multifekt K". Temperaturen for enzymbehandlingen kan være i området fra 10 til 90° C, fortrinnsvis 40 til 70° C, og pH i området fra 3,0 til 7,5, fortrinnsvis 4,0 til 6,0. According to the invention, the enzyme treatment can be carried out at any stage of the bleaching process. Consequently, the pulp can be treated with enzyme in connection with one of the oxidizing steps or the extraction steps (alkali step) of the bleaching process, or between the respective steps, before the bleaching steps, or only after the aforementioned steps. The enzyme used is advantageously hemicellulase, cellulase, esterase or a mixture of these, and as such suitable enzyme products "Multifekt L 250" and "Multifekt K" can be mentioned. The temperature for the enzyme treatment can be in the range from 10 to 90° C, preferably 40 to 70° C, and the pH in the range from 3.0 to 7.5, preferably 4.0 to 6.0.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse omfatter videre anvendelse av enzym for å nedsette det gjenværende klorinnholdet i bleket cellulosemasse fremstilt fra løvved. The present invention further comprises the use of enzyme to reduce the remaining chlorine content in bleached cellulose pulp produced from hardwood.
Egnede enzymer innbefatter hemicellulaser, cellulaser og esteraser eller blandinger av disse, f.eks. enzymproduktene "Multifect L 250" og "Multifect K".Anvendelsen av enzymet utføres, ifølge oppfinnelsen, ved fremgangsmåten angitt i den forutgående beskrivelsen av blekeprosedyren. Suitable enzymes include hemicellulases, cellulases and esterases or mixtures thereof, e.g. the enzyme products "Multifect L 250" and "Multifect K". The use of the enzyme is carried out, according to the invention, by the method indicated in the previous description of the bleaching procedure.
Spesifikt vedrører anvendelse av enzymer som angitt ved oppfinnelsen reduksjon av det gjenværende klorinnholdet i bleket cellulosemasse som skal bearbeides til forpaknings-kartong eller papir for næringsmidler. Dette skyldes at det stadig strengere regelverket vedrørende gjenværende klorinnhold spesielt angår disse kartong- og papirkvalitetene som ender opp som avfall for avhending i avfallsforbrennings-anlegg hvor klorinnholdet i produktene, når det brennes, kan produsere meget toksisk dioksin. Specifically, the use of enzymes as indicated by the invention relates to the reduction of the remaining chlorine content in bleached cellulose pulp which is to be processed into packaging cardboard or paper for foodstuffs. This is because the increasingly strict regulations regarding residual chlorine content particularly concern these cardboard and paper qualities that end up as waste for disposal in waste incineration plants where the chlorine content of the products, when burned, can produce highly toxic dioxin.
De aktuelle enzymaktivitetene (U = enhet aktivitet) for forskjellige enzymkategorier som kan benyttes ved foreliggende oppfinnelse ligger innenfor følgende grenser: The actual enzyme activities (U = unit activity) for different enzyme categories that can be used in the present invention lie within the following limits:
1) Khan, A.W., Tremblay, D., LeDuy, A., Enzyme Microb. Technol., 8 (1986) 373-377 2) F. Delyn, M. Claeyssens, J. van Beeumen, C.K. de Bruyne, Can. J. Biochem 56 43 (1987) 3) Chose, T.K., Patnak, A.N., Bisaria, V.S. Symposium of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose, Bailey, M. , Enari, T.M. , Linko, M., Eds. (SITRA, Aulanko, finland, 1975), 111-136 4) Mandels, M., Weber, J., Adv. Chem. Ser. 95 (1969) 391-413 5) Berghem, Ler, Pettersson, Eur. J. Biochem 37 (1973) 21-30 6) Sugar determination: Miller, G.L., Anal. Chem. 31 (1959) 426-428 1) Khan, A.W., Tremblay, D., LeDuy, A., Enzyme Microb. Technol., 8 (1986) 373-377 2) F. Delyn, M. Claeyssens, J. van Beeumen, C.K. de Bruyne, Can. J. Biochem 56 43 (1987) 3) Chose, T.K., Patnak, A.N., Bisaria, V.S. Symposium of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose, Bailey, M. , Enari, T.M. , Linko, M., Eds. (SITRA, Aulanko, Finland, 1975), 111-136 4) Mandels, M., Weber, J., Adv. Chem. Looking. 95 (1969) 391-413 5) Berghem, Ler, Pettersson, Eur. J. Biochem 37 (1973) 21-30 6) Sugar determination: Miller, G.L., Anal. Chem. 31 (1959) 426-428
Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives nærmere i det følgende ved hjelp av to utførelseseksempler basert på laboratorieforsøk. The invention will be described in more detail in the following with the help of two design examples based on laboratory tests.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
220 g massetørrstoff fra bjerke-sulfatkoking (tørrvekt-innhold av masse 10 %) ble suspendert i 50 mM Na-nitrat-buffer, pH 5, på en slik måte at den endelige konsentrasjonen av blandingen var 2,5 %. "Multifect K" enzym ble tilsatt, slik at xylanase-aktiviteten av blandingen var 56 U pr. g masse tørrstoff. Temperaturen under enzymbehandlingen var 39°C og behandlingstiden 20 timer. Massen ble filtrert etter enzymbehandl ing med en Buchner-trakt og massekaken som derved ble oppnådd ble vasket med ionebyttet vann, slik at det ble oppnådd et vaskeforhold på 28. 220 g pulp dry matter from birch sulfate cooking (dry weight content of pulp 10%) was suspended in 50 mM Na-nitrate buffer, pH 5, in such a way that the final concentration of the mixture was 2.5%. "Multifect K" enzyme was added so that the xylanase activity of the mixture was 56 U per g mass of dry matter. The temperature during the enzyme treatment was 39°C and the treatment time 20 hours. The pulp was filtered after enzyme treatment with a Buchner funnel and the resulting pulp cake was washed with ion-exchanged water, so that a washing ratio of 28 was achieved.
En tilsvarende masseporsjon ble som kontroll behandlet på samme måte, men uten enzymtilsats. As a control, a corresponding mass portion was treated in the same way, but without enzyme addition.
I tabell Ia nedenfor angis resultater fra måling av de to nevnte masseporsjoner, i dette trinnet av behandlingen. In Table Ia below, results from measurement of the two mentioned mass portions are given in this step of the treatment.
Den enzymbehandlede masseporsjonen og kontrollporsjonen ble deretter utsatt for bleking som fant sted i fem etterfølgende oksydasjons- og ekstraksjonstrinn. I det første trinnet ble klor og klordioksyd benyttet som kjemikalier, i det andre trinnet natriumhydroksyd, i det tredje trinnet klordioksyd, i det fjerde trinnet natriumhydroksyd og i det femte trinnet klordioksyd. I den følgende tabell Ib angis de samlede klormengdene benyttet ved bleking, og resultatene av målinger av de to blekede masseporsjonene. The enzyme treated pulp portion and the control portion were then subjected to bleaching which took place in five subsequent oxidation and extraction steps. In the first stage chlorine and chlorine dioxide were used as chemicals, in the second stage sodium hydroxide, in the third stage chlorine dioxide, in the fourth stage sodium hydroxide and in the fifth stage chlorine dioxide. In the following table Ib, the total amounts of chlorine used in bleaching are given, and the results of measurements of the two bleached pulp portions.
Resultatene viser at det gjenværende klorinnholdet etter bleking er klart lavere i den enzymbehandlede cellulosemassen enn i massen som ikke mottok noen enzymbehandl ing. Det fremgår videre at ingen avgjørende svekning av styrkeverdiene fant sted i den enzymbehandlede massen. The results show that the remaining chlorine content after bleaching is clearly lower in the enzyme-treated cellulose pulp than in the pulp that did not receive any enzyme treatment. It also appears that no decisive weakening of the strength values took place in the enzyme-treated pulp.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
I dette forsøket ble det benyttet tre masseporsjoner oppnådd ved bjerke-sulfatkoking som hadde den samme konsistensen som de i det foregående eksempel 1. To porsjoner ble behandlet med enzym som angitt ovenfor, mens den tredje porsjonen utgjorde en kontrollporsjon. Enzymene var forskjellige fra de som ble benyttet i eksempel 1 ved at med ett av dem (i porsjon 1) i blandingen ble det oppnådd, i tillegg til xylanaseaktivitet, 56 TJ pr . g massetørrstoff, cellulaseaktivitet 1,5 U pr. g massetørrstoff og i den andre (porsjon 2), i tillegg til xylanaseaktivitet, 56 U pr. g massetørr-stoff, cellulaseaktivitet 1,1 U pr. g massetørrstoff. Resultatene etter enzymbehandling er angitt i tabell Ila. In this experiment, three portions of pulp obtained by birch sulphate boiling were used which had the same consistency as those in the previous example 1. Two portions were treated with enzyme as stated above, while the third portion constituted a control portion. The enzymes differed from those used in example 1 in that with one of them (in portion 1) in the mixture, in addition to xylanase activity, 56 TJ per . g pulp dry matter, cellulase activity 1.5 U per g pulp dry matter and in the second (portion 2), in addition to xylanase activity, 56 U per g pulp dry matter, cellulase activity 1.1 U per g pulp dry matter. The results after enzyme treatment are given in Table IIa.
Masseporsjonene ble heretter bleket med klorkjemikalier og natriumhydroksyd som i eksempel 1. Den samlede klordosen i mg/kg var 2 x kappatallet i hvert tilfelle. Resultatene etter bleking er vist i tabell Ilb. The mass portions were then bleached with chlorine chemicals and sodium hydroxide as in example 1. The total chlorine dose in mg/kg was 2 x the kappa number in each case. The results after bleaching are shown in table IIb.
Resultatene viser også i dette tilfellet at enzymbehandling i vesentlig grad reduserer det gjenværende klorinnholdet av den blekede massen. The results also show in this case that enzyme treatment significantly reduces the remaining chlorine content of the bleached pulp.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
Bleket bjerke-sulfatmasse ble benyttet i dette forsøket. Massen var bleket ved at det som blekekjemikalier i det første trinnet var benyttet klor (90 %) og klordioksyd (10 $6), i det andre trinnet nat r iumhydr oksyd og i det tredje trinnet oksygen. Bleached birch sulphate pulp was used in this experiment. The pulp was bleached by using chlorine (90%) and chlorine dioxide (10 $6) as bleaching chemicals in the first stage, sodium hydroxide in the second stage and oxygen in the third stage.
Den blekede massen ble underkastet enzymbehandling under identiske betingelser, og ved anvendelse av det samme enzymet, som i eksempel 1. Etter behandling ble massen vasket med vann og tørket ved romtemperatur. Det gjenværende klorinnholdet ble målt både for den enzymbehandlede massen og for den ubehandlede, opprinnelige blekede sulfatmassen, resultatet var 1,18 for førstnevnte og 1,5 mg/g for sist-nevnte. Følgelig kunne det gjenværende klorinnholdet av bleket masse reduseres betydelig ved hjelp av enzymbehandl ing. The bleached mass was subjected to enzyme treatment under identical conditions, and using the same enzyme, as in example 1. After treatment, the mass was washed with water and dried at room temperature. The residual chlorine content was measured both for the enzyme-treated pulp and for the untreated, original bleached sulphate pulp, the result was 1.18 for the former and 1.5 mg/g for the latter. Consequently, the remaining chlorine content of bleached pulp could be significantly reduced by means of enzyme treatment.
Forsøket viser at det ønskede resultatet oppnås med oppfinnelsen også i tilfeller hvor cellulosemassen først blekes og først deretter behandles med enzym. The experiment shows that the desired result is achieved with the invention also in cases where the cellulose pulp is first bleached and only then treated with enzyme.
Den ovenfor omtalte fremgangsmåten kan varieres på forskjellige måter. For eksempel kan man i det første trinnet av en konvensjonell femtrinns klorbleking anvende enten klor alene eller klor i blanding med klordioksyd. Det er også mulig å gjøre tiden hvorunder enzymet får virke betydelig kortere enn den nevnte tiden på 20 timer. Behandlingstider på få timer, eller også kortere enn én time, kan følgelig være mulig, avhengig av det valgte enzymet og av dets aktivitet. The method mentioned above can be varied in different ways. For example, in the first stage of a conventional five-stage chlorine bleaching, either chlorine alone or chlorine mixed with chlorine dioxide can be used. It is also possible to make the time during which the enzyme is allowed to act significantly shorter than the mentioned time of 20 hours. Treatment times of a few hours, or even shorter than one hour, may therefore be possible, depending on the enzyme chosen and its activity.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI881192A FI81395B (en) | 1988-03-14 | 1988-03-14 | FOERFARANDE FOER BLEKNING AV CELLULOSAMASSA. |
| PCT/FI1989/000045 WO1989008738A1 (en) | 1988-03-14 | 1989-03-13 | Procedure for bleaching cellulose pulp |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO903913L NO903913L (en) | 1990-09-07 |
| NO903913D0 NO903913D0 (en) | 1990-09-07 |
| NO174722B true NO174722B (en) | 1994-03-14 |
| NO174722C NO174722C (en) | 1994-06-22 |
Family
ID=8526077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO903913A NO174722C (en) | 1988-03-14 | 1990-09-07 | Process for bleaching cellulose pulp and use of enzymes |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0407421B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH03505758A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE135429T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU626846B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8907314A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1334581C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68925967T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK175185B1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI81395B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO174722C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ228308A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989008738A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5298405A (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1994-03-29 | Alko Limited | Enzyme preparations with recombinantly-altered cellulose profiles and methods for their production |
| FI90888B (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1993-12-31 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Method for bleaching cellulose pulp |
| FI86896B (en) * | 1989-05-04 | 1992-07-15 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER BLEKNING AV CELLULOSAMASSA. |
| DK420289D0 (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1989-08-25 | Novo Nordisk As | METHOD OF TREATING LIGNOCELLULOSE PULP |
| NZ235679A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-01-27 | Int Paper Co | Bleaching lignocellulosic pulp using (a) treatment with xylanase and (b) one or more chemical bleaching stages |
| SE465320B (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-08-26 | Korsnaes Ab | PREPARATIONS SUBMITTING ENZYMATIC DELIGNIFICATION ACTIVITY, MADE TO MAKE THE SAME AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF |
| FI88315C (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-04-26 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER BLEKNING AV CELLULOSAMASSA |
| US5837515A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1998-11-17 | Alko-Yhtiot Oy | Enzyme preparations and methods for their production |
| GB9018426D0 (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1990-10-03 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to novel compounds |
| NZ239500A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-08-26 | Novo Nordisk As | Xylanases obtained from bacillus pumilus and use in a lignocellulosic chemical pulping process |
| DE4129739A1 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-12 | Sandoz Ag | Chlorine-free bleaching of paper pulp |
| FI108800B (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 2002-03-28 | Iogen Corp | A method and apparatus for using an enzyme in the manufacture and bleaching of pulp |
| US5369024A (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1994-11-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Xylanase from streptomyces roseiscleroticus NRRL-11019 for removing color from kraft wood pulps |
| US5498534A (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1996-03-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Method of removing color from wood pulp using xylanase from streptomyces roseiscleroticus NRRL B-11019 |
| US5871730A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1999-02-16 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Thermostable xylanase DNA, protein and methods of use |
| US6300114B1 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 2001-10-09 | Rohm Enzyme Finland Oy | Sequences of xylanase and xylanase expression vectors |
| US5935836A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1999-08-10 | Rohm Enzyme Finland Oy | Actinomadura xylanase sequences and methods of use |
| US7816129B2 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 2010-10-19 | Ab Enzymes Gmbh | Production and secretion of proteins of bacterial origin in filamentous fungi |
| WO2002057541A2 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2002-07-25 | Iogen Bio-Products Corporation | Use of xylanase in pulp bleaching |
| WO2003074780A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-12 | Iogen Bio-Products Corporation | Xylanase treatment of chemical pulp |
| CN104963206A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-10-07 | 华东理工常熟研究院有限公司 | Enzyme modified paper pulp fiber, wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ216726A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1990-08-28 | Repligen Corp | Use of lignin-degrading enzymes from phanerochaete chrysosporium for treatment of wood pulp and e1 effluent |
| ZA894239B (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1990-03-28 | Int Paper Co | Enzymatic delignification of lignocellulosic material |
| EP0373107B1 (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1994-03-23 | Sandoz Ag | Use of enzymes of Aureobasidium pullulans in pulp bleaching |
-
1988
- 1988-03-14 FI FI881192A patent/FI81395B/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1989
- 1989-03-13 DE DE68925967T patent/DE68925967T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-03-13 EP EP89903748A patent/EP0407421B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-03-13 BR BR898907314A patent/BR8907314A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-03-13 AU AU32923/89A patent/AU626846B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-03-13 WO PCT/FI1989/000045 patent/WO1989008738A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-03-13 CA CA000593523A patent/CA1334581C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-13 NZ NZ228308A patent/NZ228308A/en unknown
- 1989-03-13 AT AT89903748T patent/ATE135429T1/en active
- 1989-03-13 JP JP1502856A patent/JPH03505758A/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-09-04 DK DK199002119A patent/DK175185B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-07 NO NO903913A patent/NO174722C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE135429T1 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
| DK211990A (en) | 1990-11-07 |
| WO1989008738A1 (en) | 1989-09-21 |
| BR8907314A (en) | 1991-03-19 |
| NZ228308A (en) | 1990-06-26 |
| DE68925967T2 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
| NO174722C (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| FI881192A0 (en) | 1988-03-14 |
| AU626846B2 (en) | 1992-08-13 |
| NO903913L (en) | 1990-09-07 |
| DK175185B1 (en) | 2004-06-28 |
| JPH03505758A (en) | 1991-12-12 |
| NO903913D0 (en) | 1990-09-07 |
| EP0407421A1 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
| DE68925967D1 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| CA1334581C (en) | 1995-02-28 |
| DK211990D0 (en) | 1990-09-04 |
| FI81395B (en) | 1990-06-29 |
| EP0407421B1 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| FI881192A (en) | 1989-09-15 |
| AU3292389A (en) | 1989-10-05 |
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